1) Terrorism tactic 
Istishhad (استشهاد) is the Arabic word for `martyrdom`, `death of a martyr`, or `heroic death`. In recent years the term has been said to `emphasize... heroism in the act of sacrifice` rather than `victimization,` and has `developed... into a military and political strategy,` often called `martyrdom operations`. Istishhad atta...