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Kerbtier - Beetle glossary Category: Animals and Nature > Beetles Date & country: 24/11/2013, DE Words: 317

s.str.
(lat. sensu stricto) in the stricter sense

t.
(lat. teste) reviewed/confirmed by

s.l.
(lat. sensu lato) in the wider sense

R-strategist
organism that uses a survival and reproductive 'strategy' characterised by high fecundity, high mortality, short longevity; populations controlled by density-independent factors

K-strategist
organism that uses a survival and reproductive 'strategy' characterised by low fecundity, low mortality, longer life and with populations approaching the carrying capacity of the environment, controlled by density-dependent factors

xylophagous
eating wood

zoophagous
feeding on animals

xylodetriticolous
living in decayed wood

xerothermophilous
applied to species living in hot and dry places

xerothermic
both dry and hot climate or area

xerophilous
applied to species living in dry places

vid.
(lat. vidit, has seen) seen/reviewed by

ventral
towards or at the lower surface

vicariance
the separation or division of a group of organisms by a geographic barrier, such as a mountain or a body of water, resulting in differentiation of the original group into new varieties or species

vagile
having freedom to move about

univoltine
having but a single generation a year

ubiquist
species that is not bound to any particular habitat

type
the type provides the objective standard of reference whereby the application of the name of a nominal taxon can be determined; see also holotype, paratype, syntype, neotype and lectotype

trogloxenous
casual inhabitants of caves, whose long permanence in the caves could cause them to die

troglophilous
frequent inhabitant of the caves, adapted ecologically but not morphologically

troglobious
organisms, whose life cycle takes place completely in a cave

trochanter
the second leg segment, following the coxa

triungulin
the active first instar larva of some parasitic, hypermetamorphic Neuroptera and Coleoptera

trichome
a filamentous or hairlike structure of a gland, e.g. in myrmecophilous beetles

tribe
a taxonomic rank between family and genus. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes

tomentum
a covering of dense, matted, woolly hairs

trachea
one of the tubules forming the respiratory system of most insects and many arachnids

tibia
the fourth leg segment, following the femur

thorax
the chest, split into prothorax (anterior chest), mesothorax (middle chest) and metathorax (posterior chest)

thermophilic
applied to species living in hot places

thanatosis
feigning death

terricolous
living on or in the ground

tetrameric
having four parts, or parts arranged in groups of four, referrring to the tarsi of insects

tergite
the primary plate or sclerite forming the dorsal surface of any body segment

taxonomy
the theory and practice of naming and classifying organisms

tarsus
the leg segment distal to the tibia, comprising 1-5 tarsomeres

taxon
a category in the classification of living organisms. The taxa (the plural of taxon) in the Linnean system are kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.

syntype
any of two or more specimens listed in a species description where a holotype was not designated

synonym
different scientific names that pertain to the same taxon

synapomorphy
a derived trait that is shared by two or more taxa of shared ancestry

synanthropic
associated with humans or their dwellings

sympatric
organisms whose ranges overlap or are even identical, so that they occur together at least in some places

symbiosis
a long-lasting, close and dependent relationship between two organisms of different species

subtribe
a taxonomic rank between tribe and genus

succession
the gradual and orderly process of change in an ecosystem brought about by the progressive replacement of one community by another until a stable climax is established

subterranean
living under the surface of the earth

subspecies
a well-marked form of a species differing from the type in some character of color or maculation which is recognizable but does not prevent a fertile union

subpopulation
a population that is part of a larger population

submontane
climate zone 450 - 800 m, European Beech (Fagus sylvatica), Silver Fir or European Silver Fir (Abies alba) and Norway Spruce (Picea abies).

subgenus
taxonomic group between a genus and a species

subfamily
a taxonomic rank between family and tribe

subalpine
1500 - 2500 m, Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris), Norway Spruce (Picea abies), Swiss Pine (Pinus cembra, Arve or Zirbel) limit and European Larch (Larix decidua) limit

stylopized
insect hosts that have been attacked by endoparasitic stylopids (Strepsiptera), e.g. Hympenoptera like bees and wasps, but from other orders as well

stridulation
the production of sound by rubbing two ridged surfaces together

stipes
the second joint of a maxilla of an insect or a crustacean

sternite
the ventral piece in a ring or segment

stigma
a spiracle or breathing pore

steppicolous
living in steppe environments

stenotopic
able to adapt only to a narrow range of environmental conditions

stenophagous
utilizing only a limited variety of foods or food species, eating only a narrow range of food

sphagnicolous
living in Sphagnum

sphagnetum
plant society characterized by sphagnum

silvicolous
growing in or inhabiting woodlands

spermatheca
a small sac-like branch of the female reproductive tract of arthropods in which sperm may be stored

sexual dimorphism
systematic difference in form between individuals of different sex in the same species

serrate
toothed like a saw

sexual dichromatism
systematic difference in color between individuals of different sex in the same species

secondary pest
an injurious organism capable of damaging only weakend or stressed or already damaged substrates

scutellum
the posterior third of the mesonotum

sculpture
texture of the cuticula, e.g. puncture, granules, wrinkles, etc.; see also microsculpture

sclerotization
hardening of the cuticle by the cross-linking of the protein chains in the exocuticle

scape
the first segment of the antenna

sclerite
hardened body part in the exosceleton of insects

saprophagous
eating decaying organisms

ruderal area
pioneer habitats resulting from human activity

ripicolous
dwelling on river banks: riparian

rhizophagous
feeding on roots

rheophilous
thriving in or having an affinity for running water

relict
an organism that at an earlier time was abundant in a large area but now occurs at only one or a few small areas

recent
of, belonging to, or denoting the Holocene Epoch

pygidium
the posterior part of the body in certain invertebrates

pubescent
covered with short, soft hair

pubescence
a covering of soft short hairs, or down, as one some plants and insects; also, the state of being so covered

pseudochrysalis
a false pupa: applied to the fifth stage, or coarctate pupa, of those insects which undergo hypermetamorphosis. Also called semipupa.

psammophilous
living in sandy places

proximal
concerning the basal part of an appendage - the part nearest to the body

prothorax
the first segment of the thorax

pronotum
the upper (dorsal) plate of the prothorax

primary pest
an injurious organism that attacks an immaculate substrate and is the leading cause of a damage

prognathous
mouthparts are directed forwards from the head from the insect's normal position

predator
an organism hunting and eating other animals

posterior
concerning or facing the rear

praticolous
living on meadows

population
all the organisms that constitute a specific group or occur in a specified habitat

ponto-mediterranean
South-East Europe around the Mediterranean

polyporicolous
living on polypore fungi

polyembryonie
the production of two or more embryos in one seed

polyphagous
eating many kinds of food

pollenophagous
feeding on pollen

planar
climate zone under 150 m