Encyclo - Botany - Flower terms

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Botany - Flower terms
Category: Animals and Nature > Botany
Date & country: 09/09/2007, USA.
Words: 2228

Irish Heath
(Daboecia) This group consists of only two evergreen shrubs from western Europe and the Azores. This group belongs to the Heath family and is related to the group, Erica. These shrubs are commonly known as Irish Heath and St. Daboec's Heath. D. cantabrica is a hardy, erect-growing shrub that can reach a height of up to 2 feet. Its thin stems are covered with small ovate or oblong, dark green leaves that are white beneath. Long spikes of rosy purple, bell-shaped flowers are borne from early summeâ€¦

Iron Bark
(Eucalyptus) This group consists of more than 400, quick-growing, tender, evergreen trees and some shrubs native to Tasmania and Australia. These unique trees can grow to giganticproportions; some species can reach heights over 400 feet in their native habitats and up to 200 feet in California. Eucalyptus trees, also popularly known as Gum trees because some species exude a gum, are fragrant and normally pest-resistant. These trees have leathery, smooth, lance-shaped leaves, which have a more roâ€¦

Ironbark
(Eucalyptus) This group consists of more than 400, quick-growing, tender, evergreen trees and some shrubs native to Tasmania and Australia. These unique trees can grow to giganticproportions; some species can reach heights over 400 feet in their native habitats and up to 200 feet in California. Eucalyptus trees, also popularly known as Gum trees because some species exude a gum, are fragrant and normally pest-resistant. These trees have leathery, smooth, lance-shaped leaves, which have a more roâ€¦

Ironwood
(Carpinus) Carpinus is the botanical name for a group of hardy, deciduous (leaf-losing) trees or large shrubs native to Europe, the Himalayas, eastern Asia, and North and Central America. The common names of these trees include Hornbeam, Blue Beech, Water Beech, and Ironwood. These trees range in height from 15 to 80 feet. C. caroliniana grows from 20 to 40 feet high. It has simple leaves arranged alternately on the twigs. They are rounded at the base and taper off into a pointed tip; they grow â€¦

Italian Arum
(Arum) These are hardy and tender plants that grow wild in Europe and Asia. They shouldn't be confused with the Arum Lily (Zantedeschia) or the Water Arum (Calla palustris). These plants are more interesting than pretty. A. italicum grows to 2 feet and has spear-shaped leaves and yellowish-green flower spathes. A. palaestinum grows 18 inches high and produces black-purple spathes. This plant is tender and should be grown in pots in a frost proof greenhouse in the North.â€¦

Ivy Arum
(Scindapsus) This small group consists of twenty tropical, climbing plants native to Southeast Asia. These plants are valued for their large, attractively variegated leaves, which may be heart-shaped or ovate. These plants, commonly known as Amapallo Amarillo, Devil's Ivy, Hunter's Robe, Ivy Arum, Pothos Ivy, and Taro Vine, also produce arum-like flowers with greenish-colored spathes. These plants are excellent for growing in a hanging basket, training up a moss pole or wall, or for draping overâ€¦

Ivy-Leaved Duckweed
(Lemna) These aquatic plants are found all over the world. L. minor, known as Duckweed, is a tiny plant that floats on top of the water. It produces light green leaves, which have only a single root. Duckweed spreads rapidly and if not controlled will become a nuisance. This plant is eaten by fish and waterfowl, which help to keep its rapid growth in check. Duckweed prefers cooler temperatures and may disappear over hot summer months, but return when temperatures cool down again. L. trisulca, Stâ€¦

Ixora
(West Indian Jasmine) This group consists of 400 species of tropical, evergreen trees and shrubs commonly known as West Indian Jasmine. These plants have leathery, 3- to 6-inch long leaves alternately or spirally arranged on the stems. In the summer, large, terminal clusters of tiny, white, yellow, orange, rose, or scarlet flowers are produced.â€¦

Jaca
(Artocarpus) These are tropical trees that grow wild in India and Malaya. In the U.S. they must be grown in a warm greenhouse except in southern Florida, where they may be planted outside. The stems of these plants contain a milky juice. These are handsome plants when grown in large pots or tubs in a greenhouse that has a minimum temperature of 60 degrees. The main kind is A. communis, which can grow about 40 feet high and has giant, deeply lobed leaves. Egg-shaped fruits that are about 6 inchesâ€¦

Jacaranda
(Green Ebony, Sharp-Leaved Jacaranda) This tender tree is a native of South America. J. acutifolia (Green Ebony and Sharp-leaved Jacaranda) is a beautiful, decorative tree growing from 25 to 50 feet tall. This tree can be grown along streets or as lawn ornaments. This tree can only be grown in frost-free climates, or while it is small, in containers indoors. The Jacaranda will develop many trunks unless pruned to have only one while it is young. The pinnate leaves of this tree are feathery-lookiâ€¦

Jack Fruit
(Artocarpus) These are tropical trees that grow wild in India and Malaya. In the U.S. they must be grown in a warm greenhouse except in southern Florida, where they may be planted outside. The stems of these plants contain a milky juice. These are handsome plants when grown in large pots or tubs in a greenhouse that has a minimum temperature of 60 degrees. The main kind is A. communis, which can grow about 40 feet high and has giant, deeply lobed leaves. Egg-shaped fruits that are about 6 inchesâ€¦

Jacob'S Ladder
(Polemonium) This group of perennials and annuals are mostly natives to North America. They grow 1 to 2 feet in height and produce pretty flowers during the spring and summer. P. caeruleum, Jacob's Ladder or Greek Valerian, has medium to bright green leaves that are finely divided into 17 to 27 lance-shaped leaflets. In the summer, thin stems bearing dense, terminal clusters of small, cup-shaped, lavender blue flowers shoot up. This plant looks lovely in herbaceous borders and cottage gardens. Câ€¦

