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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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halfway houseA facility for individuals who no longer require the complete facilities of a hospital or institution but are not yet prepared to return to independent living. ... Specialised residences for persons who do not require full hospitalisation, and are not well enough to function completely within the community without professional supervision, protectio …
halibut<marine biology> A large, northern, marine flatfish (Hippoglossus vulgaris), of the family Pleuronectidae. It often grows very large, weighing more than three hundred pounds. It is an important food fish. ... Alternative forms: holibut. ... Origin: OE. Hali holy + but, butte, flounder; akin to D. Bot, G. Butte; cf. D. Heilbot, G. Heilbutt. So n …
halibut liver oil<marine biology> The fixed oil obtained from the fresh or suitably preserved livers of halibut species of the genus Hippoglossus (family Pleuronectidae); a supplementary source of vitamins A and D. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halide<chemistry> A salt of a halogen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
haliphagiaIngestion of an excessive quantity of a salt or salts, especially of sodium chloride, calcium, magnesium, or potassium salts, or of sodium bicarbonate. ... Origin: G. Hals, salt, + phago, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halisteresisA deficiency of lime salts in the bones. ... Synonym: halosteresis. ... Origin: G. Hals, salt, + steresis, privation, fr. Stereo, to deprive ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halistereticRelating to or marked by halisteresis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halite<chemistry> Salt (sodium chloride) found in mineral form. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...
halitosis<symptom> Bad breath. Causes include smoking, poor dental hygiene, alcoholism, throat infection, dental infection, sinusitis, lung infection, gum disease, impacted tooth and a foreign body in the nose (children). Regular dental flossing and brushing can reduce this problem. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...
halitusAny exhalation, as of a breath or vapor. ... Origin: L., fr. Halo, to breathe ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hall effect<physics> Transverse electric field which develops in a conductor (as a result of the Lorentz Force acting on the charge carriers) when current is driven across a magnetic field. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...
hallachromeA quinone intermediate, derived from l-dopa, in the formation of melanin from l-tyrosine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Halle, Adrien<person> French physician, 1859-1947. ... See: Halle's point. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Halle's point<anatomy> A point at the intersection of a horizontal line touching the anterior superior spine of the ilium and a perpendicular line drawn from the spine of the pubis; here the ureter can be most readily palpated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller cellA variant of ethmoidal air cell developing into the floor of the orbit adjacent to the natural ostium of the maxillary sinus. A diseased Haller cell is capable of obstructing that ostium and producing a maxillary sinusitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller, Albrecht von<person> Swiss physiologist, 1708-1777. ... See: Haller's ansa, Haller's annulus, Haller's arches, Haller's circle, Haller's cones, Haller's habenula, Haller's insula, Haller's line, Haller's plexus, Haller's rete, Haller's vascular tissue, Haller's tripod, Haller's tunica vasculosa, Haller's unguis, Haller's vas aberrans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's annulusSynonym for Haller's insula ... A doubling of the thoracic duct for part of its course through the thorax. ... Synonym: Haller's annulus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's ansaSynonym for communicating branch of facial nerve with glossopharyngeal nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> A small branch from the digastric branch of the facial nerve to the glossopharyngeal nerve. ... Synonym: ramus communicans cum nervo glossopharyngeo, Haller's ansa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's archesMore specifically see: lateral arcuate ligament, medial arcuate ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's circleSynonym for vascular circle of optic nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> A network of branches of the short ciliary arteries on the sclera around the point of entrance of the optic nerve. ... Synonym: circulus vasculosus nervi optici, circulus arteriosus halleri, circulus zinnii, Haller's circle, Zinn's corona, Zinn's vascular circle. ... (05 Mar 2000)
Haller's cones
Synonym for lobules of epididymis ... The coiled portion of the efferent ductules that constitute the head of the epididymis; these join the ductus epididymidis. ... Synonym: lobuli epididymidis, coni epididymidis, coni vasculosi, Haller's cones, vascular cones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's habenula
