Copy of `Textbook of Small Animal Orthopaedics - Veterinary terms`

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Textbook of Small Animal Orthopaedics - Veterinary terms Category: Health and Medicine > Vet terms Date & country: 29/05/2018, USA Words: 141

xenograft
Bone transferred between members of different species

volar
Referring to the walking surface of the paw

varus
Bent inward; toward the midline of the body distal to joint described

valgus
Bent inward; toward the midline of the body distal to joint described

trephine
A cylindrical saw

transplant
To transfer tissue from one part to another

syndesmosis
Artificial ankylosis by fibrous connection

tenodesis
Tendon fixation; suturing of the end of a tendon to bone

tenolysis
Separation of a tendon from its tendon sheath

tenorrhaphy
The union of a divided tendon by a suture

tenotomy
Surgical division of a tendon to correct deformity

synostosis
The union of adjacent bones by means of osseous union of bones that are normally separate

synovectomy
Excision of a part or all of the synovial membranes

synovial fluid
A viscid fluid containing synovin, or mucin, and a small proportion of mineral salts

synchondrosis
The union of bones by means of fibrous or elastic cartilage

syndactylism
The condition in which two or more toes are more or less completely grown together or adherent

subluxation
An incomplete or partial dislocation

stress
The resisting force occurring in a body as a result of an externally applied force

strain
The change in shape that a body undergoes when acted upon by an external force

supination
A turning of the forepaw inward toward the body

spastic
Of the nature of or characterized by spasms or spasticity

spondylolisthesis
Ventral subluxation of one vertebral body referable to the next vertebral body

spondylitis
Inflammation of one or more vertebrae

spica
A figure-of-eight bandage

spondylolysis
A dissolution of the body of a vertebra

seroma
Soft swelling, filled with serum

shear
The distortion of a body by two oppositely directed parallel forces

rotation
The process of turning around an axis

saucerization
Excision of tissue (bone) to form a shallow depression

seouestrum
A piece of dead bone that has become separated from the sound bone during the process of necrosis

quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four limbs

retrograde
Pin placement that begins at the fracture site and exits a bone end

recurvatum
A backward bending; a curvature backward

reduction
The correction of a fracture or luxation

resection
Excision of a considerable portion of an organ; especially excision of the ends of bones and other structures forming a joint

ream
To widen an opening; to open the medullary canal

pseudarthrosis
A false joint, as that sometimes seen following a fracture or in failure of an arthrodesis or fusion

prosthesis
An artificial replacement for body parts that may be missing or defective

pronation
The act of turning the forepaw outward from the body

polydactylism
The occurrence of more than the usual number of toes

polyarticular
Pertaining to two or more joints

palmar
Referring to the walking surface of the forepaw; volar

palsy
Paralysis

perineurium
The sheath surrounding a bundle of nerve fibers in a peripheral nerve

periosteum
The tough fibrous membrane surrounding a bone

piezoelectric
Electric current generated by pressure upon certain bony crystals

plantar
Referring to the walking surface of the hindpaw; volar

paralysis
Loss of voluntary movement in a muscle or muscle group; loss of function (paresis)

parapatellar
Alongside or near the patella

paraplegia
Paralysis of the hindlegs and caudal part of the body, both motion and sensation being affected

osteoclasis
The surgical or manual fracture or refracture of bones

osteosclerosis
Abnormal hardening or increased density of bone (eburnation)

osteotome
A knife, used for cutting bone, in which both sides of the cutting edge are beveled

osteotomy
The surgical cutting of a bone

ostectomy
The excision of a bone or a portion of bone

osteoarthritis
Inflammation of the articular components of a bone

osteoporosis
Bone tissue that is normally mineralized but contains too little mass

oblique
Slanting away from horizontal or perpendicular

osteolysis
A localized area of osteoporosis

osteoma
A tumor composed of bone tissue and usually developing on a bone

osteomalacia
Faulty mineralization of available osteoid, which may be soft or bend

osteopetrosis
Increased bone density resulting from prenatal fetal bone that has not converted to

normograde
Pin placement that begins at a bone end and exits the fracture site

nonunion
Failure of the ends of a fractured bone to unite; false union; pseudarthrosis

myelosclerosis
Increased density of cancellous bone while cortical bone remains normal

monoplegia
Paralysis of a single part

monoarticular
Pertaining to a single joint

metastasis
The shifting or spreading of a disease to other parts of the body

metaplasia
The change in the type of adult cells in a tissue to a form that is abnormal for that tissue

malunion
Union of the fragments of a fractured bone in faulty position

meniscectomy
Excision of a meniscus from a joint

metaphysis
The flared area of junction of the epiphysis with the diaphysis of a long bone

involucrum
A covering or sheath, such as contains the sequestrum of a necrosed bone; localized overgrowth or hypertrophy of bone in response to infection

ischemia
Local and temporary deficiency of blood, due chiefly to the contraction of a blood vessel

isograft
Bone transferred between animals who are identical in histocompatibility antigens (litter mates)

kyphosis
Humpback; abnormal curvature and dorsal prominence of the vertebral column

lordosis
Curvature of the spinal column with a ventral convexity

hyperextension
Extreme or excessive extension; greater than 180°

hypertrophy
The enlargement or overgrowth of an organ or part due to an increase in size of its constituent cells

hyperemia
Excess of blood (circulation) in any part of the body

imbricate
Operative overlapping of layers of tissue; a tightening procedure

implant
To insert or graft

internal rotation
Inversion

inversion
A turning inward, inside out, upside down, or other reversal of the normal relation of a part

flaccid
Weak, lax, soft

flexion
The act of bending from a large angle to a lesser angle

fracture
The breaking of a part, especially of a bone; loss of continuity of bone

genu
The knee: genu varus, bowleg deformity; genu valgus, knock-knee deformity

hematoma
Soft tissue swelling filled with blood

hemiplegia
Paralysis of one side of the body

fibrillation
A fibrillar, striated pattern seen on cartilage undergoing early degenerative change

fenestration
To make openings or windows into an anatomical structure

epiphysis
A piece of bone separated from a long bone in early life by cartilage, but later becoming a part of the larger bone; the end of a long bone

epiphyseolysis
Separation of an epiphysis from its bone

eversion
A turning outward or inside out

extension
A movement that brings the members of the limb toward 180°

external rotation
Eversion

fatigue
Material failure caused by cyclic motion

epiphysiodesis
Premature union of an epiphysis with the diaphysis

endosteum
Internal periosteum; the membrane lining the medullary cavity