Jamaican Sorrel
(Hibiscis) This is a group of hardy and tender shrubs and annual and perennial plants that come from Asia and tropical East Africa. These plants flourish in sunny positions. Tropical Hibiscus can only grow in climates that are frostless, such as Hawaii, southern California and southern Florida. They can form shrubs up to 30 feet tall. They have evergreen leaves, sometimes marked with cream or rose and bear large, trumpet-shaped flowers that are pink, yellow, scarlet, or crimson in the spring andâ€¦

Jamberry
(Physalis) This is a group of annuals and perennials, which are grown for their fruits and for decoration. They grow wild in Europe, America and Asia and belong to the Potato family, Solanaceae.â€¦

Japanese Cedar
(Cryptomeria) This group consists of only one hardy, evergreen tree originally found in Japan and China. C. japonica (Japanese Cedar) is a large, quick-growing tree that eventually reaches a height ranging from 120 to 150 feet. This tree is broadly columnar with awl shaped leaves that are compactly arranged on the long, thin branchlets. It has reddish-brown, shredding bark, red-colored heartwood, and yellowish sapwood. The wood has the scent of cedar. 'Elegans', a variety of C. japonica, is a goâ€¦

Japanese Keaki Tree
(Zelkova) This group consists of five deciduous trees of which four are natives of Asia; one tree is from Crete. Zelkovas are handsome trees that provide wonderful shade. The small, greenish flowers are unnoticeable and borne on different parts of the tree. Fertile flowers are borne at the top of tree while only male flowers are produced on the lower branches. Z. serrata (Japanese Zelkova or Japanese Keaki Tree) grows from 50 to 80 feet high with either single or multiple trunks. The rough, darkâ€¦

Japanese Pagoda Tree
(Sophora) This is a group of tender and hardy, evergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs. S. japonica, the Chinese Scholar Tree or Japanese Pagoda Tree, is a native of China. This handsome, deciduous plant makes a wonderful shade tree and can even tolerate the polluted atmosphere of the city. When grown in a yard, the Japanese Pagoda Tree can reach a height ranging from 50 to 75 feet; however, when grown along the road in compact soil, it only grows to 30 or 40 feet. The 6- to 10-inch, bright-greâ€¦

Japanese Plum
(Eriobotrya) This is an evergreen tree, known as the Loquat, valued for its fruit and decorative foliage and flowers. A native of China and Japan, it will grow at least 20 feet high. Their leaves are 9 to 12 inches long and 3-5 inches wide. They are green on top and grayish or brown underneath. When they are young they are covered with gray fuzz. They bear small, white flowers followed by an edible, yellow fruit. Loquats flower in autumn or early winter and their fruits ripen in late winter or sâ€¦

Jasmine
(Jasminum) These are tropical, sub-tropical and hardy, deciduous and evergreen shrubs or climbing plants. They mainly produce yellow or white, often very fragrant flowers. They grow wild in Asia and other various regions. Many are excellent garden plants, especially the hardy varieties. J. nudiflorum, the Winter Jasmine, is a hardy, climbing variety with yellow flowers. J. floridum is an evergreen bush that is nearly hardy. It produces yellow flowers and grows up to 3 feet high.â€¦

Jasminum
(Jasmine) These are tropical, sub-tropical and hardy, deciduous and evergreen shrubs or climbing plants. They mainly produce yellow or white, often very fragrant flowers. They grow wild in Asia and other various regions. Many are excellent garden plants, especially the hardy varieties. J. nudiflorum, the Winter Jasmine, is a hardy, climbing variety with yellow flowers. J. floridum is an evergreen bush that is nearly hardy. It produces yellow flowers and grows up to 3 feet high.â€¦

Jerusalem Artichoke
(Helianthus) These are hardy herbaceous perennials or annuals found wild in North America. They produce large yellow flowers in late summer and autumn. The perennial kinds are tall and vigorous. H. decapetalus multiflorus and its double variety, Soliel d'Or, grow 4 to 5 feet high. The prettiest one is called Monarch; it is a variety of H. atrorubens sparsifolius. This plant will grow 6 to 7 feet high and bear large, golden yellow blooms. All of the perennial kinds have yellow blossoms. H. argyroâ€¦

Jerusalem Artihcoke
(Helianthus) These are hardy herbaceous perennials or annuals found wild in North America. They produce large yellow flowers in late summer and autumn. The perennial kinds are tall and vigorous. H. decapetalus multiflorus and its double variety, Soliel d'Or, grow 4 to 5 feet high. The prettiest one is called Monarch; it is a variety of H. atrorubens sparsifolius. This plant will grow 6 to 7 feet high and bear large, golden yellow blooms. All of the perennial kinds have yellow blossoms. H. argyroâ€¦

Jerusalem Cherry
(Solanum) This is a large group of tender and hardy, herbaceous, shrubby, or climbing plants. They are found wild in many countries, but mainly in Costa Rica, Chile, tropical Africa and Europe. Several kinds are found in North America. Many are grown for decoration, but two are grown as vegetables. These vegetables are S. melongena variety esculentum, the Eggplant, and S. tuberosum, the Potato. The Solanums can be distinguished by their flowers, which are rotate (wheel-shaped), five petaled, whiâ€¦

Jerusalem Cross
(Lychnis) This group of perennials, annuals and biennials are found wild in the North Temperate and Arctic zones. These plants are grown for their pretty flowers. The height ranges from 1 to 4 feet among the different varieties. L. viscaria, the Alpine Catchfly, is an erect growing perennial found on dry, rocky hills and cliffs from Europe to western Asia. The green, oval- to lance-shaped leaves are sticky-hairy beneath. In early summer, a profusion of small, sticky, star-shaped flowers are bornâ€¦

