1) Artistic language 
Zaum (зáумь) are the linguistic experiments in sound symbolism and language creation of Russian-empire Futurist poets such as Velimir Khlebnikov and Aleksei Kruchenykh. Coined by Kruchenykh in 1913,{sfn|Janecek|1996|p=2} the word zaum is made up of the Russian prefix за `beyond, behind` and noun ум `the mind, nous` and has been transl...