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TSO - Print glossary Category: General technical and industrial > Printing Date & country: 25/11/2007, UK Words: 579

Make-ready
2. Paper used in the make-ready process at any stage in production. Make-ready paper is part of waste or spoilage.

Making Order
Order for paper that a mill makes to the customer's specifications, as compared to a mill order or stock order.

Male Die
Die that applies pressure during embossing or debossing. Also called force card.

Management Information System (MIS)
This is a computer system, linked to external production equipment and data capture/input devices for the purpose of gathering, collating and allowing for the analysis of production-related information.

Manuscript (MS)
An author's original form of work (hand written, typed or on disk) submitted for publication.

Margin
White space around the edge of the printed material.

Mark-Up
Instructions to a typesetter or printer, written usually on a 'dummy.'

Marshalled List
Generic term used to describe a Marshalled List of Amendments to be used in the sitting of a Committee in the House of Lords. A Marshalled List will contain all amendments to a particular bill submitted up to and including the point of publication to a specific (pre-defined) order. Printed on Sovereign Wove.

Marshalling Order
The specific (pre-defined) order which a Committee (Lords or Commons) will consider the Clause and Schedules and, thus the amendments, of a Bill. This is usually affected by the contentiousness of particular Clauses and or Schedules.

Mask
To prevent light from reaching part of an image, therefore isolating the remaining part. Also called knock out.

Master
1. Paper or plastic plate used on a duplicating press.

Match Print
A form of a four-colour-process proofing system.

Matte Finish
Flat (not glossy) finish on photographic paper or coated printing paper.

Mechanical
Camera-ready assembly of type, graphic and other copy complete with instructions to the printer. A hard mechanical consists of paper and/or acetate, is made using paste-up techniques, and may also be called an artboard, board or paste-up. A soft mechanical, also called an electronic mechanical, exists as a file of type and other images assembled using a computer.

Mechanical Bind
To bind using a comb, coil, ring binder, post or any other technique not requiring gluing, sewing or stitching.

Mechanical Tint
Lines or patterns formed with dots creating artwork for reproduction.

Members
Generic term used to refer to MPs.

Metallic Ink
Ink containing powdered metal or pigments that simulate metal.

Metallic Paper
Paper coated with a thin film of plastic or pigment whose colour and gloss simulate metal.

Midtones
In a photograph or illustration, tones created by dots between 30 percent and 70 percent of coverage, as compared to highlights and shadows.

Misting
Phenomenon of droplets of ink being thrown off the roller train. Also called flying ink.

Mock Up
A reproduction of the original printed matter and possibly containing instructions or direction.

Mottle
Spotty, uneven ink absorption. Also called sinkage or mealy.

Mull
A specific type of glue used for books binding and personal pads needing strength.

Muller
Generic term used to refer to the 15-station muller-martini gathering line in the finishing department.

Multicolour Printing
Printing in more than one ink colour (but not four-colour process). Also called polychrome printing.

National Audit Office (NAO)
1. The government department responsible for the auditing of all official bodies accounts.

Natural Colour
Very light brown colour of paper. Also called antique, cream, ivory, off-white or mellow white.

Neutral Grey
Grey with no hue or cast.

News Print
Paper used in printing newspapers. Considered low quality and 'a short life use.'

Newton Ring
Flaw in a photograph or halftone that looks like a drop of oil or water.

Nipping
In the book binding process, a stage where air is expelled from it's contents at the sewing stage.

Non-conformance
The internal process at Parliamentary Press for investigating and remedying quality failures which are trapped internally and do not reach the client.

Non-Effective Orders
Generic term used to refer to the Future Business part of the House of Commons Order Paper (Daily). This breaks down into sections A, B, C and D. Printed on sovereign wove and forms part of the Vote Bundle. Also called Future Business.

Non-Sitting Friday
A number of Fridays in the Parliamentary calendar when the House do not attend so they can pay attention to constituency matters.

