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Botany - Flower terms
Category: Animals and Nature > Botany
Date & country: 09/09/2007, USA.
Words: 2228

Exochorda
(Pearl Bush) This group consists of a few very beautiful, hardy, deciduous shrubs native of north and central Asia. In late spring, their slender branches are clothed with large, snow-white flowers. These shrubs are commonly known as Pearl Bushes. E. racemosa (Common Pearlbush) is a large, spreading shrub with oblong, bluish-green leaves. In late spring, erect clusters of white flowers are produced. E. macrantha 'The Bride' is a small to medium-size, compact shrub that has a 'weeping' habit of gâ€¦

Fabiana
(False Heath) This group consists of about 25 evergreen, heath-like shrubs, commonly known as False Heath. These plants are found wild in the temperate regions of South America, therefore need to be grown in a mild climate. F. imbricata is really the only one commonly grown. It is a medium-sized shrub whose branches are covered with small, grayish-green, scale-like leaves giving them a feathery appearance. In early summer, the branches are covered with numerous, white, tubular-shaped flowers. A â€¦

Fagus
(Beech Tree) This group consists of deciduous trees commonly known as the Beech. These trees grow to a rather large size, from 60 to 75 feet high and sometimes up to 100 feet or more. Beeches are hardy throughout the U.S. Their seeds are rich in oil, which is sometimes extracted for edible purposes and for burning. Under the name of mast, the seeds are also used to feed pigs. In Europe, pigs are sometimes let loose into Beech woods to feed when the seeds are falling. Beech trees have shallow rooâ€¦

Fairy Moss
(Azolla) This tiny, floating, aquatic plant, commonly known as Fairy Moss, is a native of tropical and North America. It has small, plump, pinnately branched, bright-green leaves, which resemble little Fern fronds. These become tinted with bronze in full sun and in the fall. Thin roots trail below these miniature leaves.â€¦

Fairy Washboard
(Haworthia) This large group of succulent plants is originally from South Africa; they are commonly found in rock crevices and under bushes, out of direct sunlight. These plants form rosettes of soft, fleshy, triangular leaves, though a few have long, grass-like leaves. The shapes and markings of the leaves vary, but raised, white spots are the most common variegation. Some leaves are very thick with windowed upper surfaces. Some plants have roots, which pull the plants into the soil, so that onâ€¦

False Acacia
(Robinia) This group of deciduous trees and shrubs is native to the U.S. and Mexico. They are commonly known as Locust Trees or False Acacias. These trees will grow well in poor, dry soil and in salty, sandy soil near the sea. They are suitable for growing along roads and in cities. R. Pseudoacacia (Black Locust, Yellow Locust or False Acacia) is a tree that can grow from 70 to 80 feet high. It has a wide-spreading head of scraggly branches that are clothed with pretty, green leaves 6 to 12 inchâ€¦

False Cypress
(Chamaecyparis) This is the botanical name for the False Cypress, also known as White Cedars. These evergreen trees are suitable for growing as hedges and for lawn decoration. They are natives of North America and Japan. The branches of the False Cypress are somewhat flattened and they are covered rather closely with flattened, scale-like, bluish-green leaves, which overlap each other. The cones are round, about a quarter of an inch in diameter, with thick shield-shaped scales. They are bluish-pâ€¦

False Heath
(Fabiana) This group consists of about 25 evergreen, heath-like shrubs, commonly known as False Heath. These plants are found wild in the temperate regions of South America, therefore need to be grown in a mild climate. F. imbricata is really the only one commonly grown. It is a medium-sized shrub whose branches are covered with small, grayish-green, scale-like leaves giving them a feathery appearance. In early summer, the branches are covered with numerous, white, tubular-shaped flowers. A variâ€¦

False Indigo
(Amorpha) These hardy, deciduous shrubs are natives of North America and Mexico. They have feathery-looking, pinnate leaves and dense spikes of small, pea-like flowers that are ordinarily blue or violet. The flowers are borne at the ends of the shoots in July or August. A. fruticosa (False Indigo) is a medium-sized to large shrub with slender racemes of purplish-blue flowers. A. canescens (Lead Plant) has grayish foliage and purple flowers with yellow stamens.â€¦

Farewell-To-Spring
(Clarkia) These are hardy annuals of western North America. They are named after Captain William Clark of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Clarkia's height ranges from 1 to 3 feet. They provide a profusion of flowers that, given favorable conditions, will bloom for quite some time. Clarkias are great for growing in flowerbeds and borders where the summers are cool. They may also be cultivated in greenhouses for blooming in the winter and spring and they provide excellent cut flowers. C. elegans, â€¦

Fat Lizzie
(Fatshedera) This tender, shrub is a hybrid between Fatsia japonica and Hedera helix (English Ivy) and it originated in France. It produces strong shoots, 8-10 feet high, which need support. Its dark green leaves are glossy, leathery and deeply lobed. The leaves vary in the size and shape between those of the Fatsia and the English Ivy. It bears greenish flowers in the fall, but doesn't produce fertile seeds. It isn't the most decorative plant for the garden, but it makes a great houseplant. It â€¦

Fat-Hen
(Chenopodium) These hardy annuals or perennials may be grown for decoration and some kinds are vegetables. They come from various parts of the world such as Europe and China and are naturalized in America.â€¦

Father Of Musk
(Abelmoschus) Father of muck, 15 species of annual and pernnial herbsâ€¦

Fatshedera
(Fat Lizzie, Tree Ivy) This tender, shrub is a hybrid between Fatsia japonica and Hedera helix (English Ivy) and it originated in France. It produces strong shoots, 8-10 feet high, which need support. Its dark green leaves are glossy, leathery and deeply lobed. The leaves vary in the size and shape between those of the Fatsia and the English Ivy. It bears greenish flowers in the fall, but doesn't produce fertile seeds. It isn't the most decorative plant for the garden, but it makes a great houseâ€¦

Fava Bean
(Vicia) This is a large group of hardy perennials and annuals. These plants are not ornamental, therefore, none are really grown in gardens. Most Vicias have thin stems covered with pinnate leaves terminated by a pair of tendrils. Clusters of small, pea shaped flowers grow in the axils of the leaves. V. argentea has silvery leaves. Vicia belongs to the Pea family, Leguminosae. V. Faba is the Broad or Fava Bean. Broad bean plants grow upright, up to 5 feet, on thick, succulent stems. The pods havâ€¦

Feather Top
(Pennisetum) These tender and hardy ornamental Grasses are native to Abyssinia, Argentina and South Africa. They range in height from 1 to 10 feet. P. villosum, Feather-top, is a tender perennial that can only be grown outside in mild climates; further North it can be treated as an annual. It forms tufts of flat, linear, mid-green leaves on hairy stems. In late summer, plumes of tiny, creamy pink, bearded spikelets are produced. This variety grows up to 3 feet high. P. Ruppelii, Fountain Gâ€¦

Felicia
(Blue Marguerite, Kingfisher Daisy) These annual or tender evergreen perennials are natives of South Africa. They belong to the Daisy family, Compositae. The perennial kinds have small ovate leaves and they grow about 2-3 feet high. They bear blue or violet flowers. F. amelloides (the Blue Marguerite), is a bushy perennial that grows 1 to 2 feet high and has sky blue flowers. F. Bergeriana (the Kingfisher Daisy) is usually treated as an annual. It grows 6 inches high and has blue flowers. F. tenâ€¦

Felt Bush
(Kalanchoe) This large group consisting of succulent plants is found in subtropical and tropical countries throughout the world. These plants vary greatly; they range from leafy succulents to huge tree-like plants. The shapes, sizes and colors of the leaves are as equally diverse; some have whole or toothed edges, and some may be smooth or very fuzzy. Some species make excellent houseplants. In early spring or fall, bell-shaped flowers that may be white, red, purple, yellow, orange, or broâ€¦

Fennel
(Foeniculum) F. vulgare variety dulce is the botanical name for this half-hardy or biennial, Sweet Fennel. This herb resembles Dill, but its finely divided, anise-scented foliage is light green instead of blue green and its stems are solid, not hollow like Dill's. Sweet Fennel can grow 4 to 6 feet high in flower. The yellow clusters of flowers aren't abundant until the second season, when the plants are sturdy enough to support good seed yields. F. vulgare variety azoricum is the botanical name â€¦

Fennel Flower
(Nigella) These annuals are found wild in southern Europe, northern Africa and Asia Minor. They are bushy, self-branching plants that may grow upright or sprawling, 1Â½ to 2 feet. Their foliage is finely divided, resembling dill and fennel, and grows up to 3 inches long. The beautiful flowers are finely laced and up to 2 inches across. They may be white or pale to dark blue. Picking off the dead flowers will increase blooming, but prevents the seed capsules, which are valued for drying. N. sativaâ€¦

Fern
Ferns compris an order of several families of perennial, .flowerless plants Ttere are more than ten thousand species widely distributed throughout the temperate and tropical regions of the world. Ferns are classified principally by the structure and arrangement of themosslike growths, to the massive Tree Ferns with stout trunks 80 or more feet in height.â€¦

Fern-Leaf Aralia
(Polyscias) This group consists of about 80 tropical shrubs and trees that are native to New Zealand, tropical Asia and the Pacific Islands. They are excellent as houseplants in cold climates and as hedges in very warm ones. These plants are also excellent as Bonsai specimens. These plants are valued for their decorative foliage, which is finely divided and in some species, beautifully variegated. P. fruticosa (Ming Aralia) can grow up to 8 feet high (though it can be kept small by pruning) and â€¦

Ferocactus
(Arizona Barrel, Barrel Cactus, Crow's Claws, Devil's Tongue, Fishhook Cactus, Giant Spined Barrel, Hatpin Cactus, Strawberry Cactus, Turk's Head) This group consists of about 35 cacti found across the southwest U.S. and northern Mexico. They are excellent for growing in containers on patios and in greenhouses or as landscape plants. When young, they are usually globular shaped, though they eventually become columnar with age, some species gradually reaching a height of up to 13 feet. In the sumâ€¦

Fever Few
(Chrysanthemum) These hardy plants are natives of China, Japan, northern Africa, and southern Europe. They belong to the Daisy family, Compositae. Their flowers come in every color except blue. Their blooms come in a huge variety of shapes and sizes. Some are spherical in shape and have incurved petals at the center. Some have tubular-shaped petals of unequal length with little hooks at the end. Spoon Chrysanthemums have rather flat petals that are spoon-shaped at the end. Anemone Chrysanthemumsâ€¦

Ficus
(Banyan Tree, Bo Tree, Fig Tree, Peepul Tree, Rubber Plant, Rubber Tree) House Plants - There are a wide variety of Ficus plants. There are evergreen or leaf losing trees, shrubs and climbing plants. Some are large trees found wild in tropical forests, and several are good for outdoor cultivation in southern Florida and southern California. A milky sap (latex), which soon coagulates, seeps from different kinds of Ficus when injured. At one time, the latex of one or two kinds had a market value aâ€¦

Fig Tree
(Ficus) House Plants - There are a wide variety of Ficus plants. There are evergreen or leaf losing trees, shrubs and climbing plants. Some are large trees found wild in tropical forests, and several are good for outdoor cultivation in southern Florida and southern California. A milky sap (latex), which soon coagulates, seeps from different kinds of Ficus when injured. At one time, the latex of one or two kinds had a market value as rubber. Ficus is the Latin name for the Fig tree, which â€¦

