Copy of `Daneke Club Lambs - Lambing terms`

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Daneke Club Lambs - Lambing terms Category: Agriculture and Industry > Sheep and lambs Date & country: 27/01/2014, USA Words: 315

femininity
Possession of well-developed secondary female sex characteristics.

felting
The property of wool fibers to interlock with each other if they are rubbed together under pressure and in moist condition while heated.

fell
The thin parchment like membrane (tissue or skin) covering lamb. It should be removed on all cuts.

feeder lamb
A lamb lacking in weight and/or finish that is usually placed in a feedlot for finishing to slaughter weight and grade.

feces
The manure or excrement produced by an animal.

estrogen
hormone that causes regression of the corpus luteum and stimulates estrus

estrous cycle
the time period from beginning of one heat to the beginning of the next heat. Usually about 16-17 days.

ewe
Female sheep of any age.

extended
Longer and taller.

facing
correcting wool blindness by removing wool from the face.

fecal flotation
A procedure, performed by a veterinarian, used to identify various parasite eggs in a fecal (manure) sample.

esophageal feeder
tube placed down the esophagus of a lamb to administer milk or other liquid.

eructate(belch)
The usual passage of gas out of the rumen.

epididymis
Tubules that carry sperm from the male's testicles to the vas deferens.

environment
All of the conditions an animal is subjected to, i.e. climate, housing, pastures, range, disease, parasites, management, etc.

enterotoxemia type c and d toxiod
vaccination given to young lambs to build up antibodies against Enterotoxemia type C and D. It is also available combined with tetanus vaccination.

enterotoxemia type d
disease that affects unvaccinated lambs that have been placed on high energy diets.

entropion
a heritable trait in which the lower eyelid is inverted, causing the eyelashes of the lower lid to brush against the eye.

enterotoxemia type c
disease that affects lambs in the first two weeks of life causing bloody infection of the small intestine and rapid death.

enteritis
an inflammation of the intestinal tract.

endocarditis
When the endocardium or inner surface of the heart becomes inflamed or irritated.

energy
The amount of calories available in a feed.

elastrator
instrument used to apply heavy rubber bands (elastrator rings/bands) to tail and scrotum for docking and castration.

emaciation
Loss of flesh resulting in extreme leanness.

emasculator
tool used for docking lambs that has a crushing effect which may result in less bleeding.

encephalitis
inflammation of the brain usually with severe signs such as fever, incoordination, and convulsions.

edema
Fluid swelling that can accumulate anywhere in the body.

dry ewe/doe
A female that is not producing milk.

dual purpose
Sheep that have been bred and selected for the economic production of both wool and mutton.

dystocia
Abnormal or difficult labor, causing difficulty in delivering the fetus.

early maturing
Reaches high proportion of mature size quickly: opposite of late maturing.

earmark
A distinctive mark clipped out of the ear of an animal.

double dressed weight
A method of selling lambs in which the shrunk dressed weight is doubled. This is the live pay weight regardless of the actual live weight.

drenching
Treating sheep for internal parasites with an oral dose of deworming medicine.

dressed weight
Hanging Weight

dressing precentage
the carcass weight divided by the live weight.

drop band or bunch
These are smaller groups of animals separated from a larger herd or flock.

dominant gene
A gene that is expressed when present either in its heterozygous or homozygous form.

docking
The removal of the tail.

dock
Region where the tail was removed.

diuresis
Increased urine production. This can occur naturally in the animal, or can be induced using special drugs or fluid administration.

dipping
Immersing the entire sheep in water containing an insecticide to kill ticks or lice.

debilitated
A weakened or sick condition.

denver ribs
Generally eight breast of lamb ribs, not less than three inches wide. This includes the area four inches below the eye of the rack of lamb to the cartilage bone. It is trimmed free of fell, fat and connective tissue.

diet
The required amount and proportion of nutrients for an animal. A diet is a formulated set of nutrients that is based on the animal's requirements.

digestion
The changes in a feed that must take place before the nutrients can be absorbed and used by the animal.

dam
The maternal parent or mother.

cutability
The percent of trimmed retail cuts, ready for purchase by the customer.

cutting loss
The actual weight lost from the carcass after processing (cutting, boning, and trimming).

cwt
An abbreviation for 100 pounds of weight.

culling
The process of removing an inferior sheep or goat from a flock/herd.

culls
The rejected sheep or goats from a flock/herd.

