
Merriam-Webster defines chemotaxonomy as the method of biological classification based on similarities in the structure of certain compounds among the organisms being classified. Advocates argue that, because proteins are more closely controlled by genes and less subjected to natural selection than are anatomical features, they are more reliable i...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotaxonomy

Chemotaxonomy is the classification of plants and micro organisms based on similarities and differences in their natural products and the biochemical pathways involved in their manufacture.
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http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/browse/BC.HTM

chemotaxonomy, chemotaxonomic 1. In botany, the process and methods of classifying plants based on a chemical analysis of their products.2. Classification of organisms based on differences at the biochemical level, especially in the amino acid sequences of common proteins. Also called chemosystematics.
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http://www.wordinfo.info/words/index/info/view_unit/2093/3

the identification and classification of organisms by comparative analysis of their biochemical composition.
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https://www.infoplease.com/dictionary/chemotaxonomy
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