Finocchio
(Foeniculum) F. vulgare variety dulce is the botanical name for this half-hardy or biennial, Sweet Fennel. This herb resembles Dill, but its finely divided, anise-scented foliage is light green instead of blue green and its stems are solid, not hollow like Dill's. Sweet Fennel can grow 4 to 6 feet high in flower. The yellow clusters of flowers aren't abundant until the second season, when the plants are sturdy enough to support good seed yields. F. vulgare variety azoricum is the botanical name â€¦

Fir Tree
(Abies) These hardy, evergreen trees are natives of North America, reaching as far south as Central America and Taiwan, northern Asia, northern Africa and Europe. Abies are commonly known as Fir trees and belong to Pinaceae, a section of the Conifer family, Coniferae. They are valued for planting as lawn ornaments. They usually grow 80 feet or more high and in their native habitats, 200 or more feet high. Only a few Firs can survive in northeastern America; many thrive in the moister Pacifâ€¦

Firecracker Plant
(Russelia) These frost-tender, shrubby perennials (Coral Blow) are natives of tropical America and Mexico. They grow 3 feet or more in height with a spread of 2 feet. The tiny, dark green leaves are scale-like, growing on thin, rush-like stems. In the summer and fall, a profusion of small, tubular, scarlet flowers are borne in hanging clusters. Coral Blows are great for hanging baskets.â€¦

Firefern
(Oxalis) These are hardy and tender plants that are mostly found wild in south Africa and tropical and subtropical America, but can be found in many parts of the world, including North America. Several hardy kinds are gorgeous for the rock garden, a few are showy enough for flower borders and many are great for windows and greenhouses. Oxalis montana (the American Wood Sorrel) is a lovely plant that has green 'Shamrock' leaves and white flowers veined with lilac. Since it's a woodland plant, it â€¦

Firmiana
(Chinese Parasol Tree, Phoenix Tree, Varnish Tree) This attractive, tender tree is a native of Africa and Asia. F.simplex is commonly known as the Chinese Parasol Tree, Phoenix Tree and Varnish Tree. It is very disease and pest resistant and makes a suitable shade tree. The Chinese Parasol Tree is valued for its huge, 5-lobed leaves, which measure up to a foot across. This tree grows fairly quickly when young, eventually reaching a height of 20 to 40 feet. The bark is shiny, grayish green â€¦

Fish Grass
(Cabomba) Cabomba Caroliniana, also called Fish Grass, Washington Plant and Water Shield, is an aquatic plant that is found from southern Illinois to Texas and Florida. The submerged, hair-like leaves of this plant are bright green, fan-shaped and coarsely segmented up to 11/2 inched in diameter. The floating leaves are linear, but not hair-like, with pointed tips up to 2 centimeters in length. This plant produces small white flowers with yellow centers that float on the water's surface.â€¦

Fish-Tail Palm
(Caryota) A tropical plant native to Asia and Australia and belonging to the Palm family, Palmaceae. They have bulky cylindrical trunks and large tufts of finely divided leaves. These plants can grow 40-80 feet tall in their native environments. Young plants are used indoors in a greenhouse or as houseplants. In southern Florida and similar moderate climates, these plants are grown outside.â€¦

Fishbone Thistle
(Cirsium) This group of annuals, biennials, and perennials are natives in damp meadows in central and southwestern Europe and North America. Most of these plants, however, are weeds. The main kinds that are cultivated are as follows: C. Rivulare atropurpureum is a clump forming perennial that grows 4 feet or more high. Its leaves are narrow and deeply divided and produced mostly at the base. The small, dark crimson flowers resemble little thistles. They grow in small bunches atop long stems in mâ€¦

Fishhook Cactus
(Ferocactus) This group consists of about 35 cacti found across the southwest U.S. and northern Mexico. They are excellent for growing in containers on patios and in greenhouses or as landscape plants. When young, they are usually globular shaped, though they eventually become columnar with age, some species gradually reaching a height of up to 13 feet. In the summer, large, bell- or funnel-shaped flowers are produced at the plant's crown. These are usually followed by sticky, yellow berries. Thâ€¦

Fittonia
(Mosaic Plant, Painted Net-Leaf, Painted-Net Leaf, Silver-Net Leaf) These tropical, creeping perennials are natives of Peru. They are grown for their ornamental foliage. They have fleshy, trailing stems and oval, brightly colored leaves. F. Verschaffeltii has olive green leaves veined with scarlet or ruby red. Insignificant flowers grow on this plant and if they are pinched off the plant will be less straggly. Its variety argyroneura has dark, emerald green leaves netted with white; its flowers â€¦

Flamboyant
(Delonix) This tender, flowering tree is native of Madagascar and can only be grown outside in tropical, frost-free climates. D. regia is commonly known as Flamboyant, Flame Tree, Peacock Flower and Royal Poinciana. The Flame Tree grows quickly, ultimately reaching a 20- to 40-foot height with a 30- to 60-foot spread or more. The delicate, fern-like leaves grow 2 feet long and unfurl at about the same time the flowers open in early summer; they fall late in the year. When in flower, the Flame Trâ€¦

Flame Flower
(Tropaeolum) This is a large group of tender annuals and perennials that are found wild from Mexico to Chile. Some are bushy, self-branching plants that grow 1 to 1Â½ feet high and some are climbing or trailing plants, growing 4 to 6 feet. The rounded, peltate leaves grow up to 2 inches across. They are waxy green and some varieties are splashed with white. The fragrant flowers are shaped irregularly and grow 2 to 3 inches across. They are colored rose, pink, red, orange, or yellow. Plucking off â€¦

