A `under the banners` was a samurai in the direct service of the Tokugawa shogunate of feudal Japan. While all three of the shogunates in Japanese history had official retainers, in the two preceding ones, they were referred to as gokenin. However, in the Edo period, hatamoto were the upper vassals of the Tokugawa house, and the gokenin were the.....
Found on
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatamoto
(from the article `Japan`) ...one-fourth of the whole country. Of these lands, more than four million koku were under its direct control, and three million koku were ...
Found on
http://www.britannica.com/eb/a-z/h/22
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