1) Gnosticism 2) Mandeanism 1) Mandeanism 
(from Mandaean mandayya, `having knowledge`), ancient Middle Eastern religion still surviving in Iraq and Khuzistan (southwest Iran). The religion ... [1 related articles]
Mandeanism noun a Gnostic religion originating the 2nd and 3rd centuries that believes John the Baptist was the Messiah and that incorporates Jewish and Christian elements into a framework of dualistic beliefs