Copy of `TSO - Print glossary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

TSO - Print glossary Category: General technical and industrial > Printing Date & country: 25/11/2007, UK Words: 579

Customer Copy
The data (text, images etc), which form the content of a publication as presented to the press for production. Customer Copy may be supplied in manuscript, hard copy or electronic formats. Also called copy and Author's Copy.

Customer Service Executive (CSE)
Member of the Planning team who co-ordinates projects and keeps customers informed.

Cut Sheet
Generic name given to the OCE 4040 cut sheet digital press.

Cut Sizes
Paper sizes used with office machines and small presses.

Cut-off
Circumference of the impression cylinder of a web press, therefore also the length of the printed sheet that the press cuts from the roll of paper.

Cutting Die
Usually a custom ordered item to trim specific and unusual sized printing projects.

Cutting Machine
A machine that cuts stacks of paper to desired sizes. The machine can also be used in scoring or creasing.

Cyan
One of the four process colours. Also called process blue.

Daily
Generic term for the House of Commons Order Paper, the first (top) section of the Vote Bundle which details the day's business within the House of Commons. Printed on Sovereign Wove, Bench Copies will also be produced.

Darby Daily
Generic term used to refer to the work list of jobs for production in order of progress by Eric Darby, Planning Manager.

Data Compression
Technique of reducing the amount of storage required to hold a digital file and allow it to be processed or transmitted more quickly.

Deboss
To press an image into paper so it lies below the surface. Also called tool.

Deckle Edge
Edge of paper left ragged as it comes from the papermaking machine instead of being cleanly cut. Also called featheredge.

Deferred Divisions
1. Divisions within the House of Commons which do not take place at the time of the relevant debate.

Densitometer
Instrument used to measure density. Reflection densitometers measure light reflected from paper and other surfaces; transmission densitometers measure light transmitted through film and other materials.

Density
1. Regarding ink, the relative thickness of a layer of printed ink.

Desktop Publishing (DTP)
Technique of using a personal computer to design images and pages, and assemble type and graphics, then using a laser printer or imagesetter to output the assembled pages onto paper, film or printing plate.

Despatch
1. The act and process of sending out finished products from the factor to clients.

Despatch Note
Triplicate paperwork completed for the despatch and delivery of finished products to the client. The signed copies of these are kept with the job bag as Proof of Delivery.

Device Independent Colours
Hues identified by wavelength or by their place in systems such as developed by CIE. 'Device independent' means a colour can be described and specified without regard to whether it is reproduced using ink, projected light, photographic chemistry or any other method.

Die
Device for cutting, scoring, stamping, embossing and debossing.

Die Cut
To cut irregular shapes in paper or paperboard using a die.

Digistitcher
An in-line saddle-stitching device connected to the Oce 8090 digital web line. Is capable of saddle-stitching 8pp booklets through to 96pp booklets. Pre-printed covers can also be fed onto the publications if required.

Digital Dot
Dot created by a computer and printed out by a laser printer or imagesetter. Digital dots are uniform in size, as compared to halftone dots that vary in size.

Direct Digital Colour Proof (DDCP)
Colour proof made by a laser, ink jet printer or other computer-controlled device without needing to make separation films first.

DL
ISO envelope size 110 x 220mm for 1/3 folded A4 letter.

Dog Ear
A letter fold at the side of one of the creases, an indentation occurs.

Dot Gain
Phenomenon of halftone dots printing larger on paper than they are on films or plates, reducing detail and lowering contrast. Also called dot growth, dot spread and press gain and Tone Value Increase.

Dot Size
Relative size of halftone dots as compared to dots of the screen ruling being used. There is no unit of measurement to express dot size. Dots are too large, too small or correct only in comparison to what the viewer finds attractive.

Dots-per-inch (dpi)
Measure of resolution of input devices such as scanners, display devices such as monitors, and output devices such as laser printers, imagesetters and monitors. Abbreviated DPI. Also called dot pitch.

Double Bump
To print a single image twice so it has two layers of ink.

Double Burn
To expose film or a plate twice to different negatives and thus create a composite image.

Double Density
A method of recording electronically (disk, CD, floppy) using a modified frequency to allow more data storage.

Double Dressing
The process by which a stack of paper is cut on a guillotine whereby a second, opposing cut is made to the same edge of the stack in order to make a neater presentation of finished work.

Doubling
Printing defect appearing as blurring or shadowing of the image. Doubling may be caused by problems with paper, cylinder alignment, blanket pressures or dirty cylinders.

Drawdown
Sample of inks specified for a job applied to the substrate specified for a job. Also called pulldown.

Drill
To drill a hole in a printed matter.

Drop Stacker
A delivery device attached to the Oce 8090 digital web line. This device allows single sheet publications such as 2pp or 4pp to be stored as a work pile. The pile is ejected when the required print run is achieved.

Dropout
Halftone dots or fine lines eliminated from highlights by overexposure during camera work.

Dry Back
Phenomenon of printed ink colours becoming less dense as the ink dries.

Dry Offset
Using metal plates in the printing process, which are etched to .15mm (.0006 in) creating a right reading plate, printed on the offset blanket transferring to paper without the use of water.

Dual Copyright
A publication which shares copyright between both Houses of Parliament.

Dual-purpose Bond Paper
Bond paper suitable for printing by either lithography (offset) or xerography (photocopy).

Dull Finish
Flat (not glossy) finish on coated paper; slightly smoother than matte. Also called suede finish, velour finish and velvet finish.

Dummy
Simulation of the final product. Also called mock-up.

Duotone
Black-and-white photograph reproduced using two halftone negatives, each shot to emphasize different tonal values in the original.

Duplex Paper
Thick paper made by pasting together two thinner sheets, usually of different colours. Also called double-faced paper and two-tone paper.

