1) Krummholz 
(from the article `elfin woodland`) stunted forest at high elevations in tropical wet areas. Its low, gnarled trees are heavily draped with air plants, and its floor is cushioned by ... ...(forest line), the spacing between trees widens rapidly as tree height decreases (the kampf zone). This zone gives way to a region of low twisted ......
(Krummholz) scrubby, stunted growth form of trees, often forming a characteristic zone at the limit of tree growth in mountains.
krummholz.