Flame Tree
(Brachychiton) These tender, succulent trees are natives of Australia. Several varieties of this group have become popular landscape trees in mild climates. The leaves of these plants vary from thin and finger-like to large and slightly lobed. Commonly known as Bottle Trees, all these plants form a fairly thickened trunk. B. rupestris can be grown in a windowsill, greenhouse, or in a container outdoors, as well as a landscaping plant. In the wild, this variety forms a tree up to 26 feet high witâ€¦

Flame Violet
(Episcia) These creeping, tropical perennials are natives of Brazil, Colombia, Guinea, and Surinam. They make great plants for hanging baskets. E. lilacina has reddish-purple, velvety leaves and pale lilac or lavender flowers. E. reptans has puckered, brownish-green leaves that are marked with silvery green. They produce scarlet flowers that are fringed along the borders. E. dianthiflora, the Lace flower, is a beautiful plant with thick, oval, velvety dark green leaves that are toothed along theâ€¦

Flameflower
(Tropaeolum) This is a large group of tender annuals and perennials that are found wild from Mexico to Chile. Some are bushy, self-branching plants that grow 1 to 1Â½ feet high and some are climbing or trailing plants, growing 4 to 6 feet. The rounded, peltate leaves grow up to 2 inches across. They are waxy green and some varieties are splashed with white. The fragrant flowers are shaped irregularly and grow 2 to 3 inches across. They are colored rose, pink, red, orange, or yellow. Plucking off â€¦

Flamingo Flower
(Anthurium) These plants are mainly from tropical America. They are grown for their brightly colored flower spathes or their ornamental leaves. Anthurium andraeanum is a native of Columbia that has orange-red spathes and large heart-shaped leaves. Anthurium crystallinum is native to Columbia and also Peru. Its flowers aren't as striking as the others, but it has large, velvety green leaves with contrasting silvery-white veins. The flowers grow during the spring and summer and they last a lâ€¦

Flamingo Plant
(Anthurium) These plants are mainly from tropical America. They are grown for their brightly colored flower spathes or their ornamental leaves. Anthurium andraeanum is a native of Columbia that has orange-red spathes and large heart-shaped leaves. Anthurium crystallinum is native to Columbia and also Peru. Its flowers aren't as striking as the others, but it has large, velvety green leaves with contrasting silvery-white veins. The flowers grow during the spring and summer and they last a lâ€¦

Flannel Flower
(Actinotus) This genus of 17 species of small annual or perennial herbaceous plantsâ€¦

Flax
(Linum) The Linums or Flaxes form a large group of biennial, annual and perennial herbs and sub-shrubs. They form thick, upright tufts up to 2 feet high. The bluish-green foliage is linear to lanceolate and 1 to 2 inches long. The flowers are 1 to 2 inches across and come in shades of red, violet-blue, white with carmine eye, or rose pink. Each flower lasts a short time, but there are so many and they replace each other continually, over a long period. L. alpinum, the Alpine Flax, is a native ofâ€¦

Floating Fern
(Ceratopteris) These interesting tropical, aquatic Ferns are found in ponds and lakes in many parts of the world, including North America. C. pteridoides, the Floating Fern, is an edible plant from South America. It is found growing wild in Florida, along the Gulf Coast of Mississippi and Louisiana. This plant produces rosettes of pale green, floating, sterile fronds that are buoyed up with internal air pockets. Taller, much-divided, larger, fertile fronds stand upright in the center of these. Vâ€¦

Floating Hearts
(Nymphoides) These hardy and tender, aquatic perennials are originally from Asia, Europe, North America and the tropics. N. aquatica, commonly known as Banana Lily, is hardy only in warm climates. Its floating leaves are 4 inches long and have rough undersides. It produces white flowers. N. cristatum, the Variegated Water Snowflake, has round, floating leaves edged with red. It produces a profusion of white flowers. This plant will need to be kept under control. N. geminata, Yellow Fringe, has gâ€¦

Flora'S Paintbrush
(Emilia) These are pretty annuals originally from India. They grow 1Â½ to 2 feet high and bear orange-scarlet, red or yellow, brush-like flowers; they grow up to an inch across. The leaves grow from the base in clusters up to 6 inches high. Picking off the dead flowers increases their production. These plants provide lovely cut flowers.â€¦

Floral Fire Cracker
(Brevoortia) This is a Californian, bulbous plant that belongs to the Lily family. Brevoortia will grow 1Â½ to 3 feet tall. It bears umbels of tubular, long-lasting flowers that are scarlet with green tips. This plant can grow outdoors in mild climates. It doesn`t do well in most eastern American gardens.â€¦

Florence Fennel
(Foeniculum) F. vulgare variety dulce is the botanical name for this half-hardy or biennial, Sweet Fennel. This herb resembles Dill, but its finely divided, anise-scented foliage is light green instead of blue green and its stems are solid, not hollow like Dill's. Sweet Fennel can grow 4 to 6 feet high in flower. The yellow clusters of flowers aren't abundant until the second season, when the plants are sturdy enough to support good seed yields. F. vulgare variety azoricum is the botanical name â€¦

Flossflower
(Ageratum) These medium and low growing annuals are natives of Mexico. They have ovate leaves, 2 inches long and small clusters of fluffy, lavender-blue, white or pink flowers that are from 2 to 4 inches across. They are used for edging or carpeting flowerbeds, for window and porch boxes and in borders.â€¦

