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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

pupillary distance
The distance between the centre of each pupil; the major reference points in measuring for fitting of spectacle frames and lenses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pupillary functions, abnormal
Conditions in which the pupil does not react normally to dilation and constriction. Signs of pupillary abnormalities originate from the pupil's shape, position, and response to stimulation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pupillary light-near dissociation
A stronger near pupil response than light response; due to weak pupillomotor input, Argyll Robertson pupil, dorsal midbrain syndrome, or to misdirection of ciliary muscle fibres into the iris sphincter. ... Synonym: light-near dissociation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pupillary margin of iris
Synonym for pupillary border of iris ... The inner border of the iris that forms the edge of the pupil. ... Synonym: margo pupillaris iridis, pupillary margin of iris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pupillary membrane
Remnants of the central portion of the anterior layer of the iris stroma (the iridopupillary lamina) which occludes the pupil in foetal life, and normally atrophies about the seventh month of gestation. Persistent strands usually stretch across the pupil from one iris collarette to the other, without touching the pupillary margin. Failure to regres …

pupillary reflex
Change in diameter of the pupil as a reflex response to any type of stimulus; e.g., constriction caused by light. ... Synonym: light reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pupillary ruff
The dark-brown, wrinkled rim of the normal pupil. This is the posterior pigment epithelium of the iris showing itself at the pupillary margin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pupillary zone
The central region of the anterior surface of the iris located between the collarette and the pupillary margin. ... Synonym: zona pupillaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pupillary-skin reflex
Dilation of the pupil following scratching of the skin of the neck. ... Synonym: ciliospinal reflex, cutaneous pupil reflex, cutaneous-pupillary reflex, skin-pupillary reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pupillo-
The pupils. ... Origin: L. Pupilla, pupil ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pupillography
The recording of pupillary reactions. ... Origin: pupillo-+ G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pupillometry
Measurement of the pupil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pupillomotor
Relating to the autonomic nerve fibres that supply the smooth muscle of the iris. ... Synonym: iridomotor. ... Origin: pupillo-+ L. Motor, mover ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pupillostatometer
An instrument for measuring the distance between the centres of the pupils. ... Origin: pupillo-+ G. Statos, placed, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pupillotonic pseudotabes
Synonym for Adie syndrome ... <syndrome> A condition manifested by usually one tonic pupil with absent tendon reflexes. ... An idiopathic postganglionic denervation of the parasympathetically innervated intraocular muscles, usually complicated by signs of aberrant regeneration of these nerves: a weak light reaction with segmental palsy of iris …

puppet
1. A small image in the human form; a doll. ... 2. A similar figure moved by the hand or by a wire in a mock drama; a marionette; a wooden actor in a play. 'At the pipes of some carved organ move, The gilded puppets dance.' (Pope) ... 3. One controlled in his action by the will of another; a tool; so used in contempt. ... 4. <machinery> The upri …

PUPPP
Acronym for pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy, an intensely pruritic, occasionally vesicular, eruption of the trunk and arms appearing in the third trimester of pregnancy; spontaneous involution occurs within 10 days of term. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

puppy
Origin: F. Poupee doll, puppet. See Puppet, and cf. Pup. ... 1. <zoology> The young of a canine animal, especially. Of the common dog; a whelp. ... 2. A name of contemptuous reproach for a conceited and impertinent person. 'I found my place taken by an ill-bred, awkward puppy with a money bag under each arm.' (Addison) ... Source: Websters Dicti …