Rarely used term for the cordlike remains of the vaginal process of the peritoneum. ... Synonym: Scarpa's habenula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's insula
A doubling of the thoracic duct for part of its course through the thorax. ... Synonym: Haller's annulus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's line
Synonym for linea splendens ... A thickened band of pia mater along the midline of the anterior surface of the spinal cord. ... Synonym: Haller's line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's plexus
A nervous plexus of sympathetic filaments and branches of the external laryngeal nerve on the surface of the inferior constrictor muscle of the pharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's rete
Synonym for rete testis ... <anatomy> The network of canals at the termination of the straight seminiferous tubules in the mediastinum testis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Haller's tripod
Synonym for coeliac trunk ... Origin, abdominal aorta just below diaphragm; branches, left gastric, common hepatic, splenic. ... Synonym: truncus coeliacus, arteria coeliaca, coeliac artery, coeliac axis, Haller's tripod. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's tunica vasculosa
Synonym for vascular tunic of eye ... The vascular, pigmentary, or middle coat of the eye, comprising the choroid, ciliary body, and iris. ... Synonym: tunica vasculosa bulbi, Haller's tunica vasculosa, tunica vasculosa oculi, uvea, uveal tract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's unguis
Synonym for calcar avis ... The lower of two elevations on the medial wall of the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, caused by the depth of the calcarine sulcus. ... Synonym: Haller's unguis, hippocampus minor, minor hippocampus, Morand's spur, unguis avis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's vas aberrans
Synonym for inferior aberrant ductule ... A narrow, coiled tubule frequently connected to the first part of the ductus deferens or to the lower part of the ductus epididymitis. ... Synonym: ductulus aberrans inferior, Haller's vas aberrans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Haller's vascular tissue
Synonym for vascular lamina of choroid ... <anatomy> The outer portion of the choroid of the eye containing the largest blood vessels. ... Synonym: lamina vasculosa choroideae, Haller's vascular tissue, uvaeformis, vascular layer of choroid coat of eye, vascular layer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hallermann-Streiff syndrome
Synonym for dyscephalia mandibulo-oculofacialis ... A syndrome of bony anomalies of the calvaria, face, and jaw, with brachygnathia, narrow curved nose, and multiple ocular defects including microphthalmia, microcornea, and cataract, often with alopecia overlying skull sutures, or alopecia areata and hypoplasia, or absence of eyebrows. The pattern o …
Hallermann, Wilhelm
<person> 20th century German ophthalmologist. ... See: Hallermann-Streiff syndrome, Hallermann-Streiff-Francois syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hallermann's syndrome
<syndrome> An oculomandibulofacial syndrome principally characterised by dyscephaly (usually brachycephaly), parrot nose, mandibular hypoplasia, proportionate nanism, hypotrichosis, bilateral congenital cataracts, and microphthalmia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Hallervorden syndrome
Synonym for Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome ... <neurology, syndrome> A progressive hereditary disorder with marked reduction in the number of myelin sheaths of the globus pallidus and substantia nigra with accumulation of iron pigment. ... Manifestations include dysarthria, progressive mental deterioration, and corticospinal and extrapyramidal mot …
Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome
<neurology, syndrome> A progressive hereditary disorder with marked reduction in the number of myelin sheaths of the globus pallidus and substantia nigra with accumulation of iron pigment. ... Manifestations include dysarthria, progressive mental deterioration, and corticospinal and extrapyramidal motor signs. ... CT findings: high-signal lesi …
Hallervorden, Julius
<person> German neurologist, 1882-1965. ... See: Hallervorden syndrome, Hallervorden-Spatz disease, Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hallgren, Bertil
<person> 20th century Swedish geneticist. ... See: Hallgren's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hallgren's syndrome
<syndrome> Vestibulocerebellar ataxia, pigmentary retinal dystrophy, congenital deafness, and cataract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hallopeau, Francois
<person> French dermatologist, 1842-1919. ... See: Hallopeau's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hallopeau's disease
pustulosis palmaris et plantaris ...
hallucination
<symptom> A false perception occurring without any true sensory stimulus. ... Origin: L. Hallucinatio, Gr. Alyein = to wander in the mind ... (29 Sep 1997) ...