crossbreeding
Mating of animals from two distinct breeds to produce a half-bred.

crown roast
Made by adjoining two Frenched eight-rib racks with twine and bending them to form a circle. The joined ends are secured by twine.

crude protein (cp)
The total amount of protein in a feed, expressed as a percentage of the feed. Crude protein is further subdivided into soluble, degradable, undegradable, bypass, and bound protein fractions.

cryptorchid
A testicle that fails to descend is called a cryptorchid testicle. An animal in this condition is called a cryptorchid.

conventional
Early maturing.

coronary band
the junction between the hoof wall and the skin above the hoof.

corriedale
A New Zealand breed of sheep. A Lincoln-Merino cross, also used in Australia and South America.

cow-hocked
Hocks closer together than feet, hocks bend in as viewed from the rear.

creep
An area that lambs can freely enter and exit but is inaccessible by ewes.

crossbred
A sheep or lamb whose parents are of different breeds.

colostrum
First fluid secreted by the udder for a few days pre- and postpartum. High in antibodies, this milk protects newborn lambs or kids against disease.

concentrate
A feed that is high in nutrients and low in fibrous material. Examples are corn, oats and soybean meal.

condition
The degree of fatness in breeding animals.

congenital
Present at birth. Birth defects are usually referred to as congenital.

constipation
A condition in which the contents of the large intestines (bowels) are discharged at abnormally long intervals or with difficulty.

cleats (clays, claws, clees)
the two halves of the sheep's foot.

closed flock
one breeding its own female replacements and purchasing only rams.

coccidiosis
disease in feeder lambs characterized by diarrhea, dehydration, loss of weight and weakness.

colic
General abdominal pain. The source of the pain can be the liver, kidneys, intestines, stomach, etc.

classing
(1) The process of culling and selection applied to a flock/herd of animals. (2) A term applied to the grading of males according to sale value. (3) The division of a flock/herd of females into various groups prior to mating.

chlamydiosis
type of infectious abortion. The most common abortion disease experienced by the sheep industry.

calf-kneed
With knees bent slightly backward.

capacity (internal volume)
Internal body dimensions.

carcass
The dressed body of a slaughtered meat animal.

castration
Removal of the testicles.

cc (cubic centimeter)
A volume measurement identical to mL.

cheviot
A breed of sheep.

chlamydia
small organisms associated with pneumonia, abortion, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, arthritis and encephalitis.

butting
method of fighting among rams by the striking of the head and horns.

calcium to phosphorus ratio
-relative amounts of calcium and phosphorus in the total ration. Usually recommended to be at least 2:1.

calculi
Describing a variety of stones that are found in the urinary system. These include kidney and bladder stones.

buck
A male goat used for breeding. In the United States, this term is sometimes used to refer to a male sheep.

buck-kneed
With knees bent slightly forward.

burdizzo tool
used to castrate lambs by severing the cord without breaking the skin of the scrotum.

butterflied leg of lamb
A leg completely boned and removed of all excess fat for broiling or outdoor cooking. When spread flat on the cooking surface, it resembles a butterfly.

brisket
The breast of the sheep or goat, just below the throat.

britch or breech
The back portion of the sheep down the hind leg, the buttocks.

britch or breech wool
Wool from the hindquarters of the sheep, usually the coarsest on the body, often approaching hair in its characterisics.

brockle-face or smutt-face
Commercial crossbred lambs from white-faced wool breed dams and black-faced sires, i.e. Suffolk, Hampshire or Suffolk-Hampshire cross.

bright wool
Light appearing clean wool, such as is grown in the farming states.

breech birth
A birth in which the hind feet of the young are presented first.

breed
A group of sheep with similar characteristics (color markings, size, quality of fleece.etc.) that are passed on to their offspring.

breed character (breed type)
Combination of features that identify an animal with a breed such as conformation, color and head shape.

breeder
The owner of the parents of a lamb when they are mated.

breakdown
To perform the series of steps involved in skillfully cutting, boning and trimming a whole carcass into retail cuts.

break wool
Due to illness or lack of nutrition of the sheep at sometime during the growth of the wool, a weak area in one particular point of the staple, but still above and below the break.

boned, rolled and tied (brt)
A leg or shoulder completely deboned, with internal fat removed and excessive fat trimmed out. Properly rolled, will be cylindrical in shape and ideal for rotisserie or as oven roast.

bolus
a rounded mass of medicine.