An ionosonde, or chirpsounder, is a special radar for the examination of the ionosphere. An ionosonde consists of: The transmitter sweeps all or part of the HF frequency range, transmitting short pulses. These pulses are reflected at various layers of the ionosphere, at heights of 100–400 km, and their echos are received by the receiver and anal... Found on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionosonde