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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

truffle
Any one of several kinds of roundish, subterranean fungi, usually of a blackish colour. The French truffle (Tuber melanosporum) and the English truffle (T. Aestivum) are much esteemed as articles of food. ... <zoology> Truffle worm, the larva of a fly of the genus Leiodes, injurious to truffles. ... Origin: OF. Trufle, F. Truffe; akin to Sp. Tr …

trummerfeld scurvy zone
<radiology> Lucent band in metaphysis beneath white line of Frankel, seen in scurvy ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

trumpet
1. A wind instrument of great antiquity, much used in war and military exercises, and of great value in the orchestra. In consists of a long metallic tube, curved (once or twice) into a convenient shape, and ending in a bell. Its scale in the lower octaves is limited to the first natural harmonics; but there are modern trumpets capable, by means of …

trumpet sign
<radiology> Enlargement of the nerve root secondary to oedema, seen in disc herniation (HNP) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

trumpeter
1. One who sounds a trumpet. ... 2. One who proclaims, publishes, or denounces. 'These men are good trumpeters.' (Bacon) ... 3. <ornithology> Any one of several species of long-legged South American birds of the genus Psophia, especially P. Crepitans, which is abundant, and often domesticated and kept with other poultry by the natives. They are …

truncal
Relating to the trunk of the body or to any arterial or nerve trunk, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncate
To cut off or to appear to have been cut off. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

truncate ascertainment
Synonym for incomplete ascertainment ... Method of locating affected individuals in which probability of locating any specific patient has a known value between 0 and 1. ... Synonym: truncate ascertainment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncated
1. Cut off; cut short; maimed. ... 2. <chemical> Replaced, or cut off, by a plane, especially when equally inclined to the adjoining faces; as, a truncated edge. ... 3. <zoology> Lacking the apex; said of certain spiral shells in which the apex naturally drops off. ... <geometry> Truncated cone or pyramid, a cone or pyramid whose ver …

truncheon
1. A short staff, a club; a cudgel; a shaft of a spear. 'With his truncheon he so rudely struck.' (Spenser) ... 2. A baton, or military staff of command. 'The marshal's truncheon nor the judges robe.' (Shak) ... 3. A stout stem, as of a tree, with the branches lopped off, to produce rapid growth. ... Origin: OE. Tronchoun the shaft of a broken spear, …

trunci intestinales
Synonym for intestinal trunks ... The vessels conveying lymph from the lower part of the liver, the stomach, spleen, pancreas, and small intestine; they discharge into the cisterna chyli and are sometimes duplicated. ... Synonym: trunci intestinales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trunci lumbales
Synonym for lumbar trunks ... Two lymphatic ducts conveying lymph from the lower limbs, pelvic viscera and walls, large intestine, kidneys, and suprarenal glands; they discharge into the cisterna chyli. ... Synonym: trunci lumbales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trunci plexus brachialis
Synonym for trunks of brachial plexus ... The superior, middle, and inferior trunks; they divide distally to form the cords (fasciculi) of the plexus. ... Synonym: trunci plexus brachialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus arteriosus
<radiology> Right aortic arch (30-50%), VSD always immediately beneaath common truncal valve, waterfall or hilar comma sign (types II and III) TYPE, I short main pulmonary artery arises from left post-lat aspect, II pulmonary arteries arise separately from left post-lat aspect, III each pulmonary artery arises from lateral aspects, IV pulmona …

truncus arteriosus communis
Synonym for truncus arteriosus ... <radiology> Right aortic arch (30-50%), VSD always immediately beneaath common truncal valve, waterfall or hilar comma sign (types II and III) TYPE, I short main pulmonary artery arises from left post-lat aspect, II pulmonary arteries arise separately from left post-lat aspect, III each pulmonary artery arise …

truncus arteriosus, persistent
A congenital anomaly resulting from the failure of the aorticopulmonary system to develop and divide the truncus arteriosus into the aorta and the pulmonary trunk. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

truncus brachiocephalicus
Synonym for brachiocephalic trunk ... The first and largest artery branching from the aortic arch. It distributes blood to the right side of the head and neck and to the right arm. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

truncus bronchiomediastinalis
Synonym for bronchomediastinal trunk ... A lymphatic vessel arising from the union of the efferent lymphatics from the tracheo-bronchial and mediastinal nodes on either side. On the left side, it may be largely replaced by direct drainage into the thoracic duct. ... Synonym: truncus bronchiomediastinalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus coeliacus
Synonym for coeliac trunk ... Origin, abdominal aorta just below diaphragm; branches, left gastric, common hepatic, splenic. ... Synonym: truncus coeliacus, arteria coeliaca, coeliac artery, coeliac axis, Haller's tripod. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus corporis callosi
Synonym for trunk of corpus callosum ... The main arched portion of the corpus callosum. ... Synonym: truncus corporis callosi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus costocervicalis
Synonym for costocervical trunk ... A short artery that arises from the subclavian artery on each side and divides into deep cervical and superior intercostal branches, the latter dividing usually to form the first and second posterior intercostal arteries. ... Synonym: truncus costocervicalis, costocervical artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus inferior plexus brachialis
Synonym for inferior trunk of brachial plexus ... The nerve bundle formed by the union of the ventral rami of the eighth cervical and first thoracic nerves; it provides fibres to the posterior and medial cords (fasciculi) of the brachial plexus. ... Synonym: truncus inferior plexus brachialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus jugularis
Synonym for jugular lymphatic trunk ... Lymphatic vessel on each side, conveying the lymph from the head and neck; that on the right side empties into the right lymphatic duct, that on the left into the thoracic duct. ... Synonym: truncus jugularis, jugular duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus linguofacialis
Synonym for linguofacial trunk ... The common trunk by which the lingual and facial arteries frequently arise from the external carotid artery. ... Synonym: truncus linguofacialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus lumbosacralis
Synonym for lumbosacral trunk ... A large nerve, formed by the union of the fifth lumbar and first sacral nerves, with a branch from the fourth lumbar nerve, which enters into the formation of the sacral plexus. ... Synonym: truncus lumbosacralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus medius plexus brachialis
Synonym for middle trunk of brachial plexus ... The continuation of the ventral ramus of the seventh cervical nerve; it contributes fibres to the posterior and lateral cords (fasciculi) of the brachial plexus. ... Synonym: truncus medius plexus brachialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus pulmonalis
Synonym for pulmonary trunk ... Origin, right ventricle of heart; distribution, it divides into the right pulmonary artery and the left pulmonary artery, which enter the corresponding lungs and branch along with the segmental bronchi. ... Synonym: truncus pulmonalis, arteria pulmonalis, pulmonary artery, venous artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus subclavius
Synonym for subclavian lymphatic trunk ... It is formed by the union of the vessels draining the lymph nodes of either upper limb, emptying into the thoracic duct at the root of the neck on the left or into the right lymphatic duct. ... Synonym: truncus subclavius, subclavian duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus superior plexus brachialis
Synonym for superior trunk of brachial plexus ... The nerve bundle formed by the union of the ventral rami of the fifth and sixth cervical nerves and some fibres from the fourth; it contributes fibres to the posterior and lateral cords (fasciculi) of the brachial plexus. ... Synonym: truncus superior plexus brachialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus sympathicus
Synonym for sympathetic trunk ... One of the two long ganglionated nerve strands alongside the vertebral column that extend from the base of the skull to the coccyx; they are connected to each spinal nerve by gray rami and receive fibres from the spinal cord through white rami connecting with the thoracic and upper lumbar spinal nerves. ... Synonym: …

truncus thyrocervicalis
Synonym for thyrocervical trunk ... A short arterial trunk arising from the subclavian artery, giving rise to the suprascapular (which may instead arise directly from the subclavian artery) and terminating by dividing into the ascending cervical and inferior thyroid arteries. ... Synonym: truncus thyrocervicalis, thyroid axis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus vagalis
Synonym for vagal trunk ... One of the two nerve bundles, anterior and posterior, into which the oesophageal plexus continues as it passes through the diaphragm. ... Synonym: truncus vagalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truncus vs. Transposition
<radiology> May look very similar, increased PBF and cyanosis (admixture), distinguishing feature: aortic arch, right aortic arch in 30% of TA vs. Only 5% of TGV ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Trunecek, Karel
<person> Czechoslovakian physician, *1865. ... See: Trunecek's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trunecek's sign
<clinical sign> Palpable impulse of the subclavian artery near the point of origin of the sternomastoid muscle in cases of aortic sclerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trunk
<botany> The main stem or body of a tree, considered apart from its roots and branches. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