Flower Of Adonis
(Adonis) These hardy perennials and annuals belong to the Buttercup family Ranunculaceae. There is a legend that this plant grew up from the blood of Adonis when he was wounded by a wild animal. These plants, also known as Pheasant's Eye or Flower of Adonis, grow from 6 inches to a foot high, and the same wide. They form clumps of green, fern-like foliage. A. brevistyla is a perennial that is native to damp forests, scrub, and rocky ravines of Bhutan and West China. Its flowers resemble smâ€¦

Flower Of Jove
(Lychnis) This group of perennials, annuals and biennials are found wild in the North Temperate and Arctic zones. These plants are grown for their pretty flowers. The height ranges from 1 to 4 feet among the different varieties. L. viscaria, the Alpine Catchfly, is an erect growing perennial found on dry, rocky hills and cliffs from Europe to western Asia. The green, oval- to lance-shaped leaves are sticky-hairy beneath. In early summer, a profusion of small, sticky, star-shaped flowers are bornâ€¦

Flowering Maple
(Abutilon) These deciduous, tender shrubs and trees are natives of Brazil, tropical Asia and India and are commonly known as Flowering Maples. They have handsome foliage and gorgeous, bell- or saucer-shaped blossoms. A. 'Canary Bird' is a medium-sized shrub with large, apple green leaves and bright yellow, bell-shaped flowers, throughout the summer and into early autumn. A. 'Cannington Peter' is a medium-sized shrub that produces very dark red blossoms during the summer into early fall. Thâ€¦

Flowering Quince
(Chaenomeles) This group consists of three hardy, deciduous shrubs from eastern Asia, commonly known as Flowering Quinces. These thorny shrubs are suitable for growing against walls, in borders and standing alone. Flowering Quinces are easily grown and are valued for their saucer-shaped blossoms, which may be red, pink, orange, or white and are followed by large, fragrant fruits. (The plant that is grown for its edible fruits is, Cydonia, the orchard Quince. Go see.) C. speciosa var. Geisâ€¦

Flowering Rush
(Butomus) This aquatic perennial is a native to Europe and Asia. The Flowering Rush, as it is commonly called, grows up to 3 feet high and has long and narrow, dark green, pointy leaves. From June to August, very long stems rise above the foliage and produce large umbels of rose-colored flowers.â€¦

Flowering Tobacco
(Nicotiana) These are annual, perennial and tender shrubby plants that are mainly natives of America; a few are found on the islands of the Pacific Ocean. This is a large group of plants and one, which is N. Tabacum, is grown commercially as a source of tobacco. These plants form tidy bunches, 1 to 2 feet high. N. alata, N. rustica and N. sylvestris are taller, at 3 to 5 feet high. Their leaves are oval to heart-shaped to elliptic; more grow toward the base. They are 5 to 12 inches long. The tubâ€¦

Foeniculum
(Fennel, Finocchio, Florence Fennel, Sweet Fennel) F. vulgare variety dulce is the botanical name for this half-hardy or biennial, Sweet Fennel. This herb resembles Dill, but its finely divided, anise-scented foliage is light green instead of blue green and its stems are solid, not hollow like Dill's. Sweet Fennel can grow 4 to 6 feet high in flower. The yellow clusters of flowers aren't abundant until the second season, when the plants are sturdy enough to support good seed yields. F. vulgare vâ€¦

Forget-Me-Not
(Myosotis) These plants, commonly known as Forget-me-nots, are found wild in North America, Europe and New Zealand. The Forget-me-nots that are so popular in gardens are varieties of M. sylvatica, a plant that grows wild in Asia and Europe. The plant's height varies from 8 to 24 inches and the thin stems rise above the foliage, which is mostly basal. The leaves are oblong to linear or oblong to lanceolate and 2 to 3 inches long. The tiny flowers are Â¼-inch across, but they grow in abundancâ€¦

Forsythia
(Golden Bells) This group consists of seven hardy, deciduous shrubs, one of which is native to southeast Europe, while the other six are native to East Asia.These shrubs, commonly known as Golden Bells, are valued for their gorgeous display of star-shaped, golden yellow flowers on leafless branches, in the spring. They can be used as a screen, espalier, bank cover, or with other shrubs, as their medium-green foliage blends well. F. 'Arnold Dwarf' is a low-growing, spreading plant that makes a grâ€¦

Fountain Grass
(Pennisetum) These tender and hardy ornamental Grasses are native to Abyssinia, Argentina and South Africa. They range in height from 1 to 10 feet. P. villosum, Feather-top, is a tender perennial that can only be grown outside in mild climates; further North it can be treated as an annual. It forms tufts of flat, linear, mid-green leaves on hairy stems. In late summer, plumes of tiny, creamy pink, bearded spikelets are produced. This variety grows up to 3 feet high. P. Ruppelii, Fountain Gâ€¦

Fountain Plant
(Russelia) These frost-tender, shrubby perennials (Coral Blow) are natives of tropical America and Mexico. They grow 3 feet or more in height with a spread of 2 feet. The tiny, dark green leaves are scale-like, growing on thin, rush-like stems. In the summer and fall, a profusion of small, tubular, scarlet flowers are borne in hanging clusters. Coral Blows are great for hanging baskets.â€¦

Four-Angled Bean
(Psophocarpus) These tender perennials have several common names, Winged Bean, Goa Bean, Four-angled Bean and Princess Pea. These plants come from the Old World tropics and are taller and more massive than Snap Beans. Their foliage is similar, but darker and they bear loose sprays of reddish-brown or white flowers, which are followed by interesting pods that grow up to 9 inches long. Each pod has 4 fluted wings along its length. The skin is waxy and the flesh partially translucent in the young pâ€¦

