Copy of `AllChemicals.info - Chemical glossary`

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AllChemicals.info - Chemical glossary Category: Sciences > Chemical Date & country: 10/12/2007, UK Words: 611

xylic acid
any of six colorless, crystalline, isomeric acids having the formula C₉H10O₂, derived from xylene.

xylidine
any of six isomeric compounds that have the formula C₈H₁₁N, are derivatives of xylene, and resemble aniline: used in dye manufacture.

xylose
a colorless, crystalline pentose sugar, C₅H₁₀O₅, derived from xylan, straw, corncobs, etc., by treating with heated dilute sulfuric acid, and dehydrating to furfural if stronger acid is used.

yield
The quantity of product formed by the interaction of two or more substances, generally expressed as a percentage of the quantity obtained to that theoretically obtainable.

ytterbia
a colorless compound, Yb₂O₃, used in certain alloys and ceramics.

ytterbium
a rare metallic element found in gadolinite and forming compounds resembling those of yttrium. Symbol: Yb, at. wt.: 173.04, at. no.: 70, sp. gr.: 6.96. Cf.'rare-earth element.'

yttria
a white, water-insoluble powder, Y₂O₃, used chiefly in incandescent gas and acetylene mantles.

yttrium
a rare trivalent metallic element, found in gadolinite and other minerals. Symbol: Y, at. wt.: 88.905, at. no.: 39, sp. gr.: 4.47. Cf.'rare-earth element.'

yttrium metal
any of a subgroup of rare-earth elements, of which the cerium and terbium metals comprise the other two subgroups.

Zinc
Discovered: known in India and China before 1500 and to the Greeks and Romans before 20 BC as the copper-zinc alloy brassOrigin: The name is derived from the German ‘Zink`.Atomic no: 30Mass No: 65Description: A grey metal with a blue tinge. World production exceeds 7 million tons a year, and it is used to galvanise iron to prevent it rusting. It is…

Zone Refining
A method of purifying a bar of metal by passing it through an induction heater, this causes impurties to move along a melted portion. This method applies the fact when a metal crystallizes on cooling, impurities are automatically expelled as they do not form part of the crystal.