Pur
<abbreviation> Purine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purchase
1. To pursue and obtain; to acquire by seeking; to gain, obtain, or acquire. 'That loves the thing he can not purchase.' (Spenser) 'Your accent is Something finer than you could purchase in so removed a dwelling.' (Shak) 'His faults . . . Hereditary Rather than purchased.' (Shak) ... 2. To obtain by paying money or its equivalent; to buy for a price …

purchasing, hospital
Hospital department responsible for the purchasing of supplies and equipment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pure
1. Separate from all heterogeneous or extraneous matter; free from mixture or combination; clean; mere; simple; unmixed; as, pure water; pure clay; pure air; pure compassion. 'The pure fetters on his shins great.' (Chaucer) 'A guinea is pure gold if it has in it no alloy.' (I. Watts) ... 2. Free from moral defilement or quilt; hence, innocent; guile …

pure absence
Synonym for simple absence ... A brief clouding of consciousness accompanied by the abrupt onset of 3/sec spikes and waves on EEG. ... Synonym: pure absence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pure aphasias
Rare aphasias affecting only one type of communication, e.g., reading, while related communication forms such as writing, auditory comprehension, etc. Remain intact. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pure colour
A visual sensation produced by light of a specific wavelength. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pure culture
<cell culture, microbiology> A culture containing a single kind of microorganism. ... (15 Dec 1997) ...

pure flutter
Consistent registration of atrial flutter waves unmixed with other signals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pure random drift
That which has random components only with an average value of zero and no systematic effects. Brownian movement in a still container shows pure random drift but in the Mississippi shows a steady downstream tendency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pure red cell anaemia
Synonym for congenital hypoplastic anaemia ... Congenital nonregenerative, familial hypoplastic, or pure red cell anaemia; erythrogenesis imperfecta; Diamond-Blackfan syndrome; autosomal recessive normocytic normochromic anaemia resulting from congenital hypoplasia of the bone marrow, which is grossly deficient in erythroid precursors while other el …

pure red cell aplasia
A transitory arrest of red blood cell production which may occur in the course of a haemolytic anaemia, often preceded by infection, or as a complication of certain drugs; if the arrest persists anaemia may result. ... See: congenital hypoplastic anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pure tone audiogram
A chart of the threshold for hearing acuity at various frequencies usually expressed in decibels above normal threshold and usually covering frequencies from 128 to 8000 Hz. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pure-tone audiometer
An electroacoustical generator which produces pure tones of selected frequencies and calibrated output. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pure-tone audiometry
Audiometry utilizing tones of various frequencies and intensities as auditory stimuli to measure hearing, including comparisons of results from testing air conduction and bone conduction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purebred
An animal whose ancestors on both sides have been members of a recognised breed, and usually officially registered as such. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purgation
Evacuation of the bowels with the aid of a purgative or cathartic. ... Synonym: catharsis. ... Origin: L. Purgatio ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purgative
1. <pharmacology> Cathartic, causing evacuation of the bowels. ... 2. A cathartic, particularly one that stimulates peristaltic action. ... Origin: L. Purgativus ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

purgatory
A state or place of purification after death; according to the Roman Catholic creed, a place, or a state believed to exist after death, in which the souls of persons are purified by expiating such offenses committed in this life as do not merit eternal damnation, or in which they fully satisfy the justice of God for sins that have been forgiven. Af …

purge
1. To cleanse, clear, or purify by separating and carrying off whatever is impure, heterogeneous, foreign, or superfluous. 'Till fire purge all things new.' ... 2. <medicine> To operate on as, or by means of, a cathartic medicine, or in a similar manner. ... 3. To clarify; to defecate, as liquors. ... 4. To clear of sediment, as a boiler, or of …

purging
<haematology, procedure> Process by which certain types of cells are removed from bone marrow prior to infusion into the patient. In autologous transplantation, marrow may be purged to remove lingering cancerous cells. In allogeneic transplantation, the donor bone marrow may be purged to remove cells that cause graft-versus-host disease. ... ( …

purging cassia
Synonym for cassia fistula ... The dried ripe fruit of Cassia fistula, used as a laxative. ... Synonym: purging cassia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purification
<chemistry> A central part of downstream processing. Large-scale purification methods are used to take a crude fermentation supernatant or cell homogenate and isolate the product from it in a fairly pure form. ... (14 Dec 1997) ...

purified cotton
Absorbent cotton in which the hairs of the seed of varieties of Gossypium and other allied species are freed from adhering impurities, deprived of fatty matter, bleached, and sterilised; used for tampons, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purified ozokerite
Synonym for ceresin ... A natural mixture of hydrocarbons of high molecular weight; a substitute for beeswax, also used in dentistry for impressions. ... Synonym: cerin, cerosin, earth wax, mineral wax, purified ozokerite. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purified placental protein
human placental lactogen ...

