
A substorm, sometimes referred to as a magnetospheric substorm or an auroral substorm, is a brief disturbance in the Earth`s magnetosphere that causes energy to be released from the `tail` of the magnetosphere and injected into the high latitude ionosphere. Visually, a substorm is seen as a sudden brightening and increased movement of auroral a......
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substorm

A brief (2- to 3-hour) disturbance in Earth's magnetosphere that happens when the interplanetary magnetic field turns southward, allowing interplanetary and terrestrial magnetic field lines to merge at the dayside magnetopause and energy to be transferred from the solar wind to the magnetosphere. Th...
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http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/S/substorm.html
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