Copy of `IRC Politics - Political terms`
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IRC Politics - Political terms
Category: General technical and industrial > Politics
Date & country: 29/04/2011, USA Words: 237
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abolitionistone who favors doing away with slavery.
absolutismthe principle or the exercise of complete and unrestricted power in government.
acid raina theory that pollution rises into the atmosphere and chemicals are returned to earth in the rain.
ACLUAmerican Civil Liberties Union. Nonprofit, nonpartisan litigation and lobbying organization which, among other activities, defends "freedom of expression, privacy, due process, and equal protection on behalf of anyone, no matter how unpopular the issue.
ad hominemappealing to a prejudice or emotion, to discredit what someone believes. Instead of addressing the opposing side's argument or position, you make a personal attack on their character.
affirmative actionlaws mandating increased numbers of women and minorities, especially in employment.
altruismsacrifice of the self for the welfare of others.
amendmentan alteration of or addition to a bill, constitution, etc.
anarchistone who seeks to overturn, by violence, society and government, with no intention of establishing another orderly system.
Anarchist (libertarian)this anti-american faction is made up of far-left extremists from the communist, socialist democrat, and environmentalist movements. They condemn capitalism, advocate intolerance and violence, utilizing terrorist methods to implement change.
Antifederalista person who opposed the adoption of the proposed U.S. Constitution.
Anti-Semitearbitraryone who discriminates against or who is hostile toward or prejudiced against Jews. Sometimes used as a label for those who criticize Israel or it's policies, in order to intimidate and stifle disagreement.
Articles of Confederationthe constitution of the 13 American colonies, adopted in 1781 and replaced in 1789 by the U.S. Constitution.
atheismthe doctrine or belief that there is no God or gods.
attorney generalthe chief law officer of a country or state and head of its legal department.
autarkynational economic self-sufficiency.
autocracya government where uncontrolled or unlimited authority is in the hands of one person.
axis-of-evilcountries to be attacked; Bush administration hitlist (currently includes Iran, North Korea, and possibly now Syria -
bear marketa declining or tending toward a declining in prices.
bigotryintolerance of anyone else's creed, belief, or opinion.
billa form or draft of a proposed statute presented to a legislature.
Bill of Rightsa formal statement of the fundamental rights of the people of a nation; such a statement incorporated in the U.S. Constitution as Amendments 1
bi-partisanrepresenting, characterized by, or including members from two parties or factions.
blow-backthe threat of American-made weapons being turned against American troops
Blue Dog DemocratsDemocrats that frequently take Republicans or Independents political positions.
budgetan itemized estimate of expected income and expense and a plan of operation based on such an estimate.
bull marketa rise in prices. Characterized by favorable prospects for the economy.
bureaucracyofficials using fixed fules and a hierarchy of authority characterized by red tape, delay or inaction
Bush Derangement Syndrome (BDS)The term BDS refers to a seriously paranoid state-of-mind, that affects some liberals. They blame President George W. Bush for virtually every ill in the world.
cabineta council advising a sovereign, president, etc.
capitalisman economic system in which investment in and ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained by private individuals.
casuistryapplication of general ethical principles to particular cases of conscience or conduct.
caucusa closed meeting of a group of persons belonging to the same political party or faction usually to select candidates or to decide on party policy
censorshipsuppressing books, plays, music, newspapers, speech, etc. because they are considered morally or politically objectionable.
chancellorthe chief minister of state as in Germany.
chaosa state of utter confusion and disorder.
CIACentral Intelligence Agency. The U.S. federal agency that coordinates governmental intelligence activities.
circuit courtthe court of general jurisdiction in some states.
civil rightsthe rights to personal liberty established by the 13th and 14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution and certain Congressional Acts.
civil wara war between political factions or regions within the same country.
classdividing society into groups where the members of each group share basically the same economic and political characteristics.
ClimategateIn 2009 there was a hacking of the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) at the Univ. of East-Anglia, in Norwich, England. Over a thousand emails were taken and the contents placed on the Internet for all to see. Controversy arose because the emails revealed that several climate scientists had colluded to withhold scientific information, interfered with the peer-review process to prevent dissenting scienti...
Code PinkWomen for Peace
collateral damagebystander casualties, ecological destruction and environmental contamination with potential to keep causing both
collectivismcentralized control of the social and economic elements of a society, especially the means of production.
communisma system of social organization in which a totalitarian state, run by a single self-appointed political party, controls all economic and social activity.
competitiontwo or more entities, such as corporations, vying for the greatest amount of profits, prizes, acknowledgments, etc.
congressthe national legislative body of the U.S. consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
conscriptionthe draft. Mandatory enrollment in the military.
ConservativeRepresented by the Republican party, or political Right. One who generally favors economic liberty, free markets, private property, privatization of business and lower taxes. They claim to want less, or limited Government. They respect the dignity of the individual, prefering personal freedoms over equality. They support a strong national defense and their champion is probably Ronald Reagan.
conspiracyan evil, unlawful, treacherous, or surreptitious plan formulated in secret by two or more persons.
Constitutional Conventionthe convention of representatives from each of the colonies (except Rhode Island) that met in Philadelphia in 1787 to frame the U.S. Constitution.
Continental Congressone of two continental assemblies that first met from September 5 to October 26, 1774, and afterward met from 1775 to 1789, during which period the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation were adopted.
creationismthe belief that God created the universe, including all life, in its present form precisely as stated in the Bible in the book of Genesis.
cyber terrorisma surprise attack by a foreign terrorist group, or individuals with a political agenda, using computer technology and the Internet to cripple or disable infrastructure.
