Copy of `Fish Online - Glossary of marine conservation`

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Fish Online - Glossary of marine conservation Category: Animals and Nature > Fishing Date & country: 11/12/2007, UK Words: 115

Spawning stock
mature part of a stock responsible for reproduction.

Spawning Stock Biomass (SSB)
the total weight of all sexually mature fish in a population.

Static
or fixed gears refers to fishing gears that are fixed to or on the seabed e.g pots, traps or nets. These types of gears are passive as opposed to mobile gears, e.g. trawl nets, which are referred to as active gears.

Stock
term given to a group of individuals or populations in a species occupying a well-defined spatial range independent of other stocks of the same species. A stock will form the basis of a distinct fishery defined management unit in terms of season and area.

Stocking density
Usually expressed at the weight of fish per volume of water, for example 15kg/m3.

Straddling stocks
fish stocks that migrate through more than one Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).

Sweep
the rope (usually wire) between the otter board and trawl net.

Tangle net
a type of bottom set gill net used to capture flatfish, crustaceans and other species.

Target species
species or assemblage of species which are primarily sought in a fishery.

Teleost
fish with a bony skeleton as opposed to cartilaginous fish (elasmobranchs).

Total Allowable Catch (TAC)
maximum tonnage, set each year, that may be taken of a fish species within an area.

Trophic
pertaining to levels in a food chain

Turtle Excluding Device (TED)
turtles can be excluded from trawl nets by fitting solid grids of various kinds into the net. The TED consists of a metal frame, or hinged door system, which deflects turtles out of a webbing flap or 'trap door' in the bottom of the net. The target species, usually shrimp or prawn, pass through the grid into the cod-end.

World Conservation Union (IUCN)
founded in 1948. Every 4 years IUCN publishes a 'Red List' - an inventory of the current global status of plant and animal species - to raise awareness of species threatened with extinction and promote their conservation. Of the total number (284) of marine fish assessed by IUCN, 57% are assessed as threatened i.e. Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable. For more information see www.iucn.org

Zooplankton
the animal component of plankton; animals suspended or drifting in the water column including larvae of many fish and benthic invertebrates.