In differential geometry of curves, the osculating circle of a sufficiently smooth plane curve at a given point p on the curve has been traditionally defined as the circle passing through p and a pair of additional points on the curve infinitesimally close to p. Its center lies on the inner normal line, and its curvature is the same as that of the...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osculating_circle
(from the article `differential geometry`) ...1686, first defined the curvature of a curve at each point in terms of the circle that best approximates the curve at that point. Leibniz named ...
Found on
http://www.britannica.com/eb/a-z/o/35
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