The osmeterium is a fleshy organ found in the prothoracic segment of larvae (caterpillars) of Swallowtail butterflies including Birdwings and the `-prominent (Notodontidae) moths. This organ emits odorous compounds believed to be pheromones. Normally hidden, this forked structure can be everted when the caterpillar is threatened, and used to emit.... Found on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmeterium