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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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tunica vasculosa lentisA nutrient vascular layer enveloping the lens of the eye in the foetus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tunica vasculosa oculiSynonym for vascular tunic of eye ... The vascular, pigmentary, or middle coat of the eye, comprising the choroid, ciliary body, and iris. ... Synonym: tunica vasculosa bulbi, Haller's tunica vasculosa, tunica vasculosa oculi, uvea, uveal tract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tunica vasculosa testisThe vascular layer enveloping the testis beneath the tunica albuginea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tunica vitreaSynonym for posterior limiting layer of cornea ... A transparent homogeneous acellular layer between the substantia propria and the endothelial layer of the cornea; considered to be a highly developed basement membrane. ... Synonym: lamina limitans posterior corneae, membrana vitrea, Descemet's membrane, Duddell's membrane, entocornea, hyaloid membra …
tunicae funiculi spermaticicoverings of spermatic cord ...
tunicamycin<drug> Nucleoside antibiotics from Streptomyces lysosuperificus that act in eukaryotic cells to inhibit N glycosylation. ... Tunicamycin inhibits the first step in synthesis of the dolichol linked oligosaccharide, by preventing the addition of N acetylglucosamine to dolichol phosphate. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
tunicata<zoology> A grand division of the animal kingdom, intermediate, in some respects, between the invertebrates and vertebrates, and by some writers united with the latter. They were formerly classed with acephalous mollusks. The body is usually covered with a firm external tunic, consisting in part of cellulose, and having two openings, one for …
tunicated1. <botany> Covered with a tunic; covered or coated with layers; as, a tunicated bulb. ... 2. <zoology> Having a tunic, or mantle; of or pertaining to the Tunicata. Having each joint buried in the preceding funnel-shaped one, as in certain antennae of insects. ... Origin: L. Tunicatus, p. P. Of tunicare to clothe with a tunic, fr. Tunica …
tuning fork<instrument> A steel or magnesium-alloy instrument roughly resembling a two-pronged fork, the vibrations of the prongs of which, when struck, give a musical note of restricted band width; used to test the hearing and vibratory sensation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tunisiaA republic in northern africa between algeria and libya. Its capital is tunis, which occupies the site of ancient carthage. Tunisia became a french protectorate in 1881 but was reorganised in 1922. France recognised its independence in 1956. The country takes its name from the capital, which some authorities derive from the name of the phoenician g …
tunnel1. To form into a tunnel, or funnel, or to form like a tunnel; as, to tunnel fibrous plants into nests. ... 2. To catch in a tunnel net. ... 3. To make an opening, or a passageway, through or under; as, to tunnel a mountain; to tunnel a river. ... Origin: Tunneled or Tunnelled; Tunneling or Tunnelling. ... 1. A vessel with a broad mouth at one end, a p …
tunnel cellsSynonym for pillar cells ... Cell's forming the outer and inner walls of the tunnel in the organ of Corti. ... Synonym: Corti's pillars, Corti's rods, pillar cells of Corti, tunnel cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tunnel diseaseSynonym for ancylostomiasis ... Infection of humans or animals with hookworms of the genus ancylostoma. Characteristics include anaemia, dyspepsia, eosinophilia, and abdominal swelling. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
tunnel visionSynonym for tubular vision ... A constriction of the visual field, as though one were looking through a hollow cylinder or tube. ... Synonym: tunnel vision. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tunneling effect<radiobiology> In quantum mechanics, a particle approaching a potential energy barrier of finite extent has a chance (usually small) of tunneling through the barrier, even though it lacks the energy to go over the barrier. Tunneling plays a strong role in fusion reactions: particles which do not have enough energy to climb over the electrosta …
tunnyOrigin: L. Thunnus, thynnus, Gr,: cf. It. Tonno, F. & Pr. Thon. ... <zoology> Any one of several species of large oceanic fishes belonging to the Mackerel family, especially the common or great tunny (Orcynus or Albacora thynnus) native of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. It sometimes weighs a thousand pounds or more, and is e …
