Nafs (نَفْس) is an Arabic word (cognate of the Hebrew word `Nefesh` נפש) occurring in the Qur`an and means self, psyche, ego or soul. In its unrefined state, `the ego (nafs) is the lowest dimension of man`s inward existence, his animal and satanic nature.` Nafs is an important concept in the Islamic tradition, especially within Sufis...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafs
(from the article `Ziydid Dynasty`) ...who divided the government of the kingdom between two other Mamlks, the northern provinces falling to Naj, the capital and southern regions coming ... ...capital at Zabd. The Ziydid kingdom at Zabd (819–1018) had in its final years been controlled by Mamlk viziers, the last of whom divided Yem...
Found on
http://www.britannica.com/eb/a-z/n/2
No exact match found.