trunk of atrioventricular bundle
The singular initial portion (stem) of the atrioventricular bundle which passes from the atrioventricular node into the right trigone of the fibrous skeleton of the heart and along the periphery of the membranous interventricular septum; upon reaching the muscular interventricular septum, the trunk terminates by dividing into the right and left cru …

trunk of corpus callosum
The main arched portion of the corpus callosum. ... Synonym: truncus corporis callosi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trunks of brachial plexus
The superior, middle, and inferior trunks; they divide distally to form the cords (fasciculi) of the plexus. ... Synonym: trunci plexus brachialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trunnion
1. A cylindrical projection on each side of a piece, whether gun, mortar, or howitzer, serving to support it on the cheeks of the carriage. ... 2. <engineering> A gudgeon on each side of an oscillating steam cylinder, to support it. It is usually tubular, to convey steam. Trunnion plate, a ring on a cannon next before the trunnions. ... Origin: …

trusion
Displacement of a body, e.g., a tooth, from an initial position. ... Origin: L. Trudo, pp. Trusus, to thrust ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

truss
1. A bundle; a package; as, a truss of grass. 'Bearing a truss of trifles at his back.' (Spenser) ... A truss of hay in England is 56 lbs. Of old and 60 lbs. Of new hay; a truss of straw is 36 lbs. ... 2. A padded jacket or dress worn under armor, to protect the body from the effects of friction; also, a part of a woman's dress; a stomacher. 'Puts of …

trusses
Elastic, canvas, or metallic devices for retaining a hernia reduced within the abdominal cavity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

trust
1. Assured resting of the mind on the integrity, veracity, justice, friendship, or other sound principle, of another person; confidence; reliance; reliance. 'O ever-failing trust in mortal strength!' 'Most take things upon trust.' (Locke) ... 2. Credit given; especially, delivery of property or merchandise in reliance upon future payment; exchange w …

trustees
Board members of an institution or organization who are entrusted with the administering of funds and the directing of policy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

truth disclosure
Oral or written communication of the actual facts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

truth serum
Colloquialism for a drug, such as amobarbital sodium or thiopental sodium, intravenously injected for the purpose of eliciting information from the subject under its influence; a misnomer because the subject's revelations may or may not be factually true, and its legal status and use is questionable. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

try
1. To divide or separate, as one sort from another; to winnow; to sift; to pick out; frequently followed by out; as, to try out the wild corn from the good. ... 2. To purify or refine, as metals; to melt out, and procure in a pure state, as oil, tallow, lard, etc. 'The words of the Lord are pure words: as silver tried in a furnace of earth, purified …

try-in
Preliminary insertion of a complete denture wax-up (trial denture), of a partial denture casting, or of a finished restoration to determine the fit, esthetics, maxillomandibular relation, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypan blue
Disease caused by Trypanosoma. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

trypan red
An azo dye formerly used in the treatment of trypanosomiasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trypanicidal
Synonym for trypanocidal ... Destructive to trypanosomes. ... Synonym: trypanicidal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trypanicide
Synonym for trypanocide ... An agent that kills trypanosomes. ... Synonym: trypanicide, trypanosomicide. ... Origin: trypanosome + L. Caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trypanid
Synonym for trypanosomatid ... Common name for a member of the family Trypanosomatidae. ... Synonym: trypanid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trypanocidal
Destructive to trypanosomes. ... Synonym: trypanicidal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trypanocidal agents
Agents destructive to the protozoal organisms belonging to the suborder trypanosmatina. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

trypanocide
An agent that kills trypanosomes. ... Synonym: trypanicide, trypanosomicide. ... Origin: trypanosome + L. Caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanoplasma
A genus of flagellate Protozoa (family Cryptobiidae), the members of which have a body of varying shape, an undulating membrane, and a flagellum projecting from either extremity; parasitic in the blood of fishes. ... Origin: G. Trypanon, auger, + plasma, anything formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosoma
<protozoa> Genus of Protozoa that causes serious infections in humans and domestic animals. African trypanosomes, of the brucei group, are carried by Tsetse flies and, when they enter the bloodstream of the mammalian host go through a complex series of stages. ... Perhaps the most interesting feature is that there are recurrent bouts of parasi …

Trypanosoma avium
A species that occurs in owls, crows, and other birds; various bloodsucking arthropods are the vectors, including mosquitoes, black flies, and hippoboscids; this species was reported under a large number of names now considered to be physiologic strains of the species. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosoma brucei
A species now divided into three subspecies: Trypanosoma brucei brucei, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trypanosoma brucei brucei
A haemoflagellate subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes nagana in domestic and game animals in africa. It apparently does not infect humans. It is transmitted by bites of tsetse flies (glossina). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

trypanosoma brucei gambiense
A haemoflagellate subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes gambian or west african sleeping sickness in humans. The vector host is usually the tsetse fly (glossina). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
A haemoflagellate subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes rhodesian sleeping sickness in humans. It is carried by glossina pallidipes, g. Morsitans and occasionally other species of game-attacking tsetse flies. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

trypanosoma congolense
A species of trypanosome haemoflagellates that is carried by tsetse flies and causes severe anaemia in cattle. These parasites are also found in horses, sheep, goats, and camels. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

trypanosoma cruzi
The agent of south american trypanosomiasis or chagas disease. Its vertebrate hosts are man and various domestic and wild animals. Insects of several species are vectors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Trypanosoma dimorphon
An African species found in horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and dogs, formerly thought to be the same as Trypanosoma congolense but now recognised as a distinct and more pathogenic species in cattle, sheep, and dogs; it is spread by tsetse flies across central Africa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosoma equinum
A species that causes mal de caderas of horses in Central and South America; except for being akinetoplastic, it is transmitted mechanically by bloodsucking flies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosoma equiperdum
A species that causes dourine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosoma escomelis
Synonym for trypanosoma cruzi ... The agent of south american trypanosomiasis or chagas disease. Its vertebrate hosts are man and various domestic and wild animals. Insects of several species are vectors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Trypanosoma evansi
A parasite chiefly of cattle, camels, horses, and dogs, causing surra and murrina; it is transmitted mechanically by tabanid and other bloodsucking flies. ... Synonym: Trypanosoma hippicum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosoma gambiense
Synonym for trypanosoma brucei gambiense ... A haemoflagellate subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes gambian or west african sleeping sickness in humans. The vector host is usually the tsetse fly (glossina). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Trypanosoma hippicum
Synonym for Trypanosoma evansi ... A parasite chiefly of cattle, camels, horses, and dogs, causing surra and murrina; it is transmitted mechanically by tabanid and other bloodsucking flies. ... Synonym: Trypanosoma hippicum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosoma hominis
Synonym for trypanosoma brucei gambiense ... A haemoflagellate subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes gambian or west african sleeping sickness in humans. The vector host is usually the tsetse fly (glossina). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Trypanosoma ignotum
Old name for Trypanosoma simiae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trypanosoma lewisi
A trypanosome found in the blood of adult rats and transmitted by the rat flea. It is generally non-pathogenic in adult rats but can cause lethal infection in suckling rats. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Trypanosoma melophagium
A nonpathogenic species (related to Trypanosoma theileri) found in sheep throughout the world, and probably in goats as well; the vector is Melophagus ovinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosoma rangeli
A species that parasitises a wide variety of mammals, including humans, in South America and is transmitted by the triatomid bugs Rhodnius prolixus and Tiratoma dimidiata, and probably others; it is apparently nonpathogenic but may be pathogenic in the bug host. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Synonym for trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense ... A haemoflagellate subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes rhodesian sleeping sickness in humans. It is carried by glossina pallidipes, g. Morsitans and occasionally other species of game-attacking tsetse flies. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Trypanosoma simiae
A species normally found in warthogs; it is highly pathogenic in pigs and camels, and is transmitted cyclically by tsetse flies and mechanically by bloodsucking flies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosoma suis
A species pathogenic for swine in Africa; it is transmitted by tsetse flies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosoma theileri
A large, relatively nonpathogenic species found in African antelopes and in cattle in many parts of the world; the parasites are spread by bloodsucking tabanid horseflies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosoma triatomae
Synonym for trypanosoma cruzi ... The agent of south american trypanosomiasis or chagas disease. Its vertebrate hosts are man and various domestic and wild animals. Insects of several species are vectors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Trypanosoma ugandense
Synonym for trypanosoma brucei gambiense ... A haemoflagellate subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes gambian or west african sleeping sickness in humans. The vector host is usually the tsetse fly (glossina). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