Jerusalem Date
(Bauhinia) These beautiful, tender trees and shrubs are natives of India, Malaya, China and tropical Africa. These plants are popular in warm regions for their gorgeous, Orchid-like blossoms. The flowers are 2 to 3 inches across, may be white, pink or purple, and are borne in the winter and early spring; they are followed by 6- to 8-inch, flat, brown seedpods. The young foliage and blossoms are stewed and eaten as vegetables in their native countries. B. monandra, commonly known as Butterfly Floâ€¦

Jerusalem Thorn
(Parkinsonia) These tender, spiny trees or shrubs are natives of tropical America. These trees grow quickly when young, but slow down as they age; they eventually attain a height of about 30 feet. P. aculeata, commonly known as the Jerusalem Thorn, Mexican Paloverde and Ratama, is an attractive tree that can be grown in warm, tropical climates only. Its green branches are irregularly arranged and equipped with pointy spines. The interesting, feathery, compound leaves are 8 to 12 inches long and â€¦

Jessamine
(Cestrum) This is a large group of tender, evergreen and deciduous shrubs and small trees native to Central and South America and the West Indies. C. elegans is a small to medium-sized, evergreen shrub with large clusters of tube-shaped, brilliant red flowers that bloom over a long period during the summer and fall. This plant usually needs some support. C. parqui (Willow-leaved Jessamine) is a small to medium-sized shrub that produces an abundance of yellowish-green flowers from early to mid-suâ€¦

Jewelweed
(Impatiens) These are hardy and tender annual and perennial herbs from Asia, North America, and South Africa. The name of these plants refers to the elasticity of the valves of the seedpods, which discharge the seeds when ripe. They are sometimes known as Touch-me-nots. These plants have thick stems and light green leaves. Their flowers come in a wide range of colors including rose, rose-red, rose-purple, white, pink, and salmon. A minimum winter temperature of 55 degrees is required. A beautifuâ€¦

Jicama
(Pachyrhizus) This group consists of two tuberous-rooted, perennial, tropical vines belonging to the Pea or Bean family, Leguminosae. They are natives of South America and Mexico. These vines can climb up to 20 feet and have 3-parted leaves. They produce pretty sprays of green, blue, purple, white, or mauve flowers, which are followed by poisonous seedpods, 6 to 8 inches long. P. erosus is grown for its edible root known as Jicama. Other common names include Mexican Potato, Mexican â€¦

Jimson Weed
(Datura) These annual and tender, shrubby, perennial flowering plants are natives of tropical America, Europe and Mexico. The most familiar kind is Datura (Brugmansia) arborea, which produces large, white, fragrant blooms in the summer; it is a great plant for tubs. The perennial shrubby kinds can grow up to 10 feet tall, have woody stems, large ovate leaves and produce yellow, red, pink or white trumpet-shaped flowers in the summer. The annual kinds can grow about 3 feet tall, have large, ovateâ€¦

Joe Pye Weed
(Eupatorium) These hardy and frost tender perennials and shrubs are found in North and South America, Europe and Asia and are grown mainly for their flowers, though some are valued for their ornamental foliage. The name commemorates Mithridates Eupator, King of Pontus, who is credited with discovering that one of the varieties could be used as a remedy for poison. E. purpureum (Joe Pye Weed) is a vigorous growing perennial that can reach a height of 7 feet. Its coarse, finely toothed, mid-green â€¦

Johnny-Jump-Up
(Viola) This is a large group of annuals and perennials. They are found wild in the mild Northern regions, South and eastern Africa, South America, Australia and New Zealand. These plants belong to the Violet family, Violaceae. Viola contains a wide range of pretty woodland and rock garden plants along with the more developed Bedding Violas, Sweet Violets and Pansies, as they are commonly called. Pansies are descended from the European wild Violas, V. tricolor and V. lutea. Bedding Violas are hyâ€¦

Jonquil
(Narcissi) This is a large group of mostly hardy bulbs. Narcissus will bloom outside in March and April and in greenhouses from December to March. There are many species or wild types and innumerable named varieties, which increase every year. Most of the species or wild types are natives of southern Europe. The name Daffodil is commonly given to the Narcissus with large trumpets, but may be used for all types. The name Jonquil most properly belongs to the rush-leaved Narcissus jonquilla and itsâ€¦

Joseph'S-Coat
(Amaranthus) These are tender annuals that are natives of India, the Philippines and other warm countries. They are erect-growing plants; their height ranges from 2 to 8 feet high. Their leaves are long or oval, from 2 to 4 inches long and they start out green or dark red and change to bright yellow, orange or florescent pink at the tops. They produce pretty tassels of flowers that may be wine red or chartreuse. The flowers last a long time. Those with colorful leaves don't produce as lovely floâ€¦

Judas Tree
(Cercis) This group of beautiful, deciduous trees or shrubs grows wild in North America and from southern Europe to eastern Asia. These plants are commonly known as Redbuds because, in early spring before their leaves open, their branches are covered with an abundance of purplish-pink flowers. Redbud Trees bear flowers at 4 or 5 years of age. In late spring, 3- to 5-inch, glossy green, heart-shaped leaves are produced; these turn yellow in autumn, before falling off. C. canadensis is a smaâ€¦

Juglans
(Butternut, Walnut Tree) These deciduous trees are found wild from southeast Europe to the Himalayas, through China to Manchuria and Japan, and in North and South America. Most of them are hardy. Various species of Juglans are commonly known as Walnut trees. These trees are grown for their beauty, some for their timber and some for their edible nuts. The leaves, sap and husks will definitely stain anything with which it comes in contact. Walnuts are monoecious, that is, male and female flowers aâ€¦

