Copy of `First Nature - Wildflower terms`

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First Nature - Wildflower terms Category: Animals and Nature > Wildflowers Date & country: 26/08/2013, USA Words: 168

Micorrhizome
Early stage of seedling development during which it is solely dependent on fungi for nutrients

Monocarpic
Flowers once and then dies

Mutualism
Relationship between organisms from which all benefit

Mycelium
Mass of branching filaments that make up the body of a fungus

Mycorrhiza
Relationship between plant and fungus where the fungus will penetrate or form a layer over the roots

Mycotrophic
Acquiring nutrients from fungus

Native
Belonging to a region through natural circumstances

Naturalised
Introduced to a region but subsequently forming self-sustaining populations

Nectary
Nectar-secreting gland

Node
Point on a stem where one or more leaves are attached

Ovary
Female reproductive organ containing ovules

Ovule
Organ inside ovary enclosing the embryo sac containing an egg

Panicle
Branched cluster of flowers with stalks

Pappus
Tuft of hair on achenes or other fruits which aids seed dispersal

Parasitic
Entirely dependent for it survival on abstracting nutrients from another plant

Pasture
Grassland that is grazed for part of a year and not cut for hay or silage

Pedicel
Stalk of flower

Petals
Inner whorl of perianth segments - the outer one being the sepals

pH
Measure of acidity or alkalinity based on a logarithmic scale of hydrogen ion concentration, where 0 is most acidic, 7 is neatral, and 14 is most basic (alkaline)

Pheromone
Chemical produced by animal or insect that influences the behaviour of other members of the same species

Photosynthesis
Process of production of food by green plants

Phototropic
Acquisition of food by photosynthesis

Pinnate
Leaflets arranged on two sides of a single stalk

Pollen
Spores with single cell containing male gamete

Pollinium
Mass of pollen transported during pollination

Raceme
Unbranched flower cluster where each flower is stalked

Ray/Ray-floret
Outer, flattened flower of a daisy-type flower head with a large petal extending radially outwards; the inside reagion of the flower head consists of disc florets with much smaller, equal-sized petals

Receptacle
That part of the stem that has flower parts attached to it

Recurved
Bent or curved backwards

Reflexed
Bent down or back

Reticulation
Marked with network of veins

Rhizome
Creeping (usually underground) thickened stem that stores food

Runner
Stem that creeps along the ground and forms roots at periodic intervals that will eventually form separate plants

Saprophyte
Plant feeding on rotten vegetation in the ground

Scape
Leafless stem bearing flowers

Secund
Facing in the same direction

Sepal
Outer row or ring of perianth segments forming the protective covering of a flower bud

Septum
A thin partition or membrane separating the individual seeds within a seed pod or fruit

Sessile
Without a stem

Silicula
Fruit of the cabbage family, often rounded and three times longer than it is broad

Simple
Leaves not divided into leaflets

Spadix
Fleshy spike with unstalked flowers

Spathe
Large hooded bract enclosing a spadix

Species
Classification of a group of similar individuals that breed true in the wild

Speculum
Mirror-like patch found on the petals of some orchids

Spike
Unbranched cluster of flowers that are unstalked

Spur
Hollow pouch, sometimes cylindrical or conical, projecting from a flower and containing nectar

Stamen
Male reproductive organ of a flower

Standard/Standard petal
Upright, upper petal of a pea flower that is larger than the others

Stemless
A plant without an obvious stem but with a flower stalk that arising directly from the ground

Stigma
Part of a flower that receives pollen

Stigma ray
Star-shaped stigma with radiating branches

Stipule
Leaf-like organ at the base of a leaf stalk

Stolon
Stem growing horizontally above or below the ground

Style
The part of the female reproductive organ that joins the ovary to the stigma

Subshrub
Small perennial with woody stems

Succulent
Plant with fleshy leaves

Suture
Seam along which pods or other fruits split open

Symbiosis
Relationship between two or more organisms in which all benefit

Tap root
Strong main root that grows vertically downwards

Tepal
Petals and sepals that cannot be clearly distinguished from each other

Trifoliate
Leaf made up from three distinct leaflets, for example as in clover

Tuber
Food storage organ formed by a swollen underground stem

Tubercle
Small warty protuberance

Umbel
Flat or domed-topped flower cluster with all the stems originating at the same place, as for example in cow parsley

Valve
One of several parts of a fruit that become partially or fully separated

Whorl
Collection of organs that encircle a stem

Wing/Wing petal
Lateral petals of many flowers particularly orchids and pea flowers