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Jewelry Design - Jewelry terms Category: Hobbies and Crafts > Jewelry Designs Date & country: 31/08/2013, USA Words: 160

Lab-Grown
Man-made gemstone that has nearly the same physical,optical and chemical properties of a natural gemstone. Syntheticgemstone.

Luster
The appearance of a surface resulting from reflectedlight. Diamonds exhibit Adamantine Luster, glass and mostgemstones exhibit Vitreous Luster, amber exhibits Resinous Luster.

Make
A trade term referring to the quality of a gemstone'scut.

Matrix
The rock in which gemstone material is found. Somematrix material may remain in a finished gemstone--the veining inturquoise is a common matrix seen in a finished gemstone.

Melee
Gemstones of approximately .18 carats or less. May referto all gemstones or cutting styles, but is usually used forround, facetted diamonds.

Millegrain
A style of setting in which the stone is held in placeby a row of tiny beads along the girdle of the stone.

Mineral
Inorganic substances occurring naturally and having adefinite chemical composition and crystal structure.

Mineralogy
The study of minerals, including their physical andchemical properties.

Mixed Cut
A gemstone cut consisting of a brilliant-cut crown andstep-cut pavilion.

Moh
A categorization of minerals according to their hardness--resistanceto scratching. Diamond is the hardest and talc is the softest.

Monoclinic System
A crystal system which consists of three axes, eachunequal in length with two intersecting at oblique angles and thethird perpendicular to the other two.

Mounting
The portion of a piece of jewelry which holds a gemstone.

Normal
In the study of light, an imaginary line perpendicularto a surface. Used in gemology to describe the angle at whichlight strikes an object.

Octahedron
An eight-sided geometric solid and one of the forms inthe Isometric Crystal System. The most common crystal in whichdiamonds occur.

Opalescence
Milky or pearly appearance. Girasol.

Opaque
The quality of not allowing the transmission of light.

Optic Character
The effect a material has on the transmission on light.

Optical Properties
The behavior of light within a material.

Organic Gem
Naturally occurring substances wholly or partly derivedfrom plants or animals--coral, jet, pearls.

Oriented Stone
A gemstone cut to place the optical axis, and resultingphenomenon, in proper position--star sapphires and star rubies.

Orthorhombic System
A crystal system which consists of three axes, eachunequal in length and intersecting at ninety-degree angles.

Parting
Flat, smooth breakage of a mineral along planes ortwinning, commonly found in corundum.

Paste
Glass usually containing lead oxide and cut to simulatea gemstone.

Pave'
Small stones set in the surface of metal as closetogether as possible.

Pavilion
The portion of a facetted gemstone below the girdle.

Phenomenon
An optical effect which appears in certain gemstonematerials. Often revealed by or enhanced by proper fashioning.

Phosphorescence
A continuing glow exhibited by some gemstones after thesource of illumination has been removed.

Play of Color
Prismatic flashes of color seen within a gemstone. Thecolor display in Opal.

Pleochroism
Change of colors observed in double-refractive gemstoneswhen viewed different directions. Selective absorption andvarying transmission rates of light cause the color change whenthe gemstone is viewed along different optical axes.

Prong
A narrow tab of metal folded over the girdle of agemstone to secure it in a setting.

Reconstructed Stone
A man-made gemstone produced by fusing together smallparticles of a natural stone.

Refraction
The change of velocity and resulting bending of light asit passes from one medium into another medium of differentoptical character.

Refractive Index
The ratio of speed of light in air to its speed within asubstance.

Refractometer
An instrument used to measure the degree of refractionwith a gemstone. One of the primary tests to identify gemstonematerial.

Rondelles
Small, jeweled or facetted beads often used as spacersin a string.

Rough
Uncut or unfashioned gemstone material.

Scarab
A gemstone cut in the form of a beetle.

Schiller
The appearance of a floating, billowy light in cabochongemstones or a stationary sheen on the flat surface of a stone.Seen in certain Feldspars such as Moonstone. Adularescence.

Scintillation
Reflections from a polished surface as its relativeposition to either the viewer or the source of illuminationchanges.

Scrimshaw
Carved or engraved ivory or vegetable ivory. Theengraved lines and textured surfaces are often colored with inksand dyes.

Setting
A mounting or the portion of a mounting which actuallyholds the stone.

Stability
The ability of a gemstone to resist deterioration.

Star Stone
A gemstone in which the phenomenon of asterism isvisible.

Strain
Irregularity in the ordered structure of the atoms in acrystal.

Strass
Glass containing a high amount of lead oxide and cut tosimulate a gemstone. Named for its inventor Josef Strass.

Substitute
A substance used to imitate a more valuable gemstone.The substitute substance may be natural or man-made.

Synthetic
A man-made gemstone that has nearly the same physical,optical and chemical properties of a natural gemstone. Lab-growngemstone.

Table
The horizontal flat surface on the crown of a facettedgemstone.

Tetragonal System
A crystal system which consists of three axes, two ofequal length and perpendicular to one another, the thirdperpendicular to the plane of the others.

Tiffany Setting
A solitaire (single-stone) setting for a facetted stoneconsisting of six long, slender prongs.

Tone
The relative lightness or darkness of a color.

Translucent
A substance that allows transmitted light to clearlypass through. Objects cannot be seen through a translucentsubstance.

Transparent
A substance that allows transmitted light to clearlypass through. Objects can be seen through a transparent substance.

Trichroism
The transmission of three different colors in threedifferent optical planes as light passes through a gemstonematerial. May be used to distinguish one gemstone material fromothers.

Triclinic System
A crystal system which consists of three axes, all ofunequal lengths and at oblique angles to each other.

Triscotahedron
A twenty-four sided geometric solid. One of the crystalforms of the Isometric crystal system.

Tube Setting
A bezel setting in which a bearing cut into the end of atube.

Tulip Setting
A prong setting with a small base where it is attachedto the body of the jewelry piece and usually has a peg on thebase which is inserted into a hole for solder attachment.

Tumbled Stone
A gem with an irregular or baroque shape. Polished byrandom application of an abrasive material.

Uniaxial Stone
A gemstone possessing one optical axis. Crystals of thehexagonal or tetragonal system are uniaxial.