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Winchester City Penguins Swimming Club Category: Sport and Leisure > Swimming Date & country: 02/12/2013, USA Words: 196

Age Group
Division of swimmers according to age, usually in one or two year bands.

Alternate Breathing
In freestyle swimming, breathing to the right side then swimming three strokes and

Anaerobic Training
Training that improves your efficiency of the body

Anchor
The final swimmer in a relay.

Anchor
The point in the stroke pattern where the hand feels the most resistance and begins effective propulsive

Angle of Attack
The position or degree of angle that the hand enters the water.

ASA
The Amateur Swimming Association - the governing body of British swimming. About ASA registration

ASCA
The American Swim Coaches Association.

Ascending
Intervals or swims that increase in repeat time or decrease in speed

Back Up Time
The time given to a swimmer when they fail to stop the electronic timing by hitting the timing pad

Backstroke
One of the 4 competitive racing strokes, basically any style of swimming on your back. Backstroke is

Bag-Cats
British Age Group Categories, a method of awarding younger swimmers (Girls 13/U, Boys 14/U) for a

Balance
Refers to body position. Proper balance implies that your hips and head position are equally close to the

Beep
The starting sound from an electronic timing system.

Bilateral Breathing
In freestyle swimming, breathing to the right side then swimming three strokes and

Blocks
The starting platforms located behind each lane. Blocks have a variety of designs and can be permanent

blocks at only one end
As the swimmers stand behind the blocks, lanes should be numbered from Right (lane 1) to Left (lane 6).

Body Position
The way your body sits in the water during swimming. Ideal body position requires that your

Body Roll
Refers to freestyle and backstroke swimming. Rolling from the left of your body to the right side and

Bottom
The floor of the pool. In some pools these re movable to allow variation in the depth and use of the pool.

Breaststroke
One of the 4 competitive racing strokes. Breaststroke is swum as the second stroke in the Medley

Butterfly
One of the 4 competitive racing strokes. Butterfly (normally abbreviated to Fly) is swum as the third

Camp
There are many types of training camps for just about every level of swimmer. Normally organised by the individual clubs.

Cap
The silicone or latex covering worn on the head of swimmers. The colours and team logos adorning these

Carbohydrates
The main source of food energy used by athletes.

Cards
Entry cards either handed to the swimmer by the coaches or meet runners and given to the timer behind the lane. Cards usually list the swimmers name, ASA number, seed time, event number, event description, and

Catch
The point in the stroke pattern where the hand feels the most resistance and begins effective propulsive movement.

Circle Swim
Done when there are more than two swimmers in a lane. Swimmers swim up on one side of the

Closing Date
The date when entries into a competition have to be received by the organiser of the competition,

Club Championship
Competition for members of the club irrespective of age or experience.

Colorado
A brand of automatic timing system.

Competitors Steward
(Also known as Swimmers Whip) A nominated official that will ensure the

Consolation
Finals After the fastest 6 or 8 swimmers, the next 6 or 8 swimmers (depending on the number of

Course
Designated distance (length of pool) for swimming competition. (i.e.) Long Course = 50 metres / Short

CQT
County Qualifying Time.

Deadline
The date meet entries must be 'post marked' or 'in' by, to be accepted by the meet host/club. Making

Deck
The area around the swimming pool reserved for swimmers, officials, and coaches. No one but an

Deck Level
A system of re-circulating water in a pool where the side of the pool is at or just below the level of

Dehydration
The abnormal depletion of body fluids (water). The most common cause of swimmers getting

Descend
To swim each repeat in a faster time than the previous. Ex. 4 x 50 metres on a 1 minute interval. Do

Descending
Intervals or swims that decrease in time (2.00, 1.45, 1.30 1:15, 1:10, 1:05, 1:00, 55).

Development
A classification of meet or competition. The purpose of a developmental meet is to allow all levels

Disqualified
A swimmers performance is not counted because of an infringement of the rules.

Dist Fr
Distance freestyle, mostly distances greater than 200 metres.

Distance
How far a swimmer swims. Distances for short course are

Dive
Entering the water head first at the start of the race.

Diving Pit
A separate pool or a pool set off to the side of the competition pool. This pool has deeper water and

Drag suit
A second loose fitting swim suit worn by swimmers in workout and warm-up to add a certain amount

Dropped
Time When a swimmer goes faster than the previous performance they have 'dropped their time' or

Dropped Elbow
Would be the opposite of the high elbow and ineffective for powerful propulsion through the

Dry land
The exercises and various strength programmes swimmers do out of the water.