Jujube
(Zizyphus) These deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs are natives of the warmer climates. Some are found in California, Texas and Mexico. The most popular is Z. jujuba, commonly known as the Jujube or Chinese Date. The Chinese Date isn't a true date tree, but the 1- to 2-inch, edible fruits resemble dates and can be eaten fresh, dried or preserved. This tree ultimately grows from 15 to 25 feet high and provides a light, filtered shade. Its spiny branches are clothed with Â¾- to 2Â½-inch, dark â€¦

Juneberry
(Amelanchier) This group consists of beautiful, flowering shrubs and trees mostly native of North America. They are commonly known as Serviceberries, Juneberries, Shadbush, Shad-blow and Snowy Mespilus. Serviceberries are some of the earliest spring-blooming trees. These trees have slender branches and smooth, pale gray bark. They begin to bloom in their first year producing a profusion of short spikes of pure-white, 1-inch flowers. The flowers are followed, in early summer, by small, sweet, redâ€¦

Juniper
(Juniperus) This group consists of evergreen shrubs and trees that are found wild throughout Europe, North America, Asia, the West Indies, Canary Islands, and eastern Africa. Some are hardy, some are small enough for the rock garden, some are good foundation plants, and some grow into trees of medium size. Junipers, as they are commonly called, are divided into two categories based on the kind of leaves they produce. The mature trees either have scale-like, leaves closely pressed against the braâ€¦

Juniper Myrtle
(Agonis) This genus of some 12 species is found only in Western Australia. They are shrubs and small trees. Leaves small to long, alternate, entire, often densely clustered. Flowers small, clustered white to pale pinkâ€¦

Juniperus
(Juniper, Red Cedar, Savin) This group consists of evergreen shrubs and trees that are found wild throughout Europe, North America, Asia, the West Indies, Canary Islands, and eastern Africa. Some are hardy, some are small enough for the rock garden, some are good foundation plants, and some grow into trees of medium size. Junipers, as they are commonly called, are divided into two categories based on the kind of leaves they produce. The mature trees either have scale-like, leaves closely pressedâ€¦

Jupiter'S Beard
(Anthyllis) This group consists of annual and perennial, evergreen and deciduous shrubs and herbaceous plants. They are natives of Europe, North Africa, and western Asia. A. hermanniae is a pretty, dwarf, deciduous shrub that is suitable for growing in the rock garden. It has small, thin leaves consisting of three leaflets. However, since the side leaflets are so small, the leaves seem to consist of only one. From early to mid-summer, clusters of two to eight, pea-like flowers are borne. These aâ€¦

Kaempferia
These tropical plants are found wild in Thailand, Malaysia and other warm countries. K. pulchra forms tufts of pretty foliage up to 6 inches high. The fragrant leaves are dark green variegated with pale green, bronze and silver. During the summer, small, lilac-pink flowers grow in short spikes from the centers of the tufts of leaves.â€¦

Kaffir Lily
(Schizostylis) These perennials, commonly known as Kaffir Lilies, are autumn-flowering plants. S. coccinea 'Sunrise' is a pretty plant that grows up to 2 feet high. It produces basal clumps of long, slender, sword-shaped, ribbed leaves. The large, shallowly cup-shaped, pink flowers are borne in erect spikes in early fall. S. coccinea 'Major' grows 2 feet or more high and has bright crimson-scarlet flowers in early fall.â€¦

Kalanchoe
(Air Plant, Aurora Borealis, Elephant's Ears, Felt Bush, Mother Of Thousands, Panda Plant, Plush Plant, Pussy Ears, South American Air Plant, Velvet Elephant Ear) This large group consisting of succulent plants is found in subtropical and tropical countries throughout the world. These plants vary greatly; they range from leafy succulents to huge tree-like plants. The shapes, sizes and colors of the leaves are as equally diverse; some have whole or toothed edges, and some may be smooth or verâ€¦

Kale
(Brassica) This is a group of plants belonging to the Mustard family, Cruciferae. It includes vegetables that are commonly grown and known as Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Collards, Kale, Kohlrabi, Mustard, Rape, Rutabaga and Turnip. Many can be grown for their ornamental leaves.â€¦

Kalopanax
(Castor Aralia) This tree, commonly known as the Castor Aralia, is native to Japan and China. The Castor Aralia is highly resistant to pests and is a suitable shade tree. This tree grows fairly quickly and will eventually reach a height varying from 60 to 80 feet. The large, palmate, glossy green leaves of this tree have downy gray undersides, 5 to 7 lobes, and grow from 7 to 14 inches across. They resemble the shape and size of the foliage of the Castor-oil plant. In autumn, the foliage turns aâ€¦

Kangaroo Vine
(Cissus) These climbing plants are natives of several tropical and subtropical countries. C. antarctica is shrubby and climbs along with tendrils. It has shiny, green leaves with brown veins and stems. C. rhombifolia is a vinelike plant with hairy brown branches and shiny green leaves that have fuzzy, white undersides, as in the new growth. It also climbs with the aid of tendrils. In the warmest parts of the U. S., several varieties can grow outside in regular soil with partial shade. All are goâ€¦

Karanda
(Carissa) These are tropical shrubs, natives of Africa, Australia and Asia. Some of them are grown outdoors in Florida and California. They have dark green, shiny leaves and bear fragrant white or pink flowers that are sometimes followed by edible fruits resembling plums. These plants are spiny and are great hedge plants.â€¦

