Espalier definitions

Espalier

1) French word used in English 2) Patio decoration 3) Shrubbery framework 4) Treillage 5) Trellis 6) Trellis for shrubs 7) Trellis of a kind
Found on https://www.crosswordclues.com/clue/espalier

Espalier (ɪər or eɪ) is the horticultural and ancient agricultural practice of controlling woody plant growth for the production of fruit, by pruning and tying branches to a frame, frequently in formal patterns, flat against a structure such as a wall, fence, or trellis, and also plants which have been shaped in this way. Espaliers, trained int...
Found on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espalier

espalier

a series of fruit trees trained on a framework of lines and stakes to form a hedge.
Found on http://faculty.bsc.edu/jtatter/glossary.html

espalier

lattice on which trees are trained across
Found on http://phrontistery.info/e.html

Espalier

• (n.) A railing or trellis upon which fruit trees or shrubs are trained, as upon a wall; a tree or row of trees so trained. • (v. t.) To form an espalier of, or to protect by an espalier.
Found on http://thinkexist.com/dictionary/meaning/espalier/

espalier

tree or other plant that is trained to grow flat against a support (such as a trellis or wall). The term also denotes the trellis or other support ... [2 related articles]
Found on http://www.britannica.com/eb/a-z/e/44

Espalier

a plant trained to grow flat against a wall or trellis.
Found on http://www.encyclo.co.uk/local/20003

Espalier

The method of training a tree or shrub as to grow in a pattern. Often pear trees, apple trees, or ornamentals.
Found on http://www.encyclo.co.uk/local/20077

Espalier

A fruit tree or shrub that is trained by pruning and tying to grow flat against a wall or fence. Branches are trained horizontally to form matching pairs on either side of a main stem
Found on http://www.encyclo.co.uk/visitor-contributions.php

Espalier

Es·pal'ier noun [ French espalier , from Italian spalliera , from spalla shoulder, the same word as French épaule . See Epaulet .] (Hort.) A railing or trellis upon which fruit trees or shrubs are trained, as upon a wall; a tree or row of trees so trained. &...
Found on http://www.encyclo.co.uk/webster/E/67

Espalier

Es·pal'ier transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Espaliered ; present participle & verbal noun Espaliering .] To form an espalier of, or to protect by an espalier.
Found on http://www.encyclo.co.uk/webster/E/67

Espalier

An espalier is a wooden framework on which fruit-trees or creepers are trained to grow horizontally with the object of securing for the plant a freer circulation of air ad a full exposure to the sun.
Found on http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/browse/AE.HTM

Espalier is a method of growing trees by tying branches and foliage onto a flat upright frame. This is done for ornamental effect, e.g. to line a path or to maximise productivity in a small area, e.g. in a kitchen garden.
Found on https://plewsgardendesign.co.uk/garden-advice/gardening-glossary/