Océ
Generic term used to refer to the digital printing department which houses all Océ digital printing machines.

Océ Web
Generic term used to refer to the complete reel-fed Océ printing line.

On Demand
The process whereby clients can order any TSO publication and have it printed and posted out to them within 24 hours. This whole operation is carried out in the Océ Digital Printing Department. A typical day's requirement could range between 200 and 500 totally individual publications for the same amount of individual clients. Also referred to as Print On Demand or PoD.

Opacity
1. Characteristic of paper or other substrate that prevents printing on one side from showing through the other side.

Orphan
First line of a longer paragraph that prints as the last line of text on the page.

Outer form
Form (side of a press sheet) containing images for the first and last pages of the folded signature (its outside pages) as compared to inner form.

Outline Halftone
Halftone in which background has been removed or replaced to isolate or silhouette the main image. Also called knockout halftone and silhouette halftone.

Outwork
Work or services that are performed by an outside contractor or service provider.

Overlay Proof
Colour proof consisting of polyester sheets laid on top of each other with their image in register, as compared to integral proof. Each sheet represents the image to be printed in one colour. Also called celluloid proof and layered proof.

Overprint
To print one image over a previously printed image, such as printing type over a screen tint. Also called surprint.

Overs
Non-waste copies which, at the end of a production run, are additional to the quantity required.

Page
One side of a leaf in a publication.

Page Count
Total number of pages that a publication has. Also called extent.

Page Proof
Proof of type and graphics as they will look on the finished page complete with elements such as headings, rules and folios.

Pagination
1. In the bookwork field, the numbering of pages.

Painted Sheet
Sheet printed with ink edge to edge, as compared to spot colour. The painted sheet refers to the final product, not the press sheet, and means that 100 percent coverage results from bleeds off all four sides.

Paper Plate
A printing plate made of strong and durable paper in the short run offset arena (cost effective with short runs).

Paper Requisition Form
Form used to calculate and subsequently order the stock for a printed job.

Parent Sheet
Any sheet larger than 11' x 17' or A3.

Parliamentary Liaison Office (PLO)
The TSO office sited at Derby Gate, Whitehall who are the initial point of contact with Westminster clients on day-to-day management of the Westminster contract.

Parly Stock
Paper kept in stock by Parliamentary Press and suitable for a variety of printing jobs. Also called house sheet or floor sheet.

PDF
Portable Document Format. Developed by Adobe PDF is the open de facto standard for electronic document distribution worldwide. PDF is a universal file format that preserves all of the fonts, formatting, colours, and graphics of any source document, regardless of the application and platform used to create it. PDF files are compact and can be shared, viewed, navigated, and printed exactly as intended by anyone with a free Adobe Acrobat Reader. The Agfa Apogee system used to drive the Galileo Platesetters at the press utilise PDF as the file format within the workflow.

Perf Marks
On a 'dummy' marking where the perforation is to occur.

Perfect Bind
To bind sheets that have been ground at the spine and are held to the cover by glue. Also called adhesive bind, cut-back bind, glue bind, paper bind, patent bind, perfecting bind, soft bind and soft cover.

Perfecting Press
Press capable of printing both sides of the paper during a single pass. Also called duplex press and perfector.

Personalisation
The process whereby printed documents/publications are adapted to include personalised details specific to individual clients. A key area of digital production within the Oce Department.

Petams
A company specialising in case binding who we outsource to when products require binding of this nature. Bound Volumes are an example of products finished this way.

Pica
A unit of measure in the printing industry. A pica is approximately 0.166 in. There are 12 points to a pica.

Piling
A printing problem caused by the accumulation of paper fibres (called lint), pieces of detached coating particles or other paper debris on the printing plate or blanket.

Pin Register
Technique of registering separations, flats and printing plates by using small holes, all of equal diameter, at the edges of both flats and plates.