hallucinations
Subjectively experienced sensation in the absence of an actual appropriate stimulus, but which is regarded by the individual as real. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
hallucinatory neuralgia
An impression of local pain persisting after an attack of neuralgia has ceased. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hallucinogen
<pharmacology> A class of medications (for example LSD, marijuana, peyote, heroin, cocaine) that result in a distorted perception of reality. Often accompanied by hallucinations. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
hallucinogenesis
Synonym for hallucinogen ... <pharmacology> A class of medications (for example LSD, marijuana, peyote, heroin, cocaine) that result in a distorted perception of reality. Often accompanied by hallucinations. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
hallucinogenic
Synonym for psychodelic ... A property of a drug or chemical which produces hallucinations or other bizarre aberrations in mental functioning. ... Synonym: hallucinogenic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hallucinogens
Drugs capable of inducing illusions, hallucinations, delusions, paranoid ideations, and other alterations of mood and thinking. Despite the name, the feature that distinguishes these agents from other classes of drugs is their capacity to induce states of altered perception, thought, and feeling that are not experienced otherwise. ... (12 Dec 1998)< …
hallux dolorosus
A condition, usually associated with flatfoot, in which walking causes severe pain in the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe. ... Synonym: painful toe. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hallux extensus
A deformity in which the great toe is held rigidly in the extended position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hallux flexus
Hammer toe involving the first toe. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hallux malleus
Hammer toe involving the first toe. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hallux rigidus
A condition in which there is stiffness in the first metatarsophalangeal joint; the joint may be the site of a osteoarthritis. ... Synonym: stiff toe. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hallux valgus
<orthopaedics> A swelling or deformity at the head of the first metatarsal of the great toe (big toe). ... (13 Nov 1997) ...
hallux varus
Deviation of the main axis of the great toe to the inner side of the foot away from its neighbor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halo
<radiobiology> The cold, dense plasma formed outside the last closed flux surface during a vertical displacement event. The large currents which flow through this plasma stop the displacement and transfer the force to the vacuum vessel. If care is not taken in design, the halo currents can be large enough to threaten the structural integrity …
halo blight
Halo blight is a fatal plant disease which attacks legumes and is caused by the bacteria Pseumonas phaseolicola. The plant develops yellow-ringed, water-soaked spots, then withers and dies without rotting. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
halo cast
A cast applied to the shoulders in which metal bars are set that extend over the head to a halo, from which traction may be applied to the head by means of tongs or a halter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halo current
<radiobiology> Currents in the halo region of a plasma discharge. ... See: halo. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
halo effect
The effect (usually beneficial) that the manner, attention, and caring of a provider have on a patient during a medical encounter, regardless of what medical procedure or services the encounter involves, the influence upon an observation of the observer's perception of the characteristics of the individual observed (other than the characteristics u …
halo melanoma
<tumour> A rare condition in which a melanoma is surrounded by an irregular area of depigmentation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halo nevus
A benign, sometimes multiple, melanocytic nevus in which involution occurs with a central brown mole surrounded by a uniformly depigmented zone or halo. ... Synonym: leukoderma acquisitum centrifugum, Sutton's disease, Sutton's nevus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halo sign
<radiology> Narrow, radiolucent ring surrounding breast lesion, indicates benign tumour, rare exceptions: intracystic carcinoma, papillary carcinoma, carcinoma arising in fibroadenoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
halo sign of hydrops
A discredited roentgenographic sign of foetal hydrops caused by scalp oedema so that a definite corona surrounds the skull. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halo traction
Application of skeletal traction to the head by means of a halo device. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halo vision
A condition in which coloured or luminous rings are seen around lights. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
haloalcohol hydrogen-halide lyase
<enzyme> Catalyses dehalogenation of vicinal haloalcohols through intramolecular displacement with formation of epoxides; acts on 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol, 1-chloro-2-propanol and their brominated analogs, 2-bromoethanol and 1,3-dichloroacetone ... Registry number: EC 4.5.1.- ... Synonym: halohydrin hydrogen-halide lyas …
haloalkylamines
A class of drugs, including phenoxybenzamine and diabenamine, which binds alkylate alpha-adrenergic receptors so that they are irreversibly inactivated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
haloanisone
Synonym for fluanisone ... 4'-fluoro-4-[4-(o-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]butyrophenone;an antianxiety agent. ... Synonym: haloanisone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
haloarcula
A genus of halobacteriaceae distinguished from other genera in the family by the presence of specific derivatives of tgd-2 polar lipids. Haloarcula are found in neutral saline environments such as salt lakes, marine salterns, and saline soils. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
