
1) Karst formation
Found on
https://www.crosswordclues.com/clue/suffosion

Suffosion is one of the two geological processes by which subsidence sinkholes or dolines are formed, the other being due to collapse of an underlying cave or void, with most sinkholes formed by the suffosion process. Suffosion sinkholes are normally associated with karst topography although they may form in other types of rock including chalk, gy...
Found on
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffosion

The process of washing soil down an underlying fissure (in massive limestone areas this is usually a joint).
Found on
https://www.encyclo.co.uk/local/23001
No exact match found.