Katsura Tree
(Cercidiphyllum) This group consists of one hardy, deciduous tree native to Japan and China. It is an attractive lawn ornament that provides great shade. This tree is grown for the beauty of its foliage, as its red flowers are borne inconspicuously when the leaves open. Male and female flowers are produced on separate trees. C. japonicum, the Katsura Tree, is a variety that eventually reaches a height of 40 to 60 feet. Female trees ordinarily grow with multiple trunks and spread their branches aâ€¦

Kentia Palm
(Howea) These plants are grown for their decorative foliage and they belong to the Palm family. They are natives of Lord Howe's Island, which is near Australia. The minimum winter temperature required for these plants is 55 degrees. The leaves are large and spreading, dark green, and leathery. They are divided deeply. These Palms can grow 30-60 feet tall outside. Smaller plants are often used for indoor decoration.â€¦

Kentucky Bluegrass
(Poa) This large group of Grasses is native to most of the temperate regions, including North America, the Himalayas, Europe and Siberia. Some are used to grow in pots and some are grown into lawns. The Wood Meadow Grass, P. nemoralis, the Rough-stalked Meadow Grass, P. trivialis, and the Kentucky Bluegrass, P. pratensis, are all used as lawn grasses. The Kentucky Bluegrass, however, is one of the most popular lawn grasses in our landscape. This grass can grow up to 2Â½ feet high and it has a shaâ€¦

Kentucky Coffee Tree
(Gymnocladus) These hardy, deciduous trees are slow-growing and pest resistant. There are two varieties, the most common one will be described next. C. dioica, commonly known as the Kentucky Coffee Tree, is originally from North America. It is said that the Indians and early immigrants at one time roasted and ground the large seeds to make a bitter, coffee-like drink, hence the common name. This tree will eventually reach a height varying from 40 to 90 feet. The bi-pinnate leaves open a pinkish â€¦

Kidney Vetch
(Anthyllis) This group consists of annual and perennial, evergreen and deciduous shrubs and herbaceous plants. They are natives of Europe, North Africa, and western Asia. A. hermanniae is a pretty, dwarf, deciduous shrub that is suitable for growing in the rock garden. It has small, thin leaves consisting of three leaflets. However, since the side leaflets are so small, the leaves seem to consist of only one. From early to mid-summer, clusters of two to eight, pea-like flowers are borne. These aâ€¦

King Cup
(Caltha) These hardy perennials are natives of Europe and America. They belong to the Buttercup family, Ranunculaceae. These plants are found growing in marshes and by the banks of streams. C. palustris, King Cup or Marsh Marigold, forms clumps of kidney-shaped, glossy, dark green leaves, which grow up to 4 inches across and have serrated edges. The cup-shaped, bright golden yellow flowers grow up to 1Â½ inches across and have a waxy appearance. They are borne in long-stalked clusters in the spriâ€¦

King Fern
(Angiopteris) 100 species of a very large primitive ferns.â€¦

King Palm
(Archontophoenix) These are Australian palms that are grown outdoors in southern Florida and in southern California, and as pot or tub plants indoors. They have single, smooth trunks and lovely heads of elegantly curving, feathery leaves.â€¦

King William Pine
(Athrotaxis) This group consists of three, evergreen conifers from Tasmania. They are commonly known as King William Pines or Summit Cedars. A. laxifolia is a small- to medium-sized tree that forms a domed crown. The leaves are only Â¼-inch long, partly adpressed to the branches and partly spreading. The bark of this tree is brown and furrowed. Small, bright green cones that turn orange then brown are produced abundantly.â€¦

Kingfisher Daisy
(Felicia) These annual or tender evergreen perennials are natives of South Africa. They belong to the Daisy family, Compositae. The perennial kinds have small ovate leaves and they grow about 2-3 feet high. They bear blue or violet flowers. F. amelloides (the Blue Marguerite), is a bushy perennial that grows 1 to 2 feet high and has sky blue flowers. F. Bergeriana (the Kingfisher Daisy) is usually treated as an annual. It grows 6 inches high and has blue flowers. F. tennella is an annual that beâ€¦

Kinnikinick
(Arctostaphylos) These evergreen shrubs or small trees are natives to western North America, northern Europe and Mexico. A. uva-ursi (Bearberry or Kinnikinick) is a creeping, alpine shrub that is suitable for planting in rock gardens or along banks or sandy slopes. The green foliage of this attractive plant turns bronze in autumn, but becomes green again in the spring. In early to mid-summer, clusters of nodding, white flowers tinged with pink are produced. The flowers are followed by red, berryâ€¦

Kirengeshoma
This perennial is a native of Japan. It grows up to 3 feet high and has large, papery, palmate leaves that are bright green and hairy. In late summer and fall, narrow, funnel-shaped flowers having fleshy, pale yellow petals are borne in slender-stalked clusters in the upper leaf axils. It is a lovely plant for an herbaceous or mixed border, or woodland garden.â€¦

Kiwi
(Actinidia) This group consists of about 30 species of hardy and tender, deciduous, climbing plants that are natives of eastern Asia. These plants are great for growing on trellises, along fences, covering walls, or tall stumps. They are grown for their beauty as well as their fruits and are commonly known as Kiwi or Chinese Gooseberry. A. chinensis (also known as A. deliciosa) is a tender, large vine that can reach a height of 28 feet. Its shoots are thickly covered with reddish hairs andâ€¦

Knapweed
(Centaurea) These are hardy, herbaceous, perennial and annual plants that are natives of many European countries, in North America and other numerous places. Some of the herbaceous kinds make very nice border plants. Centaureas belong to the Daisy family, Compositae. The annual Cornflower, C. Cyanus, also known as Bachelor's-Button, grows 1 to 11/2 feet high. This plant produces blue, rose or white flowers that may be single or double. They are great for cut flowers. C. americana is a pretty annâ€¦