purified water
Water obtained by distillation or deionization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purify
1. To make pure or clear from material defilement, admixture, or imperfection; to free from extraneous or noxious matter; as, to purify liquors or metals; to purify the blood; to purify the air. ... 2. Hence, in figurative uses: To free from guilt or moral defilement; as, to purify the heart. 'And fit them so Purified to receive him pure.' (Milton)< …

purinaemia
The presence of purine or xanthine bases in the circulating blood. ... Origin: purine + G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purine
<biochemistry, molecular biology> A heterocyclic compound with a fused pyrimidine/imidazole ring. Planar and aromatic in character. The parent compound for the purine bases of nucleic acids. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

purine 5'-nucleotidase
<enzyme> Associated with some immunologic deficiency diseases ... Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

purine base
A purine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purine imidazole-ring cyclase
<enzyme> Recyclises ring-opened purine formamidopyrimidines in irradiated DNA, restoring the c-8 to n-9 band, does not require ATP ... Registry number: EC 6.3.3.- ... Synonym: purir cyclase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

purine permease
<chemical> Enzyme in transport system of purines in yeast pichia guillermondii ... Chemical name: permease, purine ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

purine phosphoribosyltransferase
<enzyme> Specific purine phosphoribosyltransferases are EC 2.4.2.7 and 2.4.2.8. ... Registry number: EC 2.4.2.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

purine ribonucleoside
Synonym for nebularine ... A toxic nucleoside isolated from the mushroom Agaricus nebularis and from Streptomyces sp. ... Synonym: 9-beta-ribofuranosylpurine, purine ribonucleoside, ribosylpurine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purine-free diet
Synonym for gout diet ... A diet containing a minimal quantity of purine bases (meats); liver, kidney, and sweetbread especially are excluded and replaced by dairy products, fruits, and cereals; alcoholic beverages also are excluded. ... Synonym: purine-free diet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purine-nucleoside phosphorylase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reaction between a purine nucleoside and orthophosphate to form a free purine plus ribose-5-phosphate. ... Chemical name: Purine-nucleoside:orthophosphate ribosyltransferase ... Registry number: EC 2.4.2.1 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

purine-restricted diet
See: gout diet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purinergic receptor
<biochemistry> Receptors that use purine nucleotides (e.g. ATP) as ligands. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

purines
A series of heterocyclic compounds that are variously substituted in nature and are known also as purine bases. They include adenine and guanine, constituents of nucleic acids, as well as many alkaloids such as caffeine and theophylline. Uric acid is the metabolic end product of purine metabolism. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

purity
The condition of being pure. Specifically: ... Freedom from foreign admixture or deleterious matter; as, the purity of water, of wine, of drugs, of metals. ... Cleanness; freedom from foulness or dirt. 'The purity of a linen vesture.' . ... Freedom from guilt or the defilement of sin; innocence; chastity; as, purity of heart or of life. ... Freedom fro …

Purkinje cell
<neurology, pathology> A class of output neurons in the cerebellum, which are the only neurons that convey signals away from the cerebellum. They form a layer of large ganglion cells near the surface of the cerebellum. ... Origin: From J. E. Purkinje, their discoverer. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Purkinje conduction
<neurology, physiology> Conduction of the cardiac impulse through the Purkinje system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Purkinje effect
Synonym for Purkinje's phenomenon ... <ophthalmology> In the light-adapted eye, the region of maximal brightness is in the yellow; in the dark-adapted eye, the region of maximal brightness is in the green. ... Synonym: Purkinje effect, Purkinje shift. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Purkinje fibre
<cardiology, pathology> A group of specialised cardiac muscle cells that conduct electrical impulses through the heart and are involved in regulating the heart beat. ... The fibres form the terminal portion of the heart conduction system and have central granulated protoplasm containing one or two nuclei and a transversely striated peripheral …