Tuohy needleA needle with a lateral opening at the distal end, designed to cause a catheter passing through the needle's lumen to exit laterally at a 45° angle; used to place catheters into the subarachnoid or epidural space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Tuohy, Edward<person> 20th century U.S. Anaesthesiologist. ... See: Tuohy needle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tupaia<botany> A genus of tree shrews of the family tupaiidae which consists of about 12 species. One of the most frequently encountered species is tupaia Glis. Members of this genus inhabit rain forests and secondary growth areas in southeast Asia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
tupaiidae<zoology> The only family of the order scandentia, variously included in the order insectivora or in the order primates, and often in the order microscelidea, consisting of five genera. ... They are tupaia, ananthana (indian tree shrew), dendrogale (small smooth-tailed tree shrew), urogale (mindanao tree shrew), and ptilocercus (pen-tailed tre …
tupelo<botany> A North American tree (Nyssa multiflora) of the Dogwood family, having brilliant, glossy foliage and acid red berries. The wood is crossgrained and very difficult to split. Called also black gum, sour gum, and pepperidge. ... <botany> Largo tupelo, or Tupelo gum, the Ogeechee lime. ... Origin: Tupelo, or tupebo, the native Americ …
TUR syndromeSynonym for transurethral resection syndrome ... <syndrome> Absorption of glycine from irrigation solution during TUR that the liver cannot metabolise, resulting in increased serum ammonia. ... Synonym: TUR syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turanose3-O-alpha-d-Glucopyranosyl-d-fructose;a reducing disaccharide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turban1. A headdress worn by men in the Levant and by most Mohammedans of the male sex, consisting of a cap, and a sash, scarf, or shawl, usually of cotton or linen, wound about the cap, and sometimes hanging down the neck. ... 2. A kind of headdress worn by women. ... 3. <zoology> The whole set of whorls of a spiral shell. ... Origin: OE. Turband, tu …
turban tumourCylindroma of the scalp which, when overgrown, may resemble a turban. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
TurbatrixA genus of free-living nematodes in the family Cephalobidae; it includes the species Turbatrix aceti (the vinegar eel), found in old vinegar or in rotting fruits and vegetables. ... Origin: L. Turbare, to disturb ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turbidCloudy, as by sediment or insoluble matter in a solution. ... Origin: L. Turbidus, confused, disordered ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turbidimeterAn instrument for measuring turbidity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turbidimetricPertaining to the measurement of turbidity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turbidimetryA method for determining the concentration of a substance in a solution by the degree of cloudiness or turbidity it causes or by the degree of clarification it induces in a turbid solution. ... Origin: turbidity + G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turbidityThe relative clarity of water, which may be affected by material in suspension in the water. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
turbinal<anatomy> Rolled in a spiral; scroll-like; turbinate; applied to the thin, plicated, bony or cartilaginous plates which support the olfactory and mucous membranes of the nasal chambers. ... There are usually several of these plates in each nasal chamber. The upper ones, connected directly with the ethmoid bone, are called ethmoturbinals, and t …
turbinal varixA condition of permanent dilation of the veins of the turbinated bodies, especially of the inferior turbinate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turbinate<anatomy> An extension of the ethmoid bone located along the lateral wall of the nose, covered by mucous membrane. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
turbinated1. Whirling in the manner of a top. 'A spiral and turbinated motion of the whole.' (Bentley) ... 2. <botany> Shaped like a top, or inverted cone; narrow at the base, and broad at the apex; as, a turbinated ovary, pericarp, or root. ... 3. <anatomy> Turbinal. ... 4. <zoology> Spiral with the whorls decreasing rapidly from a large base …
turbinated bodyA concha with its covering of mucous membrane and other soft parts. ... Synonym: turbinal. ... Synonym: inferior nasal concha, middle nasal concha, superior nasal concha, supreme nasal concha. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turbinated bonesSee: inferior nasal concha, middle nasal concha, superior nasal concha, supreme nasal concha. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turbinated crestSynonym for conchal crest ... Bony ridge which articulates with, or provides attachment for, the inferior nasal concha. ... See: conchal crest of maxilla, conchal crest of palatine bone. ... Synonym: crista conchalis, turbinated crest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turbinatesThe scroll-like bony plates with curved margins on the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