Knautia
This pretty perennial is a native of central Europe. It grows up to 30 inches high. It is an erect growing plant with deeply divided, dark green stem leaves. The basal foliage dies before blooming, which is in mid-summer. The somewhat spherical flowers are double and very dark crimson; they grow atop lax, branching stems.â€¦

Kniphofia
These perennials are grown for their beautiful poker-like flower spikes. They are found wild in South Africa. They are commonly called Torch Lily, Poker Plant and Red-Hot Poker Plant. The height ranges between the varieties from 2 to 5 feet and they form tufts of narrow, linear, arching leaves that may be blue-green or medium green. K. 'Royal Standard' produces small, tubular flowers in compact spikes on stout, upright stems in late summer. The flowers are bright yellow opening from scarlet-vermâ€¦

Knob Celery
(Apium) This is the botanical name for Celery, Leaf Celery (also called French Celery or Chinese Celery) and Celeriac (also called Knob Celery, Celery Root, or Turnip-rooted Celery).â€¦

Koelreuteria
(Chinese Flame Tree, Golden-Rain Tree) These hardy, deciduous trees are natives of China. They grow quickly and are excellent for growing in lawns or shading patios. They can be grown along country roads and city streets, since they are tolerant of polluted air. The blue-green leaves grow from 8 to 15 inches long and consist of 1- to 3-inch leaflets; they open with a reddish hue in the spring. In early summer, they produce an abundance of 12- to 15-inch, loose clusters of small, yellow flowers. â€¦

Kohlrabi
(Brassica) This is a group of plants belonging to the Mustard family, Cruciferae. It includes vegetables that are commonly grown and known as Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Collards, Kale, Kohlrabi, Mustard, Rape, Rutabaga and Turnip. Many can be grown for their ornamental leaves.â€¦

Kowhai
(Sophora) This is a group of tender and hardy, evergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs. S. japonica, the Chinese Scholar Tree or Japanese Pagoda Tree, is a native of China. This handsome, deciduous plant makes a wonderful shade tree and can even tolerate the polluted atmosphere of the city. When grown in a yard, the Japanese Pagoda Tree can reach a height ranging from 50 to 75 feet; however, when grown along the road in compact soil, it only grows to 30 or 40 feet. The 6- to 10-inch, bright-greâ€¦

Kurrajong
(Brachychiton) These tender, succulent trees are natives of Australia. Several varieties of this group have become popular landscape trees in mild climates. The leaves of these plants vary from thin and finger-like to large and slightly lobed. Commonly known as Bottle Trees, all these plants form a fairly thickened trunk. B. rupestris can be grown in a windowsill, greenhouse, or in a container outdoors, as well as a landscaping plant. In the wild, this variety forms a tree up to 26 feet high witâ€¦

La-Kwa
(Momordica) Momordica belongs to the cucumber family, Cucurbitaceae. M. charantia, Balsam Pear, Bitter Cucumber, La-Kwa, or Bitter Melon, is a tender, tropical perennial grown as an annual. They are luscious, high-climbing vines with slightly fuzzy stems clothed with dark green, deeply lobed leaves and yellow, dioecious (male & female organs on separate flowers) flowers. The blossoms have 5 petals and are an inch in diameter. In regions with a long growing season, these vines produce handsomâ€¦

Laburnum
(Golden-Chain Tree, Laburnum) These gorgeous, deciduous trees are natives of Europe, Greece and Asia Minor. Laburnums are not susceptible to serious damage by pests or disease. The very hard and dark colored heartwood is brown or almost black and when polished, resembles ebony. It is sometimes used in cabinetwork. Laburnums, though beautiful, are very poisonous and great care should be taken if they are grown around young children. Laburnums, also known as Golden-Chain Trees, grow 20 to 25 feet â€¦

Lace Cactus
(Echinocereus) This group consists of about fifty cacti from the southern U.S. and Mexico. These pretty cacti come in a wide range of shapes and colors. Some species form round, spiny mounds and are commonly called Hedgehog Cacti, while others develop thin, rambling stems. The flower buds of these succulents form inside the stems, bursting out near the stem tips in late spring and early summer. The flowers open completely in full sun and come in an array of colors such as yellow, orange, red, piâ€¦

Lace Flower
(Episcia) These creeping, tropical perennials are natives of Brazil, Colombia, Guinea, and Surinam. They make great plants for hanging baskets. E. lilacina has reddish-purple, velvety leaves and pale lilac or lavender flowers. E. reptans has puckered, brownish-green leaves that are marked with silvery green. They produce scarlet flowers that are fringed along the borders. E. dianthiflora, the Lace flower, is a beautiful plant with thick, oval, velvety dark green leaves that are toothed along theâ€¦

Lace-Leaf
(Aponogeton) These hardy and tender aquatic plants are native to Asia, Africa and Australia. A. distachyus, the Water Hawthorne or Cape Pondweed, is the most popular variety. It forms oblong green and red leaves that float on the water's surface. In the spring and fall, inflorescences rise out of the water bearing vanilla-scented, white flowers that are speckled with black. A. fenestralis, the Lace-Leaf or Lattice-Leaf, is a tender plant that sends up long-stemmed leaves. The leaves have a lacy â€¦

Lactuca
(Asparagus Lettuce, Butterhead Lettuce, Celtuce, Chinese Lettuce, Cos Lettuce, Crisphead Lettuce, Leaf Lettuce, Romaine Lettuce, Stem Lettuce) This is a large group of hardy annuals and perennials found wild in various parts of Europe. They are very popular salad plants commonly known as Lettuce. The most commonly grown kinds of Lettuce are derived from L. sativa. These varieties fall into 4 classes, based on their shape and growth. Minor's Lettuce is a different species (see Montia perfoliata),â€¦

