
An aethrioscope (or æthrioscope) is a meteorological device invented by Sir John Leslie in 1818 for measuring the chilling effect of a clear sky. The name is from the Greek word for clear - αίθριος. It consists of a metallic cup standing upon a tall hollow pedestal, with a differential thermometer placed so that one of its bulbs is in the ...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aethrioscope

instrument for measuring temperature variations due to sky conditions
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http://phrontistery.info/a.html

• (n.) An instrument consisting in part of a differential thermometer. It is used for measuring changes of temperature produced by different conditions of the sky, as when clear or clouded.
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http://thinkexist.com/dictionary/meaning/aethrioscope/

An aethrioscope is an instrument for measuring radiation towards a clear sky. It consists of a metallic cup with a highly-polished interior of paraboloid shape, in the focus of which is placed one bulb of a differential thermometer, the other being outside. The inside bulb at once begins to radiate heat when exposed to a clear sky, and the extent t...
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http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/browse/GA.HTM
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