Dust Jacket
The loose (usually paper) wrap around a publication, designed to protect the main book from damage. Dust Jackets have come to be decorative finishes for many publications.

Early Day Motions (EDMs)
Generic term for the Notices of Motions, a publication which forms part of the Vote Bundle and prints on blue stock. The EDMs are typeset by TSO staff at the FM Unit within the House of Commons and arrive at Parliamentary Press as PDF pages for printing.

Editorial Supervisor of the Vote
The employee of the Vote Office, House of Commons with ultimate veto as to the content of the Vote Bundle.

Electronic Image Assembly (EIA)
Assembly of a composite image from portions of other images and/or other page elements using a computer.

Electronic Publishing
Publishing via output on internet, computer bulletin board or other electronic medium, as compared to output on paper.

Electronic Services
The department within Parliamentary Press responsible for the maintenance and population of the Houses of Parliament websites and other commercial electronic publishing activity.

Emboss
To press an image into paper so it lies above the surface. Also called cameo and tool.

En (nut)
A unit of space or type measurement in typesetting and printing. An en or nut is equivalent to half an em space measured on width, e.g. in 10pt an en is 10 points high by 5 points wide.

Encapsulated PostScript File (EPS)
An image format (usually Vector) that is generally used for the placing of illustrations into Page Make-up packages.

End Board
A piece of plywood or hardboard, the size of a printed section placed at the front and back of a bundle so the straps do not damage the outermost printed sections.

End Sheet
Sheet that attaches the inside pages of a case bound book to its cover. Also called pastedown or end papers.

English Finish
Smooth finish on uncoated book paper; smoother than eggshell, rougher than smooth.

Engraving
Printing method using a plate, also called a die, with an image cut into its surface.

Estimator
The individual performing or creating the 'estimate.'

Etch
To use chemicals to carve an image into metal, glass or film.

Extent
Term used to refer to the total pagination of a document.

Face
1. Edge of a bound publication opposite the spine. Also called foredge.

Fake Duotone
Halftone in one ink colour printed over screen tint of a second ink colour. Also called dummy duotone, duograph, duplex halftone, false duotone, flat tint halftone and halftone with screen and sometimes a colorized tiff.

Fast Colour Inks
The process whereby an individual feeds folded sections into the boxes (or hoppers) of a finishing line for binding.

Feeding Unit
Component of a printing press that moves paper into the register unit.

Felt Finish
Soft woven pattern in text paper.

Felt Side
Side of the paper that was not in contact with the Fourdrinier wire during papermaking, as compared to wire side.

Fifth Colour
Ink colour used in addition to the four needed by four-colour process.

File Copy(ies)
2. The copy(ies) of a publication sent directly to a buyer or customer which have been studiously checked for all QA matters, i.e. perfect copies.

Fine Screen
Screen with ruling of 150 lines per inch (80 lines per centimetre) or more.

Finish
1. Surface characteristics of paper.

Finished Size
Size of product after production is completed, as compared to flat size. Also called trimmed size.

Fit
Refers to ability of film to be registered during stripping and assembly. Good fit means that all images register to other film for the same job.

Fixed Costs
Costs that remain the same regardless of how many pieces are printed. Copyrighting, photography and design are fixed costs.

Flat Back Binding
Perfect- or thread-sewn binding whereby the back of the back is square (as opposed to bowed) once the cover has been drawn on.

Flat Colour
1. Any colour created by printing only one ink, as compared to a colour created by printing four-colour process. Also called block colour and spot colour.

Flat Plan (Flats)
Diagram of the flats for a publication showing imposition and indicating colours.

Flat Size
Size of product after printing and trimming, but before folding, as compared to finished size.

Flexography (Flexo)
Method of printing on a web press using rubber or plastic plates with raised images. Also called aniline printing because flexographic inks originally used aniline dyes.

Flood
To print a sheet completely with an ink or varnish. Also called painting the sheet.

Flush Cover
Cover trimmed to the same size as inside pages, as compared to overhang cover. Also called cut flush.

Flyleaf
Leaf, at the front and back of a casebound book that is the one side of the end paper not glued to the case.

FM Unit (Facilities Management)
The TSO-managed data input unit within the House of Commons producing the Vote Bundle origination.

Foil Emboss
To foil stamp and emboss an image. Also called heat stamp.

Foil Stamp
Method of printing that releases foil from its backing when stamped with the heated die. Also called block print, hot foil stamp and stamp.

Fold Marks
With printed matter, markings indicating where a fold is to occur, usually located at the top edges.

Folder
A bindery machine dedicated to folding printed materials.

Folio (page number)
The actual page number in a publication.

For Position Only (FPO)
Refers to inexpensive copies of photos or art used on mechanical to indicate placement and scaling, but not intended for reproduction.

Foredge
The outermost (furthest from the spine) margin of a page. The foredge is where a book will be gripped by the reader.

Form bond
Lightweight bond, easy to perforate, made for business forms. *Also called register bond. *

Form Roller(s)
Roller(s) that come in contact with the printing plate, bringing it ink or water.

Format
In the Miles typesetting system an identified, grouped series of codes which produce a desired effect of style, enabling many operators to work on one job.

Forme
Each side of a signature.

Forwarding
In the case bookwork field, the binding process which involves folding, rounding, backing, headbanding and reinforcing.

Fountain
Trough or container, on a printing press, that holds fluids such as ink, varnish or water. Also called duct.

Fountain Solution
Mixture of water and chemicals that dampens a printing plate to prevent ink from adhering to the non-image area. Also called dampener solution.

Four-colour Process Printing
Technique of printing that uses black, magenta, cyan and yellow to simulate full-colour images. Also called colour process printing, full colour printing and process printing.