Ladder Fern
(Nephrolepis) These are Ferns that are found wild in many tropical areas, including Africa, America, Malaya and the West Indies. Nephrolepis is a small group, but contains many beautiful kinds that are well adapted for growing in pots in the greenhouse or home. The most popular are the varieties of N. exaltata, a plant that grows wild from Florida southward into Brazil and in Africa and eastern Asia. This Fern produces fronds, 3-5 feet in length and 2-6 inches wide. They have stiff midribs that â€¦

Lady Fern
(Athyrium) This is a large group of hardy ferns. They are found throughout the temperate and tropical regions. A. Filix-femina, the Lady Fern, grows wild throughout Europe, Asia and North America. It has rich green fronds, from 1 to 3 feet in length. A. niponicum, the Painted Fern, has deciduous, oval leaves that are divided into many segments. The fronds are grayish-green, tinted with purple, with dark purple stalks and midribs.â€¦

Lady Palm
(Rhapis) This miniature Palm is from Japan and China and can be grown outside in mild, tropical climates or in pots and tubs indoors. Although they are in the Palm family, they kind of resemble Bamboos, because they have slim, reed-like stems that do not grow more than 10 feet high; they produce an abundance of suckers from their base that eventually form thick, bushy, clumps. Their leaves are fan-shaped and divided deeply. These Palms are a lot hardier than most. They are great trees for a greeâ€¦

Lady-Of-The-Night
(Brunfelsia) These are evergreen, flowering shrubs found in tropical America. They are grown outside in southern Florida and California. They can be grown inside greenhouses where outdoor climates aren't suitable. They need a greenhouse with a minimum temperature of 55 degrees. These plants grow 2 to 8 feet in height, have woody stems and big, oval to oblong leaves. Their flowers, which grow in clusters, are large and purple or cream in color.â€¦

Lady'S Bedstraw
(Galium) This group of plants is includes hardy and tender herbaceous perennials, which are natives of Europe and most of which have been naturalized in North America. The name is derived from gala, milk, and refers to the fact that G. verum has been used to curdle milk. G. odoratum, Sweet Woodruff, is a hardy perennial, which grows 12 to18 inches high. This plant gives off an aroma resembling freshly mown hay and May wine. Sweet Woodruff makes a lovely ground cover. Its rough-edged leaveâ€¦

Lady'S Eardrops
(Fuchsia) These tender shrubs are mainly natives of Central and South America and New Zealand. They are great plants for greenhouses, window boxes, baskets, homes, and flower beds. In areas where Fuchsias are hardy enough to live outdoors they can grow into beautiful, tall shrubs and may be planted to form hedges. In less mild areas of North America, Fuchsias may be killed down in the winter, but in the spring, new shoots will push up from the base of the shrubs. In these places, Fuchsias shouldâ€¦

Lady'S Fingers
(Anthyllis) This group consists of annual and perennial, evergreen and deciduous shrubs and herbaceous plants. They are natives of Europe, North Africa, and western Asia. A. hermanniae is a pretty, dwarf, deciduous shrub that is suitable for growing in the rock garden. It has small, thin leaves consisting of three leaflets. However, since the side leaflets are so small, the leaves seem to consist of only one. From early to mid-summer, clusters of two to eight, pea-like flowers are borne. These aâ€¦

Lady'S Smock
(Cardamine) Cardamines are hardy annuals or perennials with the common names of Bitter Cress, Cuckoo Plant and Lady's Smock. They are found wild in the mountain woodlands of west and central Europe. These plants grow from 6 to 24 inches high. C. pentaphyllos is an upright plant with dark green leaves, which are divided into 3 to 5 smooth leaflets. Its small, white or pale purple flowers are funnel-shaped and borne in little bunches above the leaves, in the spring.â€¦

Lagenaria
(Bottle Gourd, Calabash, Hercules' War Club Gourd, White-Flowered Gourd) This Gourd, as all other Gourds, belong to the Cucumber family, Cucurbitaceae. Unlike their edible relatives such as Melons, Squashes, Cucumbers and Pumpkins, Gourds are mainly grown for ornament. All are tendril-bearing vines that will sprawl if not supported. L. siceraria is commonly known as the Bottle Gourd. Other popular names include Calabash and White-flowered Gourd. This musky-scented, tender perennial is a native oâ€¦

Lamb'S Ears
(Stachys) This group consists of about 300 species of mostly hardy perennials, which belong to the Mint family, Labiatae. These plants are widely distributed throughout Europe and other north temperate regions and several are found wild in North America.Some are valued for their attractive foliage, while others are appreciated for their spikes of pretty flowers. Their common names include: Betony, Bunnies' Ears, Hedge Nettle, Lamb's Ears, Lamb's tongue, and Woundwort. One, S. Sieboldii (Câ€¦

Lamb'S Quarters
(Chenopodium) These hardy annuals or perennials may be grown for decoration and some kinds are vegetables. They come from various parts of the world such as Europe and China and are naturalized in America.â€¦

Lamb'S Tongue
(Stachys) This group consists of about 300 species of mostly hardy perennials, which belong to the Mint family, Labiatae. These plants are widely distributed throughout Europe and other north temperate regions and several are found wild in North America.Some are valued for their attractive foliage, while others are appreciated for their spikes of pretty flowers. Their common names include: Betony, Bunnies' Ears, Hedge Nettle, Lamb's Ears, Lamb's tongue, and Woundwort. One, S. Sieboldii (Câ€¦