turbineA machine for converting the heat energy in steam or high temperature gas into mechanical energy. In a turbine, a high velocity flow of steam or gas passes through successive rows of radial blades fastened to a central shaft. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
turbinectomy<procedure> Surgical removal of a turbinated bone. ... Origin: turbinate + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turbinotomeAn instrument for use in turbinotomy or turbinectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turbinotomy<procedure> Incision into or excision of a turbinated body. ... Origin: turbinate + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turbomolecular pumps<radiobiology> Type of pumping system in which a high-speed rotor blade expels gas by physically pushing the molecules out of the vacuum chamber. These pumps overheat unless the vacuum chamber is substantially depressurised using another pumping system first. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
turbot<zoology> A large European flounder (Rhombus maximus) highly esteemed as a food fish. It often weighs from thirty to forty pounds. Its colour on the upper side is brownish with small roundish tubercles scattered over the surface. The lower, or blind, side is white. Called also bannock fluke. ... Any one of numerous species of flounders more or …
turbulence<radiobiology> Violent macroscopic fluctuations which can develop under certain conditions in fluids and plasmas and which usually result in the rapid transfer of energy through the medium. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
turbulent heating<radiobiology> Technique of using turbulence induced by large electric fields to rapidly heat a plasma, the turbulence increases the resistivity of the plasma. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
Turck, Ludwig<person> Austrian neurologist, 1810-1868. ... See: Turck's bundle, Turck's column, Turck's degeneration, Turck's tract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Turck's bundleSynonym for anterior pyramidal tract ... Uncrossed fibres forming a small bundle in the pyramidal tract. ... See: pyramidal tract. ... Synonym: tractus corticospinalis anterior, tractus pyramidalis anterior, anterior corticospinal tract, anterior pyramidal fasciculus, direct pyramidal tract, fasciculus corticospinalis anterior, fasciculus pyramidalis …
Turck's columnSynonym for anterior pyramidal tract ... Uncrossed fibres forming a small bundle in the pyramidal tract. ... See: pyramidal tract. ... Synonym: tractus corticospinalis anterior, tractus pyramidalis anterior, anterior corticospinal tract, anterior pyramidal fasciculus, direct pyramidal tract, fasciculus corticospinalis anterior, fasciculus pyramidalis …
Turck's degenerationDegeneration of a nerve fibre and its sheath distal to the point of injury or section of the axon; usually applied to degeneration within the central nervous system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Turck's tractSynonym for anterior pyramidal tract ... Uncrossed fibres forming a small bundle in the pyramidal tract. ... See: pyramidal tract. ... Synonym: tractus corticospinalis anterior, tractus pyramidalis anterior, anterior corticospinal tract, anterior pyramidal fasciculus, direct pyramidal tract, fasciculus corticospinalis anterior, fasciculus pyramidalis …
turcot syndrome<radiology> Autosomal recessive, onset in teens, GI-tract adenomas, CNS tumours (especially supratentorial glioblastoma) most likely to be death, possible variant of Gardner syndrome Cf: polyposis syndromes ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
turfOrigin: AS. Turf; akin to D. Turf peat, G. Torf, OHG. Zurba turf, Sw. & Icel. Torf turf, peat, Dan. Torv, Skr. Darbha a kind of grass, a tuft of grass. ... 1. That upper stratum of earth and vegetable mold which is filled with the roots of grass and other small plants, so as to adhere and form a kind of mat; sward; sod. 'At his head a grass-gree …
turgescenceSynonym: tumescence. ... Origin: L. Turgesco, to begin to swell, fr. Turgeo, to swell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turgescentSynonym for tumescent ... Denoting tumescence. ... Synonym: turgescent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turgid<physiology> Swollen due to high fluid content. ... Compare: flaccid. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
turgometerA device for measuring turgor, or turgescence, particularly of the skin. ... Origin: turgor + G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turgor<physiology> The pressure within cells, especially plant cells, derived from osmotic pressure differences between the inside and outside of the cell giving rise to mechanical rigidity of the cells. ... Turgor drives cell expansion and certain movements such as the closing or opening of stomata. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
turion<botany> A young, scaly shoot budded off from underground stems. ... A detachable winter bud used for overwintering in many aquatic plants. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
