In the days of sailing ships, a vessel would carry several ship`s boats for various uses. One would be a longboat, an open boat to be rowed by eight or ten oarsmen, two per thwart. The longboat was double banked; its rowing benches were designed to accommodate two men each pulling an oar on opposite sides. Other boats sometimes embarked on a sail.... Found on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longboat
Long'boat` noun (Nautical) Formerly, the largest boat carried by a merchant vessel, corresponding to the launch of a naval vessel. Found on http://www.encyclo.co.uk/webster/L/59