trypanosoma vivax
An active blood parasite that is present in practically all domestic animals in africa, the west indies, and parts of central and south america. In africa, the insect vector is the tsetse fly. In other countries, infection is by mechanical means indicating that the parasites have been introduced to these countries and have been able to maintain the …

trypanosomatid
Common name for a member of the family Trypanosomatidae. ... Synonym: trypanid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Trypanosomatidae
A protozoan family of haemoflagellates (order Kinetoplastida, class Zoomastigophorea, subphylum Mastigophora); asexual blood and/or tissue parasites of leeches, insects, and vertebrates and sap inhabitants of plants, characterised by a rounded or elongate form, a single nucleus, elongate mitochondrion (its position in relation to the nucleus is a c …

trypanosomatina
A suborder of monoflagellate parasitic protozoa that lives in the blood and tissues of man and animals. Representative genera include: blastocrithidia, leptomonas, crithidia, herpetomonas, leishmania, phytomonas, and trypanosoma. Species of this suborder may exist in two or more morphologic stages formerly named after genera exemplifying these form …

trypanosome
<cell biology> A type of parasitic protozoan which can cause a number of serious diseases in people and domestic animals, including African sleeping sickness and leishmaniasis. The trypanosome is able to remain within a host's body for a very long time because it regularly changes the proteins (i.e. Antigens) on its outer surface, so that the …

trypanosome fever
The febrile stage of sleeping sickness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trypanosome stage
Synonym for trypomastigote ... Term to replace the older term, 'trypanosome stage,' which was often confused with the flagellate genus Trypanosoma. It denotes the stage (infective stage for South American trypanosomiasis and African trypanosomiasis, and the only stage found in man in the latter illness) in which the flagellum arises from a posterior …

trypanosomiasis
<disease, microbiology> A parasitic disease caused by the American strain, Trypanosoma cruzi. Chagas disease is usually transmitted by the bite of the kissing bug, but may also follow breast feeding (to infants) and blood transfusion. ... Although much more common in South America, it does, on rare occasions, occur in the U.S. A nodular swelli …

trypanosomiasis, african
A disease endemic among people and animals in central africa. It is caused by various species of trypanosomes, particularly t. Gambiense and t. Rhodesiense. Its second host is the tsetse fly. Involvement of the central nervous system produces 'african sleeping sickness.' nagana is a rapidly fatal trypanosomiasis of horses and other animals. ... (12 …

trypanosomiasis, bovine
Infection in cattle caused by various species of trypanosomes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

trypanosomic
Relating to trypanosomes, especially denoting infection by such organisms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trypanosomicide
Synonym for trypanocide ... An agent that kills trypanosomes. ... Synonym: trypanicide, trypanosomicide. ... Origin: trypanosome + L. Caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trypanosomid
A skin lesion resulting from immunologic changes from trypanosome disease. ... Origin: trypanosome + G. -id ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trypanothione synthetase
<enzyme> Catalyses the synthesis of n(1)- and n(8)-glutathionylspermidine and trypanothione from ATP/mg, glutathione, and spermidine; purified from crithidia fasciculata; member of ATP-dependent class of ligases forming an amide linkage ... Registry number: EC 6.3.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

tryparsamide
Sodium N-carbamylmethyl-p-aminobenzenearsonate;used in the treatment of trypanosomic and spirochetal infections, especially neurosyphilis, and the late stages of African sleeping sickness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

trypomastigote
Term to replace the older term, 'trypanosome stage,' which was often confused with the flagellate genus Trypanosoma. It denotes the stage (infective stage for South American trypanosomiasis and African trypanosomiasis, and the only stage found in man in the latter illness) in which the flagellum arises from a posteriorly located kinetoplast and eme …