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Instrument net - Instrumentation glossary Category: Electronics and Engineering > Instrumentation Date & country: 13/11/2007, UK Words: 392

Router
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) An OSI layer three device that can decide which of several paths network traffic will follow based upon some metric. Also called a gateway, routers forward packets from one network to another, based on network layer information.

Routing
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) The process of finding a path to the destination host. Routing is very complex in large networks because of the many potential intermediate destinations a packet might traverse before reaching its destination host.

Routing table
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) A table stored in a router or some other internetworking device that keeps track of routes to particular network destinations.

RS-232-C
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Popular physical layer interface.

RTB
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Request to bid

RTU
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) Remote Terminal Unit

Safety PLC
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) A PLC specifically designed to be reliable through the device of redundancy. It could be used either for safety reasons or to minimise the commercial impact of a serious failure.

SCADA
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition software.

SDRI
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Supplier Document Register Index - A list of design/manufacturing documents in the RFQ that the buyer requires to be supplied if an order is placed. Same as VDRL.

Sealed bid
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Procedure for handling bids/quotations to demonstrate fairness. Normally the commercial and technical offers are separate documents sealed in their own packaging. Bids are opened in a special meeting where the bid values are recorded and observations minuted.

Segment
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) TCP specification for a single transport layer unit of information.

Serial transmission
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) A method of data transmission in which the bits of a data character are transmitted sequentially over a single channel.

Session layer
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Layer five of the OSI reference model. Co-ordinates session activity between applications, Including application level error control, dialog control, and remote procedure calls.

Set-point
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) A desired level for a process variable. The systems seeks to correct the variable when it deviates from this standard.

Sewer
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) A node or software program that provides services to a client.

SFA-TRNS-BASEEFA
(STANDARDS GLOSSARY) Health and Safety Executive

SFC
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) Sequence Function Chart. An IEC1131-1 programming/configuration language.

Simplex transmission
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Data transmission in only one direction.

Single mode fibre
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Optical fibre with a relatively narrow diameter through which only one mode will. propagate. Such fibre is higher bandwidth than multiple mode fibre, but requires a light source with a narrow spectral width.

Single Window
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) Single window refers to the ability to provide multiple displays via a single terminal.

SL
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Short List: A list of pre-qualified suppliers who will receive an RTB derived from various sources.

Slave Modules
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) Slave modules are distributed modules that report back to a central master. Despite the name, they have their own processing ability. Another name for them is 'child' modules.

SLC
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) Soft Logic Control.

SLIP
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Serial line internet protocol. Used to run IP over serial lines such as telephone circuits.

Smart Device
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) A device with intelligence, i.e. capable of monitoring itself.

SMTP
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Simple mail transfer protocol. An Internet protocol providing electronic mail services.

SNMP
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Simple network management protocol. The Internet network management protocol. SNMP provides a means to monitor and set network configuration and runtime parameters.

Socket
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Software structure operating as a communications end point within a network device.

Soft Logic
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) A PC operating system used for soft control. It allows a PC to replace a PLC.

SONET
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Synchronous optical network. High speed (up to 2.5 Gbps) synchronous network approved as an international standard in 1988.

Source address
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Address of a sending network device.

Spanning tree
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) A loop-free subset of a networks topology.

Spanning tree algorithm
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) An algorithm, the original version of which was invented by Digital Equipment Corporation, used to prevent bridging loops by creating a spanning tree.

SPC
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) Statistical Process Control.

Star topology
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) LAN topology in which end points on a network are connected to a common central switch by point-to-point links.

Store and forward
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Message-switching technique where messages are temporarily stored at intermediate points between the source and destination until such time as network resources are available for message forwarding.

STP
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Simplified Technical proposal: in some situations a full quotation is not required, but the specific points identified in the RTB should be covered.

Structured Text
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) An IEC1131-1 programming/configuration language.

Subnet mask
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) A 32 bit address mask used in IP to specify a particular subnet.

Switch
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Multiple port Ethernet device designed to increase network performance by allowing only essential traffic on the attached individual Ethernet cable segments. Packets are filtered or forwarded based upon their source and destination addresses.

Synchronous transmission
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Operation of a network system wherein events occur with precise clocking.

Tag
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) This is a number given to individual DCS control units so that the system can identify them.

TCP-IP
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Transmission control protocol/internet protocol. The two best known Internet protocols, often erroneously thought of as one protocol. TCP corresponds to layer four (transport layer) of the OSI reference model. It provides reliable transmission of data. IP corresponds to layer three (network layer) of the OSI reference model and provides connectionless datagram service. TCP/IP was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense in the 1970s to support the construction of worldwide internetworks.

TCP-IP
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Transfer Communication Protocol/Internet Protocol

TDR
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Time domain reflectometer. Device capable of sending signals through a network medium to check cable continuity and other attributes. TDRs are used to find physical layer network problems.

Terminal emulation
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) A very popular network application in which a computer runs software that makes it appear to a host across the network as a directly attached dumb terminal.

TFTP
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Trivial file transfer protocol. A simplified version of FTP allowing the transfer of files from one computer to another over a network.