turistaTerm for traveler's diarrhoea, of Mexican derivation. ... Origin: Sp. Tourist ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Turk cellA relatively large, immature cell with certain morphologic features resembling those of a plasma cell, although the nuclear pattern is similar to that of a myeloblast; found in circulating blood only in pathologic conditions. ... Synonym: irritation cell, Turk's leukocyte. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Turk, Siegmund<person> 20th century Swiss ophthalmologist. ... See: Ehrlich-Turk line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Turk, Wilhelm<person> Austrian haematologist, 1871-1916. ... See: Turk cell, Turk's leukocyte. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Turk's leukocyteSynonym for Turk cell ... A relatively large, immature cell with certain morphologic features resembling those of a plasma cell, although the nuclear pattern is similar to that of a myeloblast; found in circulating blood only in pathologic conditions. ... Synonym: irritation cell, Turk's leukocyte. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turkeyAn empire in the southeast of Europe and southwest of Asia. Turkey carpet, a superior kind of carpet made in Asia Minor and adjoining countries, having a deep pile and composed of pure wool with a weft of different material. It is distinguishable by its colouring and patterns from similar carpets made in India and elsewhere. Turkey oak. ... <bota …
turkey gobbler neckLarge skin folds hanging under the chin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turkey meningoencephalitis virusA virus of the genus Flavivirus causing paralysis and enteritis in turkeys in Israel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turkey redSynonym for madder ... <botany> A plant of the Rubia (R. Tinctorum). The root is much used in dyeing red, and formerly was used in medicine. It is cultivated in France and Holland. See Rubiaceous. ... Madder is sometimes used in forming pigments, as lakes, etc, which receive their names from their colours; as. Madder yellow. Field madder, an an …
turkey rhinotracheitisA disease of the upper respiratory tract of turkeys, caused by the turkey rhinotracheitis virus and characterised by catarrh, foamy conjunctivitis, and sinusitis; it has been reported from South Africa, Europe, and Israel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turkey rhinotracheitis virusA pneumovirus causing rhinotracheitis in turkeys and swollen head syndrome in chickens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Turkish saddleSynonym for sella turcica ... <anatomy> A transverse depression crossing the midline on the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid bone and containing the pituitary gland. It is named 'turkish saddle' from its resemblance to the saddle used by turks. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Turlock virusAn unclassified serologic group of arboviruses morphologically like Bunyavirus but antigenically unrelated to it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turmeric1. <botany> An East Indian plant of the genus Curcuma, of the Ginger family. ... 2. The root or rootstock of the Curcuma longa. It is externally grayish, but internally of a deep, lively yellow or saffron colour, and has a slight aromatic smell, and a bitterish, slightly acrid taste. It is used for a dye, a medicine, a condiment, and a chemica …
turn1. To cause to move upon a center, or as if upon a center; to give circular motion to; to cause to revolve; to cause to move round, either partially, wholly, or repeatedly; to make to change position so as to present other sides in given directions; to make to face otherwise; as, to turn a wheel or a spindle; to turn the body or the head. 'Turn the …
turn down ratioThe lowest load at which a boiler will operate efficiently as compared to the boiler's maximum design load. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
turn of logsA group of logs yarded at the same time by the same machine. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
turner syndrome<radiology> 45 XO female (or mosaic XO/XX), short stature, delayed skeletal maturation, osteoporosis, short 4th and 5th metacarpals, broad, shield chest, cardiovascular anomalies: present in 20%, 70% are coarctation, ovarian dysgenesis, kidneys: horseshoe kidney, bifid renal pelvis, cystic hygroma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
