The mark system is a social organization that rests on the common tenure and common cultivation of the land by small groups of freemen. Both politically and economically the mark was an independent community, and its earliest members were doubtless blood relatives. In its origin the word is the same as mark or march, a boundary. First used in this...
Found on
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_system
penal method developed about 1840 by Alexander Maconochie at the English penal colony of Norfolk Island (located east of Australia). Instead of ... [1 related articles]
Found on
http://www.britannica.com/eb/a-z/m/37
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