Four-O'Clock
(Mirabilis) These are tender perennial, herbaceous plants that are found wild in tropical America and North America. They are erect and branching and can grow up to 4 feet high. The leaves are ovate-lanceolate to heart shaped and grow up to 3 inches long. The long, tubular, fragrant flowers have five lobes and are 1 to 2 inches across. They open in the afternoon, thus the common name 'Four-o'clock' and come in white, red, rose, pink, salmon, or yellow and are often mottled with a second color.â€¦

Foxtail Barley
(Hordeum) This ornamental Grass is a native of North America, Asia and Europe. Commonly known as Squirreltail Grass and Foxtail Barley, it produces inflorescences somewhat similar to those of Barley, to which it is related. This Grass is an annual or short-lived perennial and is mainly grown for its flowers that are dried and used for winter arrangements. The Foxtail Barley grows 1 to 2 feet high with a spread of 1 foot. It green leaves are linear and from early to mid-summer, tiny, silky-bristlâ€¦

Foxtail Fern
(Asparagus) Asparagus plants are not only a delicious vegetable, but different species can also be lovely as houseplants. The Asparagus officinalis is the botanical name of the garden variety. It grows wild in southern Europe, southwestern England, and southern Ireland. Most of the greenhouse varieties come from South Africa. These are perennial plants with erect stems and tiny branches bearing inconspicuous flowers followed by reddish berries that contain black seeds. They can be grown outdoorsâ€¦

Fragaria
(Perpetual White, Strawberry, Yellow Fraise) This small group contains a few species of ornamental and edible plants, which may form clumps or runners. F. chiloensis and F. indica are two decorative, low-growing plants, which produce white flowers during the summer. F. ananassa is the species that produces the delicious, edible fruits we commonly know as the garden Strawberry. Strawberries are members of the Rose family. They are herbaceous perennials, although they tend to decline a bit fasterâ€¦

Fragrant Giant Hyssop
(Agastache) Anise Hyssop is a half-hardy perennial native to North America. It is a handsome, erect-growing plant that can reach a height of 4 feet. It has many branches and they are terminated with short spikes of violet-blue flowers. This is a good landscape and bee plant. Its fragrant, anise scented foliage may be used for teas and seasoning.â€¦

Frailea
These small cacti are natives to Brazil. The species belonging to this group are cleistogamous, meaning that their flowers produce seed without even opening. F. castanea forms a spherical, flattened, olive-green to brownish stem only growing 11/4 inches across. It has 10 to 15, almost flat ribs that are centered with a row of close-set, downy areoles. The 7 to 11, tiny spines are reddish at first, eventually turning black. The sulphur-yellow flowers are 11/2 inches long and across and will only â€¦

Francoa
These tender perennials, commonly known as Bridal Wreaths, are natives of Chile. F. sonchifolia grows 24 to 30 inches high or more. It produces basal clumps of round, deeply lobed, dark green, fuzzy leaves with winged leafstalks and compact racemes of small, cup-shaped flowers, in summer and early fall. They are pink with red markings.â€¦

Franklin Tree
(Franklinia) F. alatamaha is an autumn-flowering tree or shrub, commonly known as the Franklin Tree, Franklinia and Gordonia. This tree grows 20 to 30 feet high in the South or West, but only 6 to 10 feet high in the North. The Franklin Tree has reddish brown branches that are covered with 5-inch, glossy bright green leaves. The foliage turns orange and red in the fall at about the same time the flowers open. The fragrant, white flowers are 5 inches across and have golden yellow stamens at the câ€¦

Franklinia
(Franklin Tree, Franklinia, Gordonia) F. alatamaha is an autumn-flowering tree or shrub, commonly known as the Franklin Tree, Franklinia and Gordonia. This tree grows 20 to 30 feet high in the South or West, but only 6 to 10 feet high in the North. The Franklin Tree has reddish brown branches that are covered with 5-inch, glossy bright green leaves. The foliage turns orange and red in the fall at about the same time the flowers open. The fragrant, white flowers are 5 inches across and have goldeâ€¦

Fraxinus
(Ash) These hardy, deciduous trees are commonly known as Ash Trees. Most of the Ashes are natives of the Northern Hemisphere. These quick-growing trees are suitable for growing in yards and along roads; they will survive in almost any soil in wind-swept areas and near the sea. Ashes produce compound leaves with toothed leaflets that turn yellow and purple colors in autumn. Most of these trees produce unnoticeable, greenish-yellow, male and female flowers on separate trees. These are borne in earâ€¦

Freckle Face
(Hypoestes) This group of frost-tender, shrubs and perennials are native to South Africa, Madagascar and southeast Asia. The few plants that are cultivated are grown mainly for their foliage. H. phyllostachya (Freckleface and Polka-Dot Plant) grows up to 30 inches high and wide. It is a bushy plant with dark green, oval, softly downy leaves covered with tiny pink speckles. Small, tubular, lavender flowers are produced intermittently.â€¦

Freesia
This group consists of 19 tender, deciduous, perennial corms from South Africa. These members of the Iris family, Iridaceae, bear extremely fragrant flowers in the spring. They are suitable for growing in borders and in containers outside or as houseplants. Freesias grow from 12 to 18 inches tall producing fans of small, sword-shaped leaves. In the spring, long, thin stalks grow above the leaves and bear clusters of dainty, trumpet-shaped flowers up to 2 inches long. The sweetly scented flâ€¦

French Celery
(Apium) This is the botanical name for Celery, Leaf Celery (also called French Celery or Chinese Celery) and Celeriac (also called Knob Celery, Celery Root, or Turnip-rooted Celery).â€¦

