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Daneke Club Lambs - Lambing terms Category: Agriculture and Industry > Sheep and lambs Date & country: 27/01/2014, USA Words: 315

parasite
an organism which lives on or in another living organism (host) at the expense of the latter.

parturition
The process of giving birth.

open shoulders
Shoulder blades too far apart at the top.

orchitis
Inflammation of the testicle.

nonprotein nitrogen (npn)
Feed ingredient that is not a protein but which contains nitrogen (an example is urea)

nymph
A young stage of insects and ticks that have incompletely developed sex organs.

omasum
the third part of a ruminant stomach located between the reticulum and the abomasum.

oocyst
a stage in the life cycle of coccidia (a protozoal parasite) that is shed in manure . Sheep become infected by ingesting oocysts from contaminated pastures.

noil
The short and tangled fibers which are separated from the long fibers, known as top, on a worsted comb.

murmur
An abnormal heart sound. These are graded from 1-6, with 6 being the loudest murmur.

mutton
The meat from sheep older than 12 months of age.

necropsy
The animal equivalent to human autopsy, and means evaluating an animal after death for signs that might indicate the cause of death.

necrotic
Decaying tissue. Often the tissue is black, decomposed, and has a foul odor.

neoplasia
Any type of cancer in the body. This term is usually associated with some type of mass or lump.

ml
See milliliter.

mixing pen
A confined area where several ewes and their lambs are co-mingled after being removed from jugs.

milliliter (ml)
A metric volume measurement that is identical to cubic centimeter (cc).

metritis
Inflammation of the uterus.

mastitis
Inflammation of the udder.

maternal
Pertaining to the mother or dam.

meat type
Breeds of sheep that are used primarily for the production of meat.

melena
A situation where digested blood is found in the feces (manure) of an animal. Often the stool appears dark and tarry.

merino sheep
Sheep, common in large numbers in Australia, South Africa, and South America, giving the finest wool.

masculinity
Possession of well-developed secondary male sex characteristics in the head, neck and shoulder.

maiden ewe
A female that has not been bred by a ram.The term is commonly applied to ewes that have not had their first lamb.

marbling
The fat within the muscle.

lutalyse
(PGF2a or Prostaglandin): A hormone used for estrus synchronization, infected uteruses, and inducing abortion.

lungworms
roundworms found in the respiratory tract and lung tissue.

live basis sale
The most common method of selling lambs at private treaty and/or auction. The buyer makes an offer for the live lamb (per head or per pound) which the seller accepts or rejects.

liver flukes
small leaf-shaped organisms that rolls up like a scroll in the bile ducts or liver tissue.

loin
The part between the last rib and the hip bones.

loom
A machine for producing cloth by weaving.

low-set
Having short legs.

lambing
Ewes giving birth to young.

larvae
Immature stages of an adult parasite; the term applies to insects, ticks, and worms.

legumes
family of plants bearing seeds in a pod.

lethargy or lethargic
An animal which is slow to react, lacks energy, and is often sick.

libido
Usually refers to the male's sex drive.

ketones
compounds found in the blood of pregnant sheep suffering from pregnancy toxemia

known carrier
an animal that has produced offspring with a genetic defect.

lactation
The period of milk secretion.

lamb
A young sheep still with its mother or up to about 5 months of age. Also a young sheep of either sex under 1 year of age.

lamb marking
the act of earmarking, docking, and castrating lambs.

kemp
An opaque and structureless fiber present in badly bred wools which appear not to absorb dye and consequently is prominent in the finished fabric unless further treated in some way.

keds
bloodsucking ticks that pierce the skin causing serious damage to the pelts.

jug
A small pen used to confine a ewe and her newborn lamb(s).

johne's disease
(Mycobacterium paratuberculosis): A bacterial disease causing severe weight loss and sometimes diarrhea.

intranasal (in)
The spraying or administering of a solution into the nostrils.

intravenous (iv) injections
are sometimes used. Some medications are labeled for intravenous injection only, because they are strong irritants to muscle and tissue and can cause damage. The IV route of administration provides a rapid means of getting the medication into the system of a sick animal as well as eliminating the chance of tissue damage. IV injections are given directly into the bloodstream.

iv
See intravenous.

