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Superglossary - TV Category: Technical and IT > TV Date & country: 09/12/2013, USA Words: 643

Abstract Animation
An aesthetic tenet of animation which sees animation as consisting of lines, shapes and colors, abst

AC-3
The 5.1-channel sound system specified in the Standard for Digital-HDTV. Also known as 'Dolby Digita

Access Card
Also know as a smart card, is a removable credit card-size plastic card included with each satellite

Act (Segment)
A portion or segment of the narrative presented between commercial breaks. Consists of one or more s

Active Display Area
The area on the face of the CRT that the image is displayed on.

Actor Movement
Typically referred to by the theatrical term, blocking.

Actualities
Events from the historical world used in news and sports programs.

Ad Hoc Network
A group of stations that is formed for a special purpose, such as the showing of a one-time TV progr

Additional Outlet (A-O)
Receivers other than the primary one can be connected to the dish allowing other televisions in the

Additive Color
In video, the combination of red, green and blue phosphors to generate all other colors.

Addressable Resolution
The highest resolution signal that a display device (TV or monitor) can accept. Caution

Adjacency
A commercial or program that immediately follows or precedes another on the same TV station.

Advanced Television (ATV)
Advanced Television is an earlier term used to describe the development and advance applications of

Advertising Weight
A measure of advertising delivery, normally stated in terms of number of commercials, homes reached,

Aesthetic
A philosophy of the beautiful

Affidavit
A notarized statement from a television station that confirms the commercial actually ran at the tim

Affiliate
A TV station, not owned by a network, that grants a network use of specific time periods for network

Alternate Delivery Systems (ADS)
TV homes with unwired cable access are referred to as having Alternate Delivery Systems. The four co

Ambient Sound
Background sounds of a particular room or location.

Amplified Gain
Gain is the ratio of the amount of power you can reach in one direction from the antenna to the amou

Analog
The technology in use for more than 50 years to transmit conventional radio and TV signals. Vinyl re

Analog Sound
An electronic replica of a sound wave on audio or video tape

Analog TV
Analog TV is the NTSC Standard for traditional television broadcasts. Analog signals vary continuous

Anamorphic
A widescreen film process (under such trademark names as cinemascope and Panavision) used to create

Animation
The drawing (either electronically or on a physical medium) of motion. Usually animation is complete

Antagonist
Character and/or situation that hinders the protagonist from achieving his or her goal(s).

Anti-Naturalist Performance
Performance style in which the viewer is kept aware that the actor is pretending to be a character.

Aperture
In terms of a narrative

Arcing
A term used in television studio production to refer to the semi-circular sideways movement of the c

Aristocracy
In Marxism, the most elite social class--consisting of individuals who do not work, and hold power t

Artifacts
Unwanted visible effects in the picture created by disturbances in the transmission or image process

Aspect Ratio
The ratio of television picture width to height no matter the size of the screen. Since the 1940s TV

Audience Composition
The distribution of a station's audiences by demographic group.

Audience Duplication
The extent to which the audience of one station is exposed to that of another.

Audience Flow
A measure of the change in audience during and between programs. Audience flow shows the percentages

Audio-Video Jacks
Standard definition Satellite TV system receivers would normally include three jacks

Auteur Theory
Posits that a director is the author of a film/television program in the same manner that a writer i

Average Audience (AA)
A widely used rating term, expressed as a percentage, to reflect viewing to the average minute of a

Average Quarter-Hour Audience
Estimated number of people who watch a program or station for a minimum of five minutes within a spe

Axis Of Action
In the continuity (or 180) system, the line of action around which the space of the scene is oriente

Azimuth
This refers to the horizontal direction of a satellite. It would have a different azimuth in Los Ang

Back Channel
A means of communication from users to content providers. As content providers are transmitting inte

Back Light
In the three-point lighting system, the source of illumination placed behind and above the actor. It

Balance
In video and film, the blending of three colors (red, green, and blue in video

Bandwidth
A range of frequencies used to transmit information such as picture and sound. For TV broadcasters,

Barn Doors
A term used in television production to describe the effect that occurs when a 4:3 image is viewed o

Barter
The exchange of quantities of commercial time for merchandise or services.

Barter Syndication
A program distribution method in which the syndicator retains and sells a portion of the show

Base
In film production terms, the celluloid backing of a piece of film to which the emulsion adheres. In

Baseband
The raw satellite TV signal before it is re-modulated to become a signal that is suitable for a TV.