Darwinismthe theory that the origin of the species is derived by descent, with variation, from parent forms, through the natural selection of those best adapted to survive in the struggle for existence.
debunk.to expose a sham or falseness by presenting a truthful explanation
Declaration of Independencethe public act by which the Second Continental Congress on July4, 1776, declared the colonies to be free and independent of England.
decriminalizationthe elimination of criminal penalties for the possession or use of something.
deficitthe amount by which a sum of money falls short of the required amount.
democracya form of government to which the supreme power is vested in and exercised directly by the people or by their representatives elected under a free electoral system.
democratOne who advocates social and economic equality and government efforts, through tax-supported programs, at achieving this equality. Democrats favor liberal or progressive positions, some of which include opposition to the Iraq war, diplomacy over military action, globalism, welfare programs targeted to the poor, global warming, affirmative action, balanced budget and unionized labor.
democratic republica nation that favors states' rights rather than a strong national government.
depressiona prolonged and very severe recession. The economic crisis which began around the time of the stock market crash in October 1929 and continued through the 1930s.
determinisma philosophical concept which postulates that all events, including human actions, are predetermined.
dialecticthe art or practice of a logical discussion as of the truth of a theory or opinion.
dictatorone who assumes absolute control without the free consent of the people.
disinformationfalse information deliberately and often covertly spread (as by the planting of rumors) in order to influence public opinion or obscure the truth
doublespeaklanguage deliberately constructed to disguise its actual meaning
doublethinkmaintaining a contradiction in mind as one speaks the opposite of one's own belief.
Dow Jones Industrial Averagea weighted average of thirty stocks chosen by Dow Jones and Company as representative of the size and financial performance of the premier corporations in America.
downsizereduction of employees
earmarksa term used to describe a very specific type of pork barrel spending. The earmark is usually a reward offered to politicians to get their votes on bills they would not otherwise support. A good example is the Obama Health care bill; Sen. Ben Nelson D-NE was given the "Nebraska Kickback" for his vote; and Sen. Mary Landrieu D-LA received what was called the "Louisiana purchase" for her vote. Th...
Ecoterroristpolitical terrorism; a person who uses sabotage, arson and violence in order to achieve environmentalist aims
egalitariancharacterized by the belief in the equality of all men.
eliminationistoriginally a term used to describe Hitler's plan to eliminate the Jews. Today it is often used to describe a group of environmental radicals who have apocalyptic environmental views that treat humans as a disease. Many believe animals are more important than humans. Eliminationists support programs for humans, such as: forced abortions, putting sterilizing agents in drinking water, other means of...
embedded reportersreporters who are absorbed into an advancing military unit, and who may even dress like soldiers, so that
empiricaldepending upon experience or observation alone, without using science or theory.
Enlightenmenta trend during the 18th century that favored the power of human reason. It was believed that knowledge could only come from observation guided by reason and that through reason, continuing progress in knowledge, achievement, and morality could be sustained. Further, that through education, human nature could be changed for the better.
Environmental terrorismpolitical terrorism; the use of sabotage, arson and violence in order to achieve environmentalist aims. The Unabomber, Chaim Nissim and James Jay Lee were all environmental terrorists. Animal Liberation Front (ALF), Earth Liberation Front (ELF), Greenpeace and Earth First! are organizations that support violent tactics.
environmentalismadvocating working towards the protection of air, water, animals, plants, and other resources from pollution and its effects.
equalitythe state in which all people, regardless of their individual characteristics and abilities and without any special privileges or advantages, have the same opportunities for economic, social, etc. achievement.
ethnic cleansingthe deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group, also known as Genocide .
Eugenicsimproving the human gene pool by discouraging procreation by persons with undesirable traits.
evolutiona theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations; also : the process described by this theory
executive branchone of the three main branches of the U.S. government which consists of 10 offices and 14 departments which are led by the President.
fascisma totalitarian governmental system that emphasizes nationalism and racism and is led by a dictator.
FBIFederal Bureau of Investigations. A federal agency charged, by the Attorney General, with investigating certain types of violations.
FCCFederal Communications Commission. A board that regulates broadcasting and interstate communications.
Federal Reserve Systemthe U.S. federal banking system that is under the control of a central board of governors (Federal Reserve Board) with a central bank (Federal Reserve Bank) in each of the 12 districts. It has wide powers in controlling credit and the flow of money.
federalistone who advocates a strong central government.
feminismthe doctrine of advocating social and political rights for women equal to those of men. (see NOW)
food policeindividuals or groups who use a political bias as a standard to determine what is, and is not, healthy or appropriate for
free enterprisean economic idea which states that a capitalist economy can, through supply and demand, regulate itself in a freely competitive market without governmental interference.
free shita slang term for welfare, food stamps, social security, Medicaid, public education, foreign aid and other items financed with taxpayer money and given by government to people who claim to have a need for them.
free speechthe right of people to express their opinions publicly without governmental interference, subject to the laws against libel, incitement to violence or rebellion, etc.
GDPmeasures the value of all goods and services produced within a given nation's borders no matter what the producer's nationality.
Gestapothe German state secret police during the Nazi regime.
Global Warmingan increase in the earth's atmospheric and oceanic temperatures widely predicted to occur due to an increase in the greenhouse effect supposedly resulting from pollution
Global Warming Movementa name given to an environmental movement that claims that humankind is to blame for any increase in the average temperature of the Earth.