turner-kieser syndrome<syndrome> See nail-patella syndrome (turner in 1933 described two families with the disease. The name turner is more closely associated with the xo syndrome). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Turner, George Grey<person> English surgeon, 1877-1951. ... See: Grey Turner's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Turner, Henry<person> U.S. Endocrinologist, 1892-1970. ... See: Turner's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Turner, Joseph<person> English dentist, +1955. ... See: Turner's tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Turner, Sir William<person> English anatomist, 1832-1916. ... See: intraparietal sulcus of Turner, Turner's sulcus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Turner's sulcusSynonym for intraparietal sulcus ... A horizontal sulcus extending back from the postcentral sulcus over some distance, then dividing perpendicularly into two branches so as to form, with the postcentral sulcus, a figure H. It divides the parietal lobe into superior and inferior parietal lobules. ... Synonym: sulcus intraparietalis, interparietal sul …
Turner's syndrome<syndrome> A rare genetic disorder (1 in 3,000 births) in women that is characterised by the absence of an X chromosome. This disorder inhibits normal sexual development and causes infertility. ... Features include webbing of the neck, short stature, retarded development of secondary sex characteristics, absence of menses, coarctation of the a …
Turner's toothEnamel hypoplasia involving a solitary permanent tooth; related to infection in the primary tooth that preceded it or to trauma during odontogenesis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turnip<botany> The edible, fleshy, roundish, or somewhat conical, root of a cruciferous plant (Brassica campestris, var. Napus); also, the plant itself. ... <botany> [Formerly written also turnep] Swedish turnip The turnip flea. A two-winged fly (Anthomyia radicum) whose larvae live in the turnip root. ... Origin: OE. Turnep; probably fr. Turn, …
turnix<ornithology> Any one of numerous species of birds belonging to Turnix or Hemipodius and allied genera of the family Turnicidae. These birds resemble quails and partridges in general appearance and in some of their habits, but differ in important anatomical characteristics. The hind toe is usually lacking. They are found in Asia, Africa, Sout …
turnkey systemA system which is built, engineered, and installed to the point of readiness for operation by the owner. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
turnoverThe movement of something into, through and out of a place, the rate at which a thing is depleted and replaced. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
turnover flapA hinged flap that is turned over 180°, usually to receive a second (covering) flap. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turnover number<biochemistry, pharmacology> Equivalent to Vmax, being the number of substrate molecules converted to product by one molecule of enzyme in unit time, when the substrate is saturating. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
turnpike1. A frame consisting of two bars crossing each other at right angles and turning on a post or pin, to hinder the passage of beasts, but admitting a person to pass between the arms; a turnstile. See Turnstile. 'I move upon my axle like a turnpike.' (B. Jonson) ... 2. A gate or bar set across a road to stop carriages, animals, and sometimes people, t …
turnsole1. <botany> A plant of the genus Heliotropium; heliotrope; so named because its flowers are supposed to turn toward the sun. The sunflower. ... A kind of spurge (Euphorbia Helioscopia). ... The euphorbiaceous plant Chrozophora tinctoria. ... 2. <chemistry> Litmus. A purple dye obtained from the plant turnsole. See def. 1 . ... Origin: F. To …
turnstone<ornithology> Any species of limicoline birds of the genera Strepsilas and Arenaria, allied to the plovers, especially the common American and European species (Strepsilas interpres). They are so called from their habit of turning up small stones in search of mollusks and other aquatic animals. Called also brant bird, sand runner, sea quail, …
turnus<zoology> A common, large, handsome, American swallowtail butterfly, now regarded as one of the forms of Papilio, or Jasoniades, glaucus. The wings are yellow, margined and barred with black, and with an orange-red spot near the posterior angle of the hind wings. Called also tiger swallowtail. ... Origin: NL, fr. L. Turnus, the king of the Rut …
TURPSynonym for transurethral prostatectomy ... <procedure, surgery> The surgical removal of the prostate gland. Transurethral prostatectomy, is performed through the urethral canal of the penis. ... Acronym: TURP ... (19 Jan 1998) ...
turpentine enemaAn enema of turpentine and olive oil in soapsuds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
turpentine oilA volatile oil, distilled from turpentine, that has been used as a diuretic, carminative, vermifuge, expectorant, rubefacient, and counterirritant. ... Synonym: oleum terebinthinae, turpentine spirit. ... Rectified turpentine oil, obtained by treating turpentine oil with sodium hydroxide, and redistilling; used externally as a counterirritant. ... (05 …
turpentine poisoningPoisoning from oil of turpentine; symptoms include haematuria, albuminuria, and coma; the urine may have an odour of violets. ... Synonym: terebinthinism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