Basic Cable
Channels received by cable subscribers at no extra charge, usually supported by advertising and smal

Beam
A satellite transmission pattern. It may be wide, narrow or spot. This affects the satellites footp

Billboard
A brief announcement, usually 3, 5 or 10 seconds in length, and usually earned by advertisers paying

Bird
An alternative name for a satellite.

Bit
Bit is short for 'binary' digit

Bit Rate
Measured as 'bits per second,' and used to express the rate at which data is transmitted or processe

Blackouts
A particular programming service may not be available in certain areas of the country - usually beca

Blocking
The actor's movement around a set

Blue Screens
On a newsroom set, areas of the background that are blue (or green), onto which live images or maps

Boom Operator
The sound technician who physically operates the overhead boom microphone.

Bourgeoisie
In Marxist terms, the middle class

Brand Development Index (BDI)
A measure of the relationship of a specific brand's sales to population in a specific geographic are

Brand Parity
In the context of advertising, when all products are essentially the same. Contrast with a product'

Brechtian Performance
Anti-naturalist, confrontational performance style based in the theories of German playwright Bertol

Brightness (Luminance)
In the context of television's image quality, how bright or dark a color is.

Broadband Services
High-speed cable Internet, digital cable and digital phone services all through a single pipeline.

Broadcast Calendar
This standard Broadcast calendar, created in the 1960s, is designed to conform to the uniform billin

Broadcast Coverage Area
The geographic area that receives a signal from an originating television station.

Bug
A small network or station logo superimposed in a corner of the frame.

Cable Television (Cable Tv Or Catv)
A television distribution system whereby TV signals are transmitted via cable (insulated wire), rath

Caller Id
A feature in some satellite receivers that displays the caller's telephone number on your TV if the

Camera Obscura
A darkened chamber with a hole in one wall through which light enters, creating an image of the outd

Camera Operator
The person who actually handles the film or video camera.

Campaign
A specific advertising effort on behalf of a particular product or service which extends for a speci

Cardioid Microphone
A unidirectional microphone with most of its sensitivity aimed toward the front, and a pickup patter

Castle Rock Broadcast Center
The facility which provides directv with television reception, playback, encoding, and up-linking.

Category Development Index (CDI)
A measure of the relationship of a specific category's sales to population in a specific geographic

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
A television picture tube. The cathode ray excites the pixels to create the video image.

Cause-Effect Chain
In narrative structure, the way one event leads to (causes) another and is the result (effect) of a

Cel (Celluloid)
A transparent sheet of plastic, on which images are drawn and painted in the production of animation

Channel
A 6 mhz (bandwidth) section of broadcasting spectrum allocated for one analog NTSC transmission.

Check Switch
Running a check switch procedure starts a series of tests in DISH Network satellite TV system receiv

Chiaroscuro
A low-key lighting style, usually in reference to theatrical productions or the dark paintings of Re

Chroma Key
An electronic special effects process, specific to video, making a single color (usually blue or gre

Chrominance
The level of saturation of a color

Cinemascope
A widescreen, anamorphic film process with an aspect ratio of 2.35 to 1.

Cinematographer
The person overseeing all aspects of the film image--including lighting and the operation of the cam

Cinematography
The process of making a film image, and the characteristics of the film image.

Clarke Belt
Named after its founder Arthur C. Clarke, the Clarke Belt is an orbit used by satellites at a height

Classical Hollywood Cinema
A conventional style of filmmaking with a particular model of narrative structure, editing technique

Classical Period
In the history of theatrical cinema, the 1920s-50s when the Hollywood studio system of film producti

Cliff Effect
A characteristic that causes DTV reception to deteriorate dramatically with a small change in signal

Close Miking
The positioning of a microphone very close to the performer's mouth--often used by radio and TV anno

Close-Up (Cu)
A framing that presents a close view of an object or person--filling the frame and separating it or

Closed Captioning
Text stream included in broadcast signal that provides narrative description of dialogue, action, so

Closure
Occurs when enigmas opened at the beginning of a program and throughout are resolved

Clutter
Excessive amounts of advertising carried by media vehicles. Term refers to the total amount of adver

Co-Op Advertising
TV advertising paid for jointly by a manufacturer and retailer.

Code
A set of rules

Codec
Short for 'coder-decoder'. A device that converts analog video and audio signals into a digital form