1) Cladode 2) Cladophyll 3) Phylloclad 4) Stalk 5) Stem 1) Cladode 2) Cladophyll 3) Phylloclad 
Phylloclades and cladodes are flattened, photosynthetic shoots, which are usually considered to be modified branches. The two terms are used either differently or interchangeably by different authors. Phyllocladus, a genus of conifer, is named after these structures. Phylloclades/cladodes have been identified in fossils dating from as early as the...
a cladode which is green and leaf-like with the true leaves represented by scales