French Parsley
(Anthriscus) A. cerefolium, Chervil or French Parsley, is an annual herb, which grows wild in southern Europe. Chervil grows up to 12 inches high and 18 inches wide. It resembles Parsley with its fine, light green leaves. It is widely used in French cuisine to add a delicate anise flavor, or as a garnish. A. sylvestris 'Ravenswing' is a hardy perennial, which forms clumps of finely divided, fern-like foliage that is green at first and black-purple when mature. The tiny flowers grow in clusâ€¦

Fringe Tree
(Chionanthus) This group consists of about 120 deciduous trees or shrubs, of which two are often grown. The most popular is C. virginicus, a native of the eastern U.S. and commonly known as Fringe Tree and Old-Man's-Beard. It is usually a shrub growing 8 to 12 feet high, but in good conditions can grow into a tree 20 to 30 feet high. The Fringe Tree doesn't open its large, 3- to 8-inch, obovate-oblong leaves until late spring or early summer. Fringe trees grow slowly, but begin to blossom when tâ€¦

Fritillaria
This group consists of about 100 deciduous, perennialbulbs native to the Northern Hemisphere. They are suitable for growing in borders, meadows, woodland gardens, and containers. Some species grow up to 4 feet tall, while others average 10 inches in height. In the spring, all Fritillaries produce beautiful, cup- or bell-shaped, nodding flowers, with a shiny yellow receptacle of nectar near the inner base of the petals. The delicate flowers are curiously blotched or checkered with various â€¦

Frogbit
(Hydrocharis) This hardy, aquatic perennial, commonly known as Frogbit, is native to Asia and Europe. Resembling a miniature Water Lily, Frogbits produce glossy green, kidney-shaped leaves, about an inch across. These grow in rosettes on the surface of the water, from long petioles. The undersides of the leaves are covered with spongy, air-holding tissue. Stolons grow from the leaf axils during the summer to produce new rosettes. Unnoticeable white flowers grow among the leaves. Frogbits aren't â€¦

Fuchsia
(Lady's Eardrops) These tender shrubs are mainly natives of Central and South America and New Zealand. They are great plants for greenhouses, window boxes, baskets, homes, and flower beds. In areas where Fuchsias are hardy enough to live outdoors they can grow into beautiful, tall shrubs and may be planted to form hedges. In less mild areas of North America, Fuchsias may be killed down in the winter, but in the spring, new shoots will push up from the base of the shrubs. In these places, Fuchsiaâ€¦

Gaillardia
(Blanketflower) These are hardy annual and perennial North American plants. They form mounds, 8 to 18 inches high. The basal leaves are linear to lanceolate, 3 to 4 inches long. The single or double flowers resemble Daisies and grow singly on wiry stems. They are 2 to 3 inches across. G. 'Dazzler' has beautiful, large flowers with bright orange-red central disks and petals; the petals are tipped with golden yellow. G. aristata also has large, Daisy-like flowers, but they have bright yellow petalâ€¦

Galanthus
This group consists of twelve early-blooming perennial bulbs native to the woods of Turkey and Europe. Commonly known as Fair-Maids-of-February and Snowdrops, these dainty plants are often seen pushing up through the snow to bloom in late winter or early spring. Snowdrops produce clumps of slender green leaves from 6 to 12 inches high and white flowers with a dab of green on each petal. The bell-shaped, pendent blossoms each grow from a single, slender stem. G. nivalis (Common Snowdrop) pâ€¦

Galega
These hardy perennials are natives of southern and eastern Europe. The leaves of these plants are divided into 4 to 10 oval leaflets and they bear pea-like flowers in the summer. G. orientalis is an upright plant producing erect spikes of small, violet flowers tinted with blue. It grows up to 4 feet high. G. hartlandii 'Lady Wilson' bears branched spikes of small, lilac-blue and pinkish-white flowers. This plant will grow up to 5 feet high.â€¦

Galium
(Baby's Breath, Bedstraw, Lady's Bedstraw, Sweet Woodruff, Yellow Bedstraw) This group of plants is includes hardy and tender herbaceous perennials, which are natives of Europe and most of which have been naturalized in North America. The name is derived from gala, milk, and refers to the fact that G. verum has been used to curdle milk. G. odoratum, Sweet Woodruff, is a hardy perennial, which grows 12 to18 inches high. This plant gives off an aroma resembling freshly mown hay and May wineâ€¦

Galtonia
This group consists of three deciduous, perennial bulbs native to South Africa. They are suitable for growing in gardens and containers and their flowers will last more than a week when cut. Summer or Cape Hyacinths (their common names) produce fleshy, strap-like leaves up to 3 feet tall. In the summer, 2- to 4-foot flower spikes rise from the tufts of grass-green foliage. They can bear up to 30, pendant, funnel-shaped, fragrant, white flowers along the flower spike. G. viridiflora (Greenâ€¦

Garbanzo Bean
(Cicer) This annual is commonly known as the Garbanzo Bean or Chick Pea. The Garbanzo Bean is a native of Asia and an important food item from the Mediterranean countries to India; they are full of protein and starch. These plants are busy and grow 1 to 2 feet high. They resemble vetch more than peas or beans. They have compound leaves composed of 9 to 15 leaflets and produce short, bloated pods that contain 1 or 2 wrinkled seeds; the pods are about an inch long. For as much space that is taken â€¦

Garden Apple
(Lycopersicon) Lycopersicon is the botanical name for the Tomato plant. The fruits of these plants are international favorites and there are more varieties sold of it than of any other vegetable. They may be eaten cooked or raw and are a good source of vitamins. The Tomato loves sunshine and is grown as a warm-weather annual, although it is actually a tender perennial. It is grown in greenhouses where summers are too cool for pollination and fruit to set in gardens. The garden varieties of Tomatâ€¦