Purkinje images
Synonym for Purkinje-Sanson images ... <ophthalmology, physiology> The two images formed by the anterior and posterior surfaces of the cornea and the two images formed by the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lens. ... Synonym: catatropic image, Purkinje images, Sanson's images. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Purkinje shift
Synonym for Purkinje's phenomenon ... <ophthalmology> In the light-adapted eye, the region of maximal brightness is in the yellow; in the dark-adapted eye, the region of maximal brightness is in the green. ... Synonym: Purkinje effect, Purkinje shift. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Purkinje system
<cardiology, physiology> Terminal ramifications in the ventricles of the specialised conducting system of the heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Purkinje-Sanson images
<ophthalmology, physiology> The two images formed by the anterior and posterior surfaces of the cornea and the two images formed by the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lens. ... Synonym: catatropic image, Purkinje images, Sanson's images. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Purkinje, Johannes von
<person> Bohemian anatomist and physiologist, 1787-1869. ... See: Purkinje conduction, Purkinje images, Purkinje shift, Purkinje system, Purkinje cell, Purkinje's corpuscle, Purkinje's fibres, Purkinje's figures, Purkinje's layer, Purkinje's network, Purkinje's phenomenon, Purkinje-Sanson images. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Purkinje's cells
Synonym for Purkinje cell ... <neurology, pathology> A class of output neurons in the cerebellum, which are the only neurons that convey signals away from the cerebellum. They form a layer of large ganglion cells near the surface of the cerebellum. ... Origin: From J. E. Purkinje, their discoverer. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Purkinje's corpuscle
Synonym for Purkinje cell ... <neurology, pathology> A class of output neurons in the cerebellum, which are the only neurons that convey signals away from the cerebellum. They form a layer of large ganglion cells near the surface of the cerebellum. ... Origin: From J. E. Purkinje, their discoverer. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Purkinje's fibres
Synonym for Purkinje fibre ... <cardiology, pathology> A group of specialised cardiac muscle cells that conduct electrical impulses through the heart and are involved in regulating the heart beat. ... The fibres form the terminal portion of the heart conduction system and have central granulated protoplasm containing one or two nuclei and a tra …

Purkinje's figures
<ophthalmology> Shadows of the retinal vessels, seen as dark lines on a reddish field when a light enters the eye through the sclera and not the pupil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Purkinje's layer
Synonym for piriform neuron layer ... The layer of Purkinje cells between the molecular and granular layers of the cerebellar cortex. ... Synonym: stratum neuronorum piriformium, ganglionic layer of cerebellar cortex, layer of piriform neurons, Purkinje's layer, stratum gangliosum cerebelli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Purkinje's network
<cardiology, physiology> The network formed by Purkinje's fibres beneath the endocardium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Purkinje's phenomenon
<ophthalmology> In the light-adapted eye, the region of maximal brightness is in the yellow; in the dark-adapted eye, the region of maximal brightness is in the green. ... Synonym: Purkinje effect, Purkinje shift. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purl
1. To run swiftly round, as a small stream flowing among stones or other obstructions; to eddy; also, to make a murmuring sound, as water does in running over or through obstructions. 'Swift o'er the rolling pebbles, down the hills, Louder and louder purl the falling rills.' (Pope) ... 2. [Perh. Fr. F. Perler to pearl, to bead. See Pearl] To rise in …

purlieu
1. Originally, the ground near a royal forest, which, having been unlawfully added to the forest, was afterwards severed from it, and disafforested so as to remit to the former owners their rights. 'Then as a tiger, who by chance hath spied In some purlieu two gentle fawns at play.' (Milton) ... 2. Hence, the outer portion of any place; an adjacent …