jaundice
Yellow coloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and secretions.

internal cooking temperature
Lamb can be served rare (140 degrees), medium (150 degrees), or medium well (160 degrees) - never well done.

international unit (iu)
unit of measurement of vitamins and drugs.

intramuscle (im) injections
The route of administration of an injection This is accomplished by inserting the needle straight into the skin and deep into the muscle.

intermediate host
an animal or other living body in which a parasite completes part of its life cycle and usually causes no damage.

immunity
Protection from disease that comes as a result of the body's normal immune system response. The body's immune system can provide disease protection because of prior vaccinations or previous exposure to an infectious organism.

in
See intranasal.

indications for use
The situations when and how a specific product can be used.

hypomagnsemia
low levels of magnesium in the blood.

hypomotile
Something that is not as active as it normally should be.

hypothermia
inability to keep warm often caused by cold or wet weather.

icterus
A yellow discoloration of the gums and white of the eye that is often associated with liver problems and some types of anemia.

idiopathic
When the exact cause of the problem or disease is not known.

im
See intramuscular.

hotweight basis
The weight of a dressed carcass immediately after slaughter prior to cooler shrinkage.

hydatitosis
cysts found in the body cavity of sheep.

hydrops
An abnormality during pregnancy where the uterus retains large amounts of water. This can be caused by defects in the fetus and/or in the mother.

hypocalcemia
low levels of calcium in the blood.

hothouse lamb
A lamb born and raised out of the normal season and marketed at six to ten weeks of age.

hormone
The secretion of a ductless gland that activates some other organ.

homozygote
An animal is said to be homozygous for a certain gene if both sites at which the gene might be expected are occupied by that gene.

hindsaddle
The area of the lamb or carcass from the last rib back, includes loin, leg and rump.

heterozygous
Adjective of heterozygote.

heritability
The heritability of a characteristic is a measure of how easily a trait will be expressed in an animal's offspring.

heterozygote
An animal is said to be heterozygous for a certain gene if both sites at which the gene might be expected are occupied by different genes.

hemorrhage
Bleeding or blood loss.

hematuria
Blood in the urine. The blood may or may not be seen with the naked eye.

hanging weight
The weight of the carcass before any fat and bone have been trimmed.

handle
The degree to which all the attributes which comprise quality, such as softness, fineness, length and elasticity, are noticeable when wool is judged by feel.

guaranteed yield
Selling lamb on the basis of a guaranteed dressing percentage (yield). Adjustments in price are made for lambs exceeding or not meeting the guaranteed yield.

grease wool
Wool in its natural state.

granny ewe
When a pregnant ewe close to lambing tries to claim another ewe's newborn lamb.

grain overload(acidosis)
See acidosis.

graft
A procedure in which a mother raises a newborn that is not her own.

grade
a sheep that has only one purebred parent and one scrub parent.

gestation
The time from the date the ewe is mated with the ram until the lambs are born, usually 143 to 152 days.

gastroenteritis
a Hydatitosis Cysts found in the body cavity of sheep.

gambrel restrainer
restraining device that is a gambrel-shaped piece of plastic that is placed over the top of the animal's neck, with slots on either side to hold both front legs of the animal.

free choice(ad libitum)
Feed made available to an animal at all times (same as self-fed).

foresaddle
Unsplit from half of lamb or mutton.

foster mother
A mother that is rearing a lamb or kid other than her own.

flushing
The practice of conditioning ewes before breeding by turning them to better pasture or feeding small amounts of grain. Flushing is done to increase the number of twin and triplet lambs that will be born.

fly strike
The condition produced by the development of blowfly maggots on the living sheep. (Cutaneous myiasis).

forage
A feed that is high in fibrous material and somewhat low in energy. Examples are hay, pasture and silage.

flock
A group of sheep that are managed together. Sheep have inborn ability or desire to flock, or gather, together. This is also known as gregariousness.

finishing
The act of feeding an animal to produce a desirable carcass for market.

finish
Degree of fatness in meat animals.

fiber
The portion of a feed that is indigestible or slowly digested by ruminants. May be expressed as crude fiber, non-detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or effective fiber.

fetus
An unborn offspring.

fetotomy
Dissection of a dead fetus into smaller pieces to allow for easier removal from the mother