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Reshafim - Ancient mythology terms Category: History and Culture > Ancient mythology Date & country: 16/01/2011, IS Words: 358

Aah, Iah
Moon sacred to Osiris, Djehuty (Thoth) and Khonsu

Abdu Heba
Ruler of Jerusalem, contemporary of Akhenaten

Aegis (Greek)
Ornamental collar, menat

Akhet (Ax.t [1]), Shait
Season of inundation, from mid-July to mid-November in Ptolemaic times

Akhetaten, Al Amarna, El Amarna
Capital of Akhenaten, 18th dynasty

Alashia, Alasyia
Probably Cyprus

Amen
Main God during the New Kingdom, identified with Zeus by the Greeks

Amenemhab, Amenemheb
War companion of Thutmose III (Amenemhab's Biography)

Amenemhet, Amenemhat
Four pharaohs of the 12th dynasty

Amenirdis
Wife of the God (High priestess of Amen)

Amenmes
New Kingdom pharaoh, 19th dynasty

Amenophis
according to Manetho Greek for Amenhotep and still often used in this sense; philologically correct for Amenemope (imn-m-ipt)

Amenti
Realm of the Dead, cf Duat

Ammit
Chimaera, destroyer of the hearts of dead who were not justified

Amorites
People in Retenu (Today's Lebanon and western Syria)

Amratian
Middle pre-dynastic period, 3550 to 3400 BCE, also called Naqada IA and IB

Amulet
Charm

Anch
Symbol of enduring life

Anchesenamen
Wife of Tutankhamen, 18th dynasty

Anchnesmerire
Queen, Mother of Pepi II

Anhuret
Identified with the Greek Ares. His main cult was at Papremis

Ankh
Life, its hieroglyph was often worn as an amulet

Ankhmahor
6th dynasty vizier

Ankhtifi
nomarch in Upper Egypt during the FIP

Antef
see Intef

Antefoker
Mayor and vizier under Senusret I

Anubis
God, conductor of souls

Anubis
God of the necropolis

Apep
see Apopis

Apepi
Two Hyksos kings

Aphrodite
the Greek equivalent of Hathor

Apis
Bull symbolizing fertility venerated at Memphis

Apophis
The serpent of Chaos, sometimes equated with Seth

Apotropaic (from Greek)
Having the power to avert evil

Artaxerxes
2 Persian kings and Egyptian pharaohs (27th dynasty)

Arura
The ground covered by a yoke of ploughing oxen in one day, about 2700 m²

Aser
see Osiris

Aset
see Isis

Ashur-Uballit
King of Assyria, contemporary of Akhenaten

Atef
Crown worn by Osiris

Aten
The sun disk, unique god of Akhenaten

Avaris
Capital of the Hyksos kings in the Delta

Ba'ah
The planet Venus

Badarian
Early pre-dynastic period, 3800 to 3500 BCE, also Fayum A or Merimda

Bai
Chancellor of Ramses Siptah, 19th dynasty

Bakare
Listed in the Turin King list as successor of Khafre

Bakenkhons
High Priest of Amen under Ramses II, possibly father of Nefertari, member of the Amenemope clan, block statue

Bast
Goddess of the home, Artemis to the Greeks. Her cultural centre was at Bubastis

Bat
Goddess with the form of a cow, from the Middle Kingdom on merged with Hathor

Bau
Messenger or appearance of a deity

Benben
1) The first land to rise from the primordial waters. 2) Pyramid shaped sacred stone at Heliopolis

Bennu bird (bnw)
see Phoenix

Biridiya
Ruler of Megiddo, contemporary of Akhenaten

Book of the Dead
Better The Book of Going Forth by Day. A collection of magical writings placed in tombs since the New Kingdom with the intention of helping the deceased in the after-life.

Burnaburiash
Kassite king of Babylonia, contemporary of Akhenaten

Byblos (Greek)
City in Lebanon, important to Egyptian trade

byssus
fr. Greek bussos, fine linen

Canaan
Today's Israel and southern Lebanon, above all the coastal region

Canobic
The westernmost arm of the Nile, after the city of Canobus (Canopus)

Canopic jars (from Latin, Greek)
Vessels containing the inner organs of the deceased, generally four, in the form of the sons of Horus (from Canopus, see above)

Cartonnage (French)
Expression used by Egyptologists for the masks and coffins made of cardboard like materials.

Cartouche (French)
The name of a pharaoh in hieroglyphs surrounded by an oval band denoting eternity

Chadouf (Arabic)
see Shadouf

Chafre, Chefren
see Khafre

Chamudi
see Khamudi

Cheops
see Khufu

Choachyte
Greek for Egyptian wAH mw, lit. Dispenser of water, Priest in charge of the cult of the dead who, for a fee, carried out the role of undertaker

Chons
see Khons

Chthonic (Greek)
from the earth. Chthonic deities: Sepa, Heqet etc

Cippus (Latin)
Pointed rectangular pillar, in Egyptology: Amulet or stela showing Horus triumphing over dangerous beasts

Coffin Texts
Magical writings written on coffins since the FIP.

Corbel (from Latin)
Projection jutting out from wall, supporting structure above it. Used to make false arches

Corvée (French)
Tax in the form of labour

Darius
2 Persian kings and Egyptian pharaohs (27th dynasty)

Decans (from Latin decem, ten)
36 star constellations, each rising above the horizon at sunrise during ten days every year, used by the ancient Egyptian calendar

Demotic (Greek)
the last stage of development of the ancient Egyptian script

Demurrage
Charge paid by the depositors of grain in the state granaries, see credit

Dendarah
Site of Hathor's main temple

Dionysos
Greek god, identified with Osiris

Djahi
Ill defined coastal region in Canaan

Djed pillar
Hieroglyph often carried as an amulet, linked to the Osiris myth

Djet (Dt)
Eternity, continuous and linear as opposed to neheh

Djoser
Old Kingdom pharaoh, 3rd dynasty

Drachma
Greek monetary unit, divided into 6 obols. The standard coin in use was the silver tetradrachma worth four drachmas.

Early dynastic
Historic period, 3050 to 2600 BCE, also called Naqada IIIA1 to IIIC1

Echnaton
see Akhenaten

El Amarna
Capital of Egypt under Akhenaten, 18th dynasty

Electrum (from Greek)
A gold and silver alloy, used for covering the tips of obelisks

Encaustic (from Greek)
paint based on wax

Execration texts
Texts containing curses against (state) enemies, cf. Execration rituals

Eye of Re
See Hathor

False door
symbolic door for the ka, painted or carved on a tomb wall

FIP
First Intermediate Period

Geb
Earth god

Gebal
see Byblos

Gesso (Italian)
Mixture of plaster of Paris and glue, used as a kind of putty

God's Father
Priest of intermediate rank.

God's Land
Term used for some foreign, generally wooded regions: Punt in the south, but also regions in Syria etc.

Griffin
Chimaera with a lion's body and a falcon's head, since the OK symbol of the victorious ruler

Hah
Personification of eternity, props up the heavens