Purmann, Matthaeus
<person> German surgeon, 1648-1721. ... See: Purmann's method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Purmann's method
Treatment of aneurysm by extirpation of the sac. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

puromucous
Synonym: mucopurulent. ... Origin: L. Pus (pur-), pus, + mucus, mucus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

puromycin
<drug> An antibiotic that acts as an aminoacyl tRNA analogue. Binds to the A site on the ribosome, forms a peptide linkage with the growing chain and then causes premature termination. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

puromycin aminonucleoside
<chemical> Puromycin derivative that lacks the methoxyphenylalanyl group on the amine of the sugar ring. It is an antibiotic with antineoplastic properties and can cause nephrosis. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, antineoplastic, antimetabolites, antineoplastic. ... Chemical name: Adenosine, 3'-amino-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyl- ... (12 Dec 19 …

PURPA
See Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

purple
To make purple; to dye of purple or deep red colour; as, hands purpled with blood. 'When morn Purples the east.' (Milton) 'Reclining soft in blissful bowers, Purpled sweet with springing flowers.' (Fenton) ... Origin: OE. Purpre, pourpre, OF. Purpre, porpre, pourpre, F. Pourpre, L. Purpura purple fish, purple dye, fr. Gr. The purple fish, a shell fr …

purple acid phosphatase
<enzyme> 110-kD glycoprotein with fe(iii)-zn(ii) centre; isolated from the red kidney bean phaseolus vulgaris; genbank p80366 ... Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- ... Synonym: tartrate-resistant purple acid phosphatase, fe(iii)-zn(ii) purple acid phosphatase, kbpase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

purple membrane
<cell biology> Plasma membrane of Halobacterium and Halococcus, that contains a protein bound carotenoid pigment that absorbs light and uses the energy to translocate protons from the cytoplasm to the exterior. The proton gradient then provides energy for ATP synthesis. The binding protein is called bacteriorhodopsin or purple membrane protei …

purple sulphur bacteria
<microbiology> A group of phototrophic prokaryotes containing bacteriochlorophylls a or b and characterised by the ability to oxidize hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and store elemental sulphur inside the cells. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

purpura
<clinical sign, dermatology> A small haemorrhage (up to about 1 cm in diameter) in the skin, mucous membrane or serosal surface, which may be caused by various factors, including blood disorders, vascular abnormalities and trauma. ... Purpuric lesions may be associated with inflammation, in which case they present as papular purpura or the hae …

purpura angioneurotica
An eruption marked by angioneurotic oedema, petechiae, and hyperesthesia of the skin and gastric mucous membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purpura annularis telangiectodes
Asymptomatic annular lesions, principally of the lower extremities of adolescent males, in which the peripheral portion is composed of purpura or petechiae with brawny staining of haemosiderin deposits and minute telangiectasia. ... Synonym: Majocchi's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purpura fulminans
A severe and rapidly fatal form of purpura haemorrhagica, occurring especially in children, with hypotension, fever, and disseminated intravascular coagulation, usually following an infectious illness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purpura haemorrhagica
Synonym for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ... idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura ...

purpura iodica
Iodic purpura, an eruption of discrete miliary petechiae, usually confined to the lower extremities, appearing in rare instances on administration of any of the iodides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purpura nervosa
Synonym for Henoch-Schonlein purpura ... <dermatology> This relatively rare disorder is characterised by skin purpura, joint pains, abdominal pain and renal disease (glomerulonephritis). ... Although Henoch-Schonlein purpura or anaphylactoid purpura, is thought to be a immune complex mediated disease, its exact cause is unknown. Its typical ben …

purpura pulicans
Purpura pulicosa, petechiae caused by the bites of insects and animal parasites. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purpura rheumatica
Synonym for Henoch-Schonlein purpura ... <dermatology> This relatively rare disorder is characterised by skin purpura, joint pains, abdominal pain and renal disease (glomerulonephritis). ... Although Henoch-Schonlein purpura or anaphylactoid purpura, is thought to be a immune complex mediated disease, its exact cause is unknown. Its typical ben …

purpura senilis
The occurrence of petechiae and ecchymoses on the atrophic skin of the legs in aged and debilitated subjects. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purpura simplex
The eruption of petechiae or larger ecchymoses, usually unaccompanied by constitutional symptoms and not associated with systemic illness. ... Synonym: nonthrombocytopenic purpura. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

purpura symptomatica
A petechial eruption in scarlet fever and other exanthemas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...