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Gardening with Confidence - gardening advice Category: Agriculture and Industry > Gardening terms Date & country: 23/06/2018, USA Words: 472

Acid
An acid or sour substance that has a pH below 7.0.

Acidic soil
Acidic soil

Aeroponics
Growing plants by misting roots suspended in air.

Aeration
Supplying soil and roots with air or oxygen.

Aerobic
Having oxygen.

Aggressive
Referring to a plant’s active growth behavior.

Agriculture
The art and science of cultivating land for production of food.

Agamospermy
Asexual reproduction in which seeds are produced from unfertilized ovules.

Aggregate
Clumps of inorganic material of varying size.

Akaline
Refers to soil with high ph; any pH over 7.0 is considered alkaline.

All-Purpose Fertilizer
A balanced blend of N-P-K; all purpose fertilizer is used by most growers.

Alternate
Horticulturally speaking, alternate refers to leaves that are arranged on the stem in alternating fashion.

Allelopathic
Allelopathic is a biological phenomenon by which an organism produces one or more biochemicals that influence the growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms.

Alkaline soil
The pH scale is logarithmic, from 0 to 14 with 7 being neutral. Soil with a pH level above 7 is alkaline. The higher the pH, the more alkaline it is. Alkaline soil is also referred to as basic soil.

Amendment
Fortifying soil by adding organic or mineral substances in order to improve texture, nutrient content or biological activity.

Antiphlogistic
A substance that functions to relieve inflammation and fever.

Antipyretics
From the Greek anti, against, and pyreticus, pertaining to fever, are substances that reduce fever. Antipyretics cause the hypothalamus to override an interleukin-induced increase in temperature.

Anther
The part of a stamen that contains the pollen.

Anthocyanins
Water-soluble vacuolar pigments that may appear red, purple, or blue depending on the pH.

Anthropogenic
Man-made or disturbed habitats.

Angiosperm
A flowering plant whose seeds are housed within an ovary.

Annual
Annuals are plants that complete their life cycle (from germination to seed) in a single growing season. Basil is an example of an annual.

Anaerobic
Without Oxygen.

Apomixis
Asexual reproduction in plants, in particular agamospermy.

Apetalous
A flower having no pedal, such as a Lindera sp.

Arching
As in arching branches–have the curved shape of an arch.

ArchiTorture
This is my new favorite word. There are many definitions, but I’m defining it for the hobby gardeners. When a garden has a little bit of this and a little bit of that. The garden becomes disconnected. Brick edging, cinderblock raised beds, plastic pots. In design, consistency is key. Learn when enough is enough.

Aril
Fleshy outgrowth that partially or completely surrounds the seed in some plants. Ex. the berry-like fruit on an English Yew.

Aromatic
Having a pleasing scent from a plant or plant parts.

Arbor
An arbor serves as a portal into a garden room, a transition point to tell a visitor it’s time to pause, to change perspective. Training vines to cover the arbor brings garden life to another dimension. There are so many reasons to want to find the perfect spot in your garden to add an arbor.

Arborist
An professional trained in the art and science of planting, caring for, and maintaining individual trees.

Ascending
Describes an upright growth habit.

Asexual
Propagation with out pollination.

Auxin
Classification of plant hormones; auxins are responsible for foliage and root elongation.

Axil
The upper angle between the leaf and stem.

Axillary Bud
A bud that grows from the axil of a leaf and may develop into a branch or flower cluster.

Bacteria
Very small, one-celled organisms.

Bare Root
Plants sold without soil around the roots. Many roses come bare root as do asparagus. Bare-root plants are dormant, deciduous, woody plants that are shipped without soil in late winter. The most common examples are roses and fruit trees.

Berry Berry
The botanical definition of a berry is a fleshy fruit produced from a single flower and containing one ovary. Grapes and avocados are two common examples. The berry is the most common type of fleshy fruit in which the entire ovary wall ripens into an edible pericarp. They may have one or more carpels. The seeds are usually embedded in the fleshy interior of the ovary, but there are some non-fleshy exceptions, such as peppers, that have air rather than pulp around their seeds.

Bedding Plants
Bedding plants typically refer to plants that are produced and sold for mass plantings in a flower bed.

Beneficial Insect
Insects that are benefitial to have in the garden and landscape.

Bed
The terms garden bed and garden border are often used interchangeable; but I make the distinction of where the garden plot is placed in the garden. A garden bed is place to plant that typically doesn’t have a backside to it, such as an island bed.

Biodegradable
A material that is able to decompose or break down through natural bacterial or fungal action, substances made of organic matter are biodegradable.

Boxwood hedgeShearing
Something cut off by shearing. Pruning boxwoods is a good example.

Book Cover PhotoHelen’s Haven
My home garden; a certified wildlife habitat.

Border
A garden border typically refers to garden space that has a backdrop, and borders the property.

Botany
The scientific study of plants.

Bolt
Term used to describe a plant that has gone to seed prematurely.

Bonsai
A very short or dwarfed plant.

Bramble
A shrub with thorns that is in the rose family, such as blackberries and raspberries.

Breathe
Roots draw in or breathe oxygen, stomata draw in or breathe carbon dioxide.

Broad Spectrum
Pesticides that affect a wide variety of pest. No such pesticide is used in Helen’s Haven.

Broadcast
To spread fertilizer over a large growing area.

