1) Tantric practice 
(or Japam) A spiritual discipline in which a devotee repeats a mantra or the name of the God. The repetition can be aloud or just the movement of lips or in the mind. This spiritual practice is present in the major religions of world. This is considered as one of the most effective spiritual practices.
Japa (जप) is a spiritual discipline involving the meditative repetition of a mantra or name of a divine power. The mantra or name may be spoken softly, enough for the practitioner to hear it, or it may be spoken purely within the reciter`s mind. Japa may be performed while sitting in a meditation posture, while performing other activities, or....
continuous chanting i.e repetition of a mantra
Journal of Aging and Physical Activity
Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
Reciting sacred texts, practiced verbally and mentally.
The quiet or silent repetition of a mantra as a meditative process.
the practice of reciting mantras quietly or silently on prayer beads.
Japa is the devotional repetition of a sacred syllable, mantra, or divine name, either aloud or to oneself. Some devotees count each repetition on a mala or rosary.
Recitation; chanting
the science of mantra repetition.