Electronic Timing
Timing system operated electronically. The timing system usually has touch pads in the

Eligible to compete
The status of a member swimmer that means they are registered and have met all the

Entry
An Individual, Relay team, or Club event list into a swim competition.

Entry
Dealing with how the hand enters the water at the beginning of the stroke (freestyle, backstroke and

Entry Fees
The amount per event a swimmer or relay is charged. This varies depending on the type of meet.

Entry Limit
Each meet will usually have a limit of total swimmers they can accept before the meet will be closed

Event
A race or stroke over a given distance. An event equals 1 heat with its final, or 1 timed final.

False start
Occurs when a swimmer leaves the starting block, or is moving on the block, before the starter

False Start Rope
A rope across the width of the racing pool that is lowered to the water surface for the purpose

Faulty Start
Occurs when a swimmer(s) leave the starting block due to an error of an official or failure of the

FINA
Federation Internationale de National de Amateur, the international governing body of competitive swimming, diving, water polo and synchronized swimming.

FINA
The international, rules making organisation, for the sport of swimming.

Final
The championship final of an event in which the fastest eight swimmers from the heats or semi-finals

Final Results
The printed copy of the results of each race of a swim meet.

Finals
The final race of each event to determine the overall classification.

Fins
Large rubber or other material fin type devices that fit on a swimmers feet. Used in training to aid

Flags
Pennants that are suspended over the width of each end of the pool, 5 metres from the wall. to allow

Four Beat Kick
4 leg movements per arm stroke in freestyle. Similarly 2 and 6 beat kicks may be used.

Freestyle
One of the 4 competitive racing strokes. Freestyle (or Free) is swum as the fourth stroke in the Medley

Gallery
The viewing area for spectators during the swimming competition.

Go Time
The time, including the rest interval that a swimmer has to repeat a certain distance.

Goals
Short, Medium and Long range targets set by swimmers, and agreed by the coaches, to aim for.

Goggles
Eyewear worn by swimmers in the pool to protect the swimmers' eyes from the effects of chemicals in

Gravity wave
Wave action caused by the swimmers' bodies moving through the water. Gravity waves move

Gun
The blank firing pistol used by the starter to start the races. This form of starting signal is now very rarely

Gutter
The area at the edges of the pool in which water overflows and is re-circulated into the pool. Deep gutters

Hats
See 'caps'.

Heats
A division of an event when there are too many swimmers to compete at the same time. The results are

High Elbow
May refer to keeping a high elbow in the recovery phase of freestyle which encourages better

Horn
A sounding device used in place of a gun. Used mainly with a fully automatic timing system.

Hypoxic Training (breath control)
Training with a decreased concentration of oxygen that causes the

IM
Short for individual medley, an event in which the swimmer uses all four competitive strokes in the following

Insurance
The ASA offers 'accident insurance coverage' which is automatic when swimmers, pay their ASA

Interval
A specific elapsed time for swimming and rest used during swim practice.

Interval
The time given to complete a given distance, plus rest.

Interval Training
Consists of repeated bouts of moderate- to high- intensity activity separated by brief rest

Juniors
For Regional/District and National competitions normally 16 and under. In Club competitions each club may set their own level of

Kick
The leg movements of a swimmer.

Kick Board
A flotation device used by swimmers during training when swimming with legs only.

Lactate
See lactic acid

Lactic Acid
In the absence of oxygen, as with anaerobic training, your body will breakdown muscle sugar

Lane
The specific area in which a swimmer is assigned to swim. (i.e.) Lane 1 or Lane 2. Pools with starting

Lane Lines
Continuous floating markers attached to a cable stretched from the starting end to the turning end for the purpose of separating each lane.

Lane Ropes
The dividers used to delineate the individual lanes. These are made of individual finned disks strung on a cable which rotate on the cable when hit by a wave. The rotating disks dissipate surface tension waves in a competitive pool.

Lap
One length of the course.

Lap Counter
The large numbered cards (or the person turning the cards) used during the freestyle events 800 metres or longer. Counting is done from the starting end.

Late Entries
Meet entries from a club or individual that are received by the meet host after the entry deadline. These entries are usually not accepted and are returned to sender.

Leg
The part of a relay event swum by a single team member. A single stroke in the IM.

Length
Technically, a length is once across the pool; a lap is across and back. However most coaches use the terms interchangeably to mean simply once across the pool. Thus, 4 lengths in a 25 metre pool would be