Thickwire
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) IEEE 802.3 specification coaxial cable that can support 10 Mbps and has a maximum distance limit of 500 meters (1604 feet) per segment. Also called 10BASE5.

Thinnet
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) IEEE 802.3 l0Base2 standard.

Thinwire
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) IEEE 802.3 specification coaxial cable that can support 10 Mbps and has a maximumdistance of 185 meters (607 feet) per segment. Also called 10BASE2 or cheapemet.

Time-out
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) An event that occurs when one network device expects to hear from, but does not hear from, another network device within a specified period of time. The resulting time-out usually results in a retransmission of information or the outright dissolving of the virtual circuit between the two devices.

TMR
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) In safety PLCs, Triple Modular Redundancy is the provision of three micro processors instead of one in situations where continuing functioning has to be ensured.

Token ring
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) A token passing LAN network developed and supported by IBM.

Topology
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) The physical arrangement of network nodes and media within an enterprise networking structure.

TP
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Technical proposal: See FTP.

Transceiver
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Refer to MAU.

Transceiver cable
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Refer to AUI cable.

Transport layer
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Layer four of the OSI reference model. The transport layer is responsible for reliable network communication between end nodes.

Traps
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Unsolicited messages sent by an SNMP agent to a network management system that indicate the occurrence of a significant event.

Trunkwire
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) A trunkwire will be possible for a series of digital devices. Such a series will be able to use a single wire, rather than the multiplicity of wires used on analogue devices which all require separate wiring.

Twisted pair
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Relatively low speed transmission medium consisting of two insulated wires arranged in a regular spiral pattern. The wires may be shielded or unshielded.

USENET
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Initiated in 1979, one of the oldest and largest co-operative networks, with over 10,000 hosts and a quarter of a million users. Its primary service is news and a distributed conferencing service.

Validity
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Number of days/ weeks/months that a bid is open to acceptance by the buyer. There are legal rules over the ability of a seller to withdraw or change his bid once made.

Variation
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) This is a change to the scope of supply identified in the contract in quantity, material or time.

VDRL
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Vendor Data Requirement List - A list of design/manufacturing documents in the RFQ that the buyer requires to be supplied if an order is placed. Same as SDRI.

VDSL
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Vendor Data Supply List - A list of design/manufacturing documents in the bid/quotation that the seller offers to supply if an order is placed.

VINES
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Virtual network system. A NOS developed and marketed by Banyan Systems.

Virtual network
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) The ability to create separate work groups within a network topology without having to after physical cabling.

WAN
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Wide area network. A network spanning a wide geographic area.

Warranty bond
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Usually issued in place of retention. A bank guarantee of a specified value issued by the seller to the buyer. Allows the buyer to claim payment from the sellers bank if the supplied equipment fails during the contracted warranty period.

Web Inspection
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) In the paper industry cameras are inserted to monitor the sheet for visual defects.

Wiring closet
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Specially designed room used for wiring data and voice networks. Wiring closets serve as a central junction point for wiring and wiring equipment that is used for interconnecting devices.

Witness inspection
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) A procedure where the buyer or buyers representative attends at the sellers works to witness some specific test activity, e.g. calibration, packing... This has the effect of disrupting the production process and tying up manufacturing resources and should be carefully considered.

World FIP
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) The fieldbus adopted in France. FIP stands for factory instrument protocol. The Profibus organisation is seeking to integrate this with the common European Profibus PA protocol.

WPQR
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Weld Procedure Qualification Record - An independent evaluation of the work procedure in welding two materials together. It is specific to the material type, thickness and orientation of the welding process.

WQR
(PROJECT GLOSSARY) Welder Qualification Record - A certificate of approval that a named welder can perform a given weld procedure.

B.T.I.
(STANDARDS GLOSSARY) British Telecom International

C.A.A.
(STANDARDS GLOSSARY) Civil Aviation Authority

C.C.I.R.
(STANDARDS GLOSSARY) International Radio Consultative Committee

C.I.T.T.
(STANDARDS GLOSSARY) International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee

D.T.I.
(STANDARDS GLOSSARY) Department of Trade And Industry

E.I.C.
(STANDARDS GLOSSARY) Energy Industries Council

I-O Module
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) An Input/Output module, which usually contains several I/O points.

I-O point
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) An Input/Output point, used as a connection point.

P & ID
(CONTROL SYSTEMS GLOSSARY) Process and Instrumentation Diagram

S.I.
(STANDARDS GLOSSARY) Statutory Instruments for Offshore Work

T connector
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) T shaped device with two female and one male BNC connectors.

T1
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Bell system terminology referring to a digital carrier facility used for transmission of data through the telephone hierarchy. The rate of transmission is 1.544 Mbps.

T3
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) A digital WAN service that operates at 45 Mbps.

X.25
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) A CCITT standard that defines the packet format for data transfers in a public data network. Many establishments have X.25 networks in place that provide remote terminal access. These networks can be used for other types of data, including IP, DECnet, and XNS.

X.500
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) A CCITT recommendation specifying a standard for distributed maintenance of files and directories.

X windows
(NETWORK GLOSSARY) Distributed, network-transparent, device-independent, multitasking windowing and graphics system originally developed by MIT for communication between X terminals and UNIX workstations.