haloarcula marismortui
A species of halophilic archaea distinguished by its production of acid from sugar. This species was previously called halobacterium marismortui. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
halobacteria
Bacteria that live in conditions of high salinity. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
halobacteriaceae
A family of extremely halophilic archaea found in environments with high salt concentrations, such as salt lakes, evaporated brines, or salted fish. Halobacteriaceae are either obligate aerobes or facultative anaerobes and are divided into six genera: haloarcula, halobacterium, halococcus, haloferax, natronobacterium, and natronococcus. ... (12 Dec …
halobacteriales
An order of extremely halophilic archaea, in the kingdom euryarchaeota. They occur ubiquitously in nature where the salt concentration is high, and are chemoorganotrophic, using amino acids or carbohydrates as a carbon source. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
halobacterium
A genus of halobacteriaceae whose growth requires a high concentration of salt. Binary fission is by constriction. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Halobacterium halobium
Photosynthetic (halophilic) bacterium that has patches of purple membrane containing the pigment bacteriorhodopsin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
halobacterium salinarium
A species of halophilic archaea found in salt lakes. Some strains form a purple membrane under anaerobic conditions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
halococcus
Halococcus is a genus of gram-negative, non-motile, spherical, red or orange bacteria which grows in very high concentrations of salt (NaCl) and can be found in salted fish and meats. Halococcus belongs to the family Halobacteriaceae. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
Halococcus morrhuae
A species found in seawater brine, sea salt, and salt lakes; also found in association with red discoloration of salted fish. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halofenate
<chemical> An antihyperlipoproteinaemic agent and uricosuric agent. ... Pharmacological action: antilipaemic agents, uricosuric agents. ... Chemical name: Benzeneacetic acid, 4-chloro-alpha-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-, 2-(acetylamino)ethyl ester ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
haloferax
A genus of extremely halophilic halobacteriaceae which are chemoheterotropic and strictly aerobic. They are found in neutral saline environments such as salt lakes (especially the dead sea) and marine salterns. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
haloferax mediterranei
A species of halophilic archaea found in the mediterranean sea. It produces bacteriocins active against a range of other halobacteria. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
haloferax volcanii
A species of halophilic archaea found in the dead sea. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
halogen acne
An acneform eruption caused by bromides or iodides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halogenation
Incorporation of one or more halogen atoms into a molecule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halogenoderma
Dermatosis caused by ingestion or injection of halogens, most notably bromides and iodides. ... Origin: halogen + G. Derma, skin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halogens
A family of nonmetallic, generally electronegative, elements of group viib of the periodic table. They are all multivalent and have oxidation numbers of -1 (the most common), 1, 3, 5, and 7. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Halogeton
A genus of plants (family Chenopodiaceae) on range lands in the western U.S. And other arid regions of the world; it causes poisoning in cattle and sheep because of the presence of soluble oxalates. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halometer
An instrument used to measure the diffraction halo of a red blood cell; based on the premise that the halo of the large erythrocyte of pernicious anaemia is smaller than that of the normal cell; the hazy colourless halo of normal size is characteristic of secondary anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
haloperidol
This antipsychotic drug is used to treat schizophrenia and manic psychosis, it is sometimes used to treat Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
haloperidol reductase
<enzyme> A ketone reductase ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
halophil
Halophile ... A microorganism whose growth is enhanced by or dependent on a high salt concentration. ... Origin: G. Hals, salt, + philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halophile
Any organism that lives or thrives in a salty environment. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
halophilic
Literally, salt loving: able to survive in environments with high ionic strength such as salt lakes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
halophyte
A plant (such as salt marsh grass) that can tolerate or thrives in a saltyenvironment. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
haloprogin
3-Iodo-2-propynyl 2,4,5-trichlorophenyl ether;an antifungal agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halorhodopsin
Light driven chloride ion pump of halobacteria, a retinylidene protein very similar to bacteriorhodopsin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
halosteresis
Synonym for halisteresis ... A deficiency of lime salts in the bones. ... Synonym: halosteresis. ... Origin: G. Hals, salt, + steresis, privation, fr. Stereo, to deprive ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
halothane
<chemical> A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anaesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. Nitrous oxide is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. ... Pharmac …
halothane effect
<radiology> High incidence (32%) of reduction of, hepatic arterial blood flow, ** thus, halothane shouldn't be used for hepatic angio's in kids ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