Broadleaved Evergreens
A plant with leaves year-round.

Bract
In botany, a bract is a modified or specialized leaf, especially one associated with a reproductive structure such as a flower, inflorescence axis, or cone scale. Good examples of bracts are the modified leaves of the poinsettia and hellebore.

Bulb
Not all bulb are the same. There are five types of bulbs falling under that title

Butterfly Cycle
The butterfly life cycle goes from egg, to caterpillar, to chrysalis, and finally the full-fledged butterfly. Butterflies feed on specific host plants while in the caterpillar (or larvae) stage. Adult butterflies will sip nectar to provide energy.

Bud Blight
A withering condition that attacks flower buds.

Bud Break
When the buds break open after a period of dormancy.

Budding
Budding is a term with two meaning–one for propagation and the other for what a plant naturally does as it emerges from the cold of winter.

Buffering
The ability of a substance to reduce shock and cushion against pH fluctuations.

Bud
An embryonic shoot that normally occurs in the axil of a leaf or at the tip of a stem. The nickname of my oldest child.

Carbon Dioxide
(CO2) A colorless, odorless, tasteless gas in the air necessary for plant life and biomass accumulation.

Carnivorous Plant
A plant that attracts and consumes insects.

Carpel
Carpel is one of the leaflike, seed-bearing structures that constitute the innermost whorl of a flower. One or more carpels make up the pistil. Fertilization of an egg within a carpel by a pollen grain from another flower results in seed development within the carpel.

Cauliflory
Cauliflory is the botanical term referring to plants which flower and fruit from their main stems or woody trunks rather than from new growth and shoots.

Caustic
Capable of destroying, killing or eating away by chemical activity.

Calyx
The calyx is outer whorl of protective leaves around the base of the flowers.

Cambium
Tissue in the plant that produces new cells.

Cane
A hollow or pithy jointed, wood stem.

Carbohydrate
Neutral compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Sugar, starch and cellulose are carbohydrates.

Cellulose
A complex carbohydrate that stiffens a plant tissue

Ceraunophile
A person who loves lightening and thunder. (Me.)

Cell
The base structural unit that plants are made of; cells contain a nucleus, that houses it’s DNA.

Chlorotic Foliage
A condition in which the leaves of a plant turn yellow is called chlorotic foliage. This is usually caused by an iron deficiency in the soil or lack of oxygen to the roots due to over watering.

Chloroplast
Containing chlorophyll.

Chlorosis
The condition of a sick plant with yellowing leaves due to inadequate formation of chlorophyll chlorosis is caused by nutrient deficiency, usually iron or imbalanced pH.

Chlorine
Chemical used to purify water.

Chlorophyll
Green coloring matter of leaves and plants, essential to the production of carbohydrates by photosynthesis.

Chalkbrood
A mycosis (a disease caused by a fungus), which affects bee brood. It is an infectious disease of the larvae, and is caused by a fungus called “Ascosphaera apis.”

Chelate
Combining nutrients in an atomic ring that is easy for plants to absorb.

Chimera
A single organism composed of cells from different zygotes. This can result in male and female organs, two blood types, or subtle variations in form.

Clone
An identical reproduction of the parent plant.

Cloy
Disgust or sicken (someone) with an excess of sweetness, richness, or sentiment.

Climate
The average condition of the weather in a garden room or outdoors.

Cloche
A bell-snapped glass cover that is placed over a seedling in the early season to protect from cold temperatures and to encourage growth.

Cleistogamy
A type of automatic self-pollination. Certain plants can propagate by using non-opening, self-pollinating flowers. Especially well known in peanuts, peas, and beans. This behavior is most widespread in the grass family.

Clay
Soil made of very fine organic mineral particles, clay is not suitable for container gardening, but works very well in the garden bed when amended with organic matter. A country and western turned pollution in NC

Cotyledon
Energy storage components of a seed that feed the plant before the emergence of its first true leaves.

Cover Crop
A crop that is planted by gardeners to improve soil health.

Corolla
The petals of a flower are called the corolla.

Cottage Garden
A Cottage Garden is a style of garden that is free-flowing and filled with flowers.

Core
The transformer in the ballast is referred to as the core in hid lighting systems.

Corm
Corms are similar to true bulbs, in that they contain a stem base, but they do not hold the entire baby plant. The roots growing from a basal plate are located on the bottom of the corm. (The basal plate is the base area of the bulb.) The growth point is located on the top of the corm. A corm only lasts for a single season, but a new corm will form on top of the old. Plus, “cormels” are also produced, forming around the base of the corm’s basal plate. Popular corms include gladiolas and crocus.

Cool-season grasses
Cool-season grasses are those grasses actively growing when its cool, and its green in the summer, as well as, the winter. Common cool-season grasses include fescues, bent grass, and bluegrass. Cool-season grasses tend to flourish in the spring after breaking winter dormancy and in early fall, when temperatures moderate and droughts and heat waves are typically behind us.

Conifer
A group of cone-bearing plants.

Cool-season crops
Plants that tribe during cooler temperatures.

Compost Tea
Authentic Haven Brand Moo Poo is my go-to organic tea fertilizer.

Cone
The conical fruit of pines, firs, and cedars.

Conical
Describes the shape of a tree where the base is the widest point of the plant and it gradually becomes more narrow at the top.