Pinholing
Small holes (unwanted) in printed areas because of a variety of reasons.

Pixel
Short for picture element, a dot made by a computer, scanner or other digital device. Also called pel.

Planographic Printing
Printing method whose image carriers are level surfaces with inked areas separated from non-inked areas by chemical means. Planographic printing includes lithography, offset lithography and spirit duplicating.

Plate
Piece of paper, metal, plastic or rubber carrying an image to be reproduced using a printing press.

Plate-ready Film
Stripped negatives or positives fully prepared for platemaking.

Platesetter
Part of a Computer-to-Plate system. The Galileos are Platesetters.

PMS
Obsolete reference to Pantone Matching System. The correct trade name of the colours in the Pantone Matching System is Pantone colours, not PMS Colours.

Point
1. Regarding paper, a unit of thickness equating 1/1000 inch.

Pony
Generic term used to describe the perfect-binding line in the finishing department.

Portrait
An art design in which the height is greater than the width. (Opposite of Landscape.)

Positive Film
Film that prevents light from passing through images, as compared to negative film that allows light to pass through. *Also called knockout film. *

Post Bind
To bind using a screw and post inserted through a hole in a pile of loose sheets.

Postscript
A now out-moded page definition language, used to electronically store a text page and all its elements.

Prepress
1. Generic term used to describe any process which is carried out on a product prior to it going onto press (litho or digital).

Preprint
To print portions of sheets that will be used for later over printing.

Preps
Widely used imposition software used extensively by Parliamentary Press as part of its digital workflow.

Preps Sheet
An internal document used to list the electronic files, in job order, for incorporation into a Preps imposition plan.

Press Time
1. Amount of time that one printing job spends on press, including time required for make-ready.

Price Break
Quantity at which unit cost of paper or printing drops.

Print On Demand (PoD)
The process whereby clients can order any TSO publication and have it printed and posted out to them within 24 hours. This whole operation is carried out in the Oce Digital Printing Department. A typical day's requirement could range between 200 and 500 totally individual publications for the same amount of individual clients. Generically referred to as simply On Demand.

Printed Paper Office (PPO)
Office within the House of Commons handling the distribution of published material within the House.

Printer Pairs
Usually in the bookwork field, consecutive pages as they appear on a flat or signature.

Printer Spreads
Mechanicals made so they are imposed for printing, as compared to reader spreads.

Printing
Any process that transfers to paper or another substrate an image from an original such as a film negative or positive, electronic memory, stencil, die or plate.

Printing Plate
Surface carrying an image to be printed. In the litho process at Parliamentary Press an aluminium-based plate with a light-sensitive emulsion coating.

Printing Unit
Assembly of fountain, rollers and cylinders that will print one ink colour. Also called colour station, deck, ink station, printer, station and tower.

Private Business
Part of the Vote Bundle consisting of an agenda for non-government or opposition matters. Any MP can apply to table private business. Printed on Sovereign Wove (within the Order Paper) when appearing for that day's business and on blue when it is for business on future dates.

Process Colour (Inks)
The colours used for four-colour process printing: yellow, magenta, cyan and black.

Production Run
Press run intended to manufacture products as specified, as compared to make-ready.

Proof
Test sheet made to reveal errors or flaws, predict results on press and record how a printing job is intended to appear when finished.

Proofreaders Marks
BSI standard symbols and abbreviations used to mark up manuscripts and proofs.

Proofreading
The process by which a galley proof is compared to the customer's copy and the style copy for accuracy before being presented to the client.

Public and General Acts (P & Acts)
An HMSO publication containing all the Acts for a parliamentary year published sequentially in order of Royal Assent within one publication.

Public Bill List
Part of the Vote Bundle consisting of a list of all Bills currently in progress and what stage they have reached. Appearing once a week, on a Friday and printing of Sovereign Wove.

Public Bill Office (PBO)
The office within both Houses of Parliament dealing with the production of Bills for their relevant House.