Garden Cress
(Lepidium) This vegetable is commonly known as Peppergrass, Curled Cress and Garden Cress. The Curled Cress grows quickly and produces medium green leaves, which are cut deeply giving them a lacy look. They have a pungent taste and are used in small amounts in salads or cold stuffings, or as a garnish. It makes a suitable substitute for watercress in the spring and autumn.â€¦

Garden Loosestrife
(Lysimachia) Golden Globes.These hardy and tender perennials and annuals are found throughout the temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. A few grow wild in Australia, South Africa and South America. Few of the Loosestrifes have value in the garden. L. clethroides (Gooseneck Loosestrife) is a vigorous growing perennial from Japan that forms clumps of lance-shaped, mid-green leaves that are yellowish when young. The tiny, star-shaped, white flowers are borne in compactâ€¦

Garden Sorrel
(Rumex) These hardy perennials grow mainly as pesky weeds. The leaves are usually lance-shaped and vary in length from a few inches to a few feet. Some have bright green leaves, some are stained or striped with red, and one, R. sanguineus, has blood red veins. R. Hydrolapathum, the Great Water Dock, grows up to 7 feet high. The length of its leaves average 2 feet. It is sometimes planted in shallow water on the edges of ponds for the beauty of its large leaves. R. acetosa, the Garden Sorrel, is â€¦

Gardener'S Garters
(Phalaris) These hardy annual and perennial ornamental Grasses are found wild in most North Temperate regions. P. arundinacea (Ribbon grass, Gardener's garters) is an invasive perennial that forms clumps of evergreen, broadly linear leaves, which are green striped with white. The tiny, light greenish brown flowers are borne in thin panicles, in the summer. This Grass grows up to 3 feet high and has a limitless spread. P. canariensis (Canary Grass) is an annual with green leaves and variegated flâ€¦

Gardenia
(Cape Jasmine, Gardenia) These are tender shrubs from China, Japan, tropical and South Africa. They grow into bushes or small trees. They have ovate, glossy, dark green leaves and large, white, waxy, fragrant flowers that can be single or double. Gardenias are rarely successful when grown as houseplants. Lack of humidity is a big part of that, but other reasons may include drafts, fluctuating temperatures, insufficient sunlight, and keeping the required acidity of the soil. The hothouse plant, Gâ€¦

Garland Flower
(Daphne) This group consists of about fifty hardy and tender, evergreen and deciduous shrubs from Europe, North Africa, and Asia. Most of these shrubs are small, but some grow quite large and some are prostrate plants suitable for the rock garden. Daphne produce fragrant, tubular-shaped flowers that come in a variety of colors. They are suitable for cutting, though the scent, if placed in a small space, may become overpowering. Take care when children and pets are around as these plants are poisâ€¦

Garlic
(Allium) These hardy bulbs grow wild in many parts of the world. Many of the varieties are commonly known vegetables such as the Chives, Garlic, Leek, Onion, Ramp and Shallot. Many kinds are grown for their pretty clusters of flowers, which come in an array of colors during the spring and summer. Some of the smaller kinds are great for the rock garden and some in the flower border. A. Rosenbachianum is one of the prettiest grown for its flowers. It produces rose-purple flowers on 2Â½- to 3-foot sâ€¦

Gasteria
(Cow Tongue Cactus, Lawyer's Tongue, Ox Tongues, Warty Aloe) This group of succulent plants is native to South Africa. These plants are commonly known as Ox Tongues, Cow Tongue Cactus and Lawyer's Tongues because of the shape of their leaves. Their long, slender, fleshy leaves form two facing, erect rows when young, with some varieties spiraling into a rosette with age. Their dark green leaves are often spotted, mottled, or striped with white. The name Gasteria is derived from gaster, belâ€¦

Gaultheria
(Checkerberry, Creeping Pearlberry, Salal, Shallon, Teaberry, Wintergreen) This group consists of 150 fragrant, evergreen shrubs native to the Andes, North America, Australasia, and eastern Asia. These shrubs produce tufts of shiny or leathery, oval leaves and, in late spring or early summer, pendant, white, bell-shaped flowers. The flowers are followed by fleshy, red or black fruit. G. procumbens (Checkerberry; Teaberry; Wintergreen) is a hardy, creeping shrub that forms mats of dark green leavâ€¦

Gazania
(Treasure Flower) These frost-tender perennials are usually grown as annuals; they are originally from South Africa. The leaves form basal rosettes of spoon-shaped or divided leaves, which are waxy, green above and silvery below. They are 3 to 5 inches long. They bear pretty, daisy-like flowers on single stems that are 6 to 8 inches long, in the summer. The flowers grow 3 inches across and may be yellow, orange, pink, mahogany or white, and are often bi-colored. The flowers close at night and inâ€¦

Genista
(Broom, Dyers' Greenweed, Needle Furze, Petty Whin, Spanish Gorse) This group consists of about eighty evergreen and deciduous, hardy and tender shrubs or small trees that are natives of Europe, western Asia, and North Africa. These plants, commonly known as Brooms, have whip-like branches and green branchlets that are sparsely covered with foliage. The masses of pea-like flowers are produced from late spring to late summer, depending on the variety. Brooms come in a variety of shapes and sizes â€¦

Genista-Leaved Toadfla
(Linaria) Linaria (Toadflax) is a large group of annuals, biennials and perennials belonging to the Snapdragon family, Scrophulariaceae. Toadflaxes are useful for growing in the flower border, the rock and wall garden, for growing in the crevices of flagged or paved paths, and for cutting. Some varieties can even be cultivated in a greenhouse. L. triornithophora (Three Birds Toadflax) is an erect-growing perennial from 2 to 3 feet in height. It grows wild in the scrub and hedgerows of Spain and â€¦

Copy of `Botany - Flower terms`

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