Lampranthus
(Ice Plant, Lampranthus) This group of gorgeous, flowering succulents comes from southern Africa. These plants have various habits of growth; some are creeping and some are bushy; some flower for a short time, while others bloom from spring to fall. These succulents are grown mainly for their pretty, daisy-like flowers and fairly hardy nature. The flowers, which grow at the stem tips and need sun to open, come in an array of colors including yellow, scarlet, magenta, red, and orange. L. haworthiâ€¦

Lantern Tree
(Crinodendron) This small group of tender trees consists of only two kinds, both of which are found wild in Chile. Commonly known as Lantern Trees, these evergreen trees or shrubs are suitable for growing outdoors in mild climates only; otherwise, they may be grown in greenhouses. Lantern Trees are covered with glossy, dark-green leaves, 2-3 inches long. C. hookerianum (Chilean Lantern Plant) is a large, dense shrub that can sometimes survive unusually low temperatures. In late spring or early sâ€¦

Lapeyrousia
These hardy bulbs are great for the rock garden, for the sunny border in mild climates and as pot plants. They are natives of the Cape of Good Hope. Lapeyrousias will grow about 9 inches tall. They have narrow, grass-like leaves that are 6 inches long and small spikes of scarlet or rose-pink flowers in the summer.â€¦

Larch
(Larix) Larix, also known as the Larch, Tamarack or Hackmatack, is a coniferous (cone-bearing) tree, which lose their needles in autumn. The Larches grow in northern regions, or at high altitudes in the mountainous parts of temperate countries. They are found throughout central Europe, the Himalayas, China, Korea, Japan, Siberia and North America. They are very beautiful in the spring with their light green, young leaves and female flowers, which are usually pink. The needles are pretty soft, slâ€¦

Larix
(Hackmatack, Larch, Tamarack) Larix, also known as the Larch, Tamarack or Hackmatack, is a coniferous (cone-bearing) tree, which lose their needles in autumn. The Larches grow in northern regions, or at high altitudes in the mountainous parts of temperate countries. They are found throughout central Europe, the Himalayas, China, Korea, Japan, Siberia and North America. They are very beautiful in the spring with their light green, young leaves and female flowers, which are usually pink. The needlâ€¦

Larkspur
(Delphinium) This is a large group of very beautiful annuals and perennials commonly called Larkspurs. The original or wild types from which the named varieties are descended are natives of California, Siberia, Syria and India. The Delphiniums mostly seen in gardens are hybrids of D. elatum and are clump-forming perennials that bloom from early to mid-summer. Their leaves are divided, lobed, and range from mid- to bright green. Hybrids of D. belladonna are also clump-forming perennials, but withâ€¦

Lathraea
This spreading perennial, also known as Toothwort, is originally found in the damp woods and streamside meadows of southwestern Europe. This plant grows as a parasite on the roots of Willow or Poplar trees. This plant doesn't produce true leaves; rather, they grow as fleshy scales on the rhizomes. Toothworts produce hooded, tubular, 2-lipped, purple flowers in short heads, at soil level in late winter and early spring. They grow up to 4 inches high with an indefinite spread.â€¦

Lathyrus
(Everlasting Pea, Lord Anson's Pea, Perennial Pea, Spring Vetch, Sweet Pea) These hardy annuals and perennials may be climbing or bushy. The climbing vines grow up to 6 feet high and the dwarf bushy kinds, 1 to 2 feet high. They are mostly from southern and eastern Europe. These plants are clothed with medium- or blue-green, paired leaflets that grow up to 2 inches. The flowers grow up to 2 inches across, 1 to 4 per stem. They may be rose, red, maroon, pink, white, yellow or blue and some are biâ€¦

Lattice-Leaf
(Aponogeton) These hardy and tender aquatic plants are native to Asia, Africa and Australia. A. distachyus, the Water Hawthorne or Cape Pondweed, is the most popular variety. It forms oblong green and red leaves that float on the water's surface. In the spring and fall, inflorescences rise out of the water bearing vanilla-scented, white flowers that are speckled with black. A. fenestralis, the Lace-Leaf or Lattice-Leaf, is a tender plant that sends up long-stemmed leaves. The leaves have a lacy â€¦

Laurel
(Laurus) This slow growing, evergreen tree is often grown as a shrub; it is commonly called Bay, Bay Laurel, and Sweet Laurel. Bay can live as a woody houseplant for many years. It is a native of the Mediterranean region and isn't hardy in the North. Its shiny, dark green, fragrant leaves were once twined into wreaths by the ancient Romans and Greeks and were used to crown the champions in their sports and wars. This tree may grow 30 feet or more high, where temperatures stay above 20 degrees inâ€¦

Laurus
(Bay Laurel, Bay Tree, Laurel, Sweet Laurel) This slow growing, evergreen tree is often grown as a shrub; it is commonly called Bay, Bay Laurel, and Sweet Laurel. Bay can live as a woody houseplant for many years. It is a native of the Mediterranean region and isn't hardy in the North. Its shiny, dark green, fragrant leaves were once twined into wreaths by the ancient Romans and Greeks and were used to crown the champions in their sports and wars. This tree may grow 30 feet or more high, where tâ€¦

Lavandula
(Lavender) These perennials are found wild in the Mediterranean region and there are many varieties. Lavender has been used for hundreds of years in sachets, potpourris and linens and to give a light flavor to fruit dishes, sauces, cordials, and confections. The different varieties of this plant range in height from 9 inches to 3 feet, although some may grow taller with age. They have thin leaves and many long spikes of lavender or purple flowers that grow up from the leaf axils. L. angustifoliaâ€¦

Copy of `Botany - Flower terms`

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