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Isomatic - Engineering terms Category: Electronics and Engineering Date & country: 19/11/2007, UK Words: 171

Mark-up
The process of annotating an engineering drawing with comments or corrections. This may be done directly on a copy of the drawing or as an overlay on an image.

MCU (Multipoint Control Unit)
A device that links three or more locations for video conferencing.

Meta-data
Information about the data objects controlled by an EDM system, e.g. part number, quantity, description. Such data is usually defined and controlled from within the DBMS (the core element of the EDM system) via a database model or 'schema'.

Microfiche
A piece of microfilm (typically 105 by 148 mm) on which images are recorded in a grid-like fashion and reduced in size from the original.

Microfilm
A high resolution roll of film to record images reduced in size from the original.

Micrographics
The technology of capturing, storing and retrieving microfiche, aperture card or microfilm-based images.

Modem (MOdulator-DEModulator)
Device to enable transfer of digital data over analogue telephone lines at voice frequencies.

MPEG
Motion Picture Experts Group--a standard for coding moving television pictures and associated audio.

MPEG1
Standard for television transfer rates up to 1.5 Mbit/s (ISO 11172)

MPEG2
Standard for television transfer rates between 3 and 10 Mbit/s (ISO 13818)

MSN (Microsoft Network)
A proprietary international communications network with Internet access. At December 1998 was still using outdated UUencoding for outgoing E-mail.

NetMeeting
Microsoft video conferencing software.

NGI (Next Generation Internet)
Initiative that supports networking research, high speed test beds and experimentation with new multimedia applications to increase the Internet speed by 100 to 1000.

NIC (Network Interface Card)
A card that connects a computer to a network.

NSF (National Science Foundation)
One of the USA sponsors of NGI.

ODETTE
(Organisation for Data Exchange by TeleTransmission in Europe) Specification of approved standards and methodologies used by the European automotive industry.

OMG (Object Management Group)
An industry consortium whose aim is the promotion of awareness and standards in object technology.

ORB (Object Request Broker)
Program enabling applications to request and receive services from other applications within a distributed computing environment. See CORBA.

PDF(Portable Data Format)
Proprietary format widely used for the communication of word processed and other types of documents, developed by Adobe under the name ‘Acrobat`.

PDM (Product Data Management)
A technology and methodology used within an enterprise to organise, access, and control data related to its products and to manage the life cycle of those products.

PKzip
Proprietary (but free) software for compressing files without loss of data.

PNG (Portable Network Graphics)
Newer portable lossless well-compressed format for single images which provides a patent-free replacement for GIF (pronounced ‘ping`).

POP (Point of Presence)
Point where a user can access a service provider.

POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3)
Internet Society protocol used by most Internet Service Providers for incoming mail. ISPs that do not use it could be incompatible with mail clients incorporated in web browsers.

Postscript
Adobe Systems Inc. Graphical page layout language specification, including graphic and font functionality, primarily for laser print output devices.

POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service)
Public switched telephone network (see PSTN).

PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol)
Internet Society (IETF) specification RFC 1661 for dialling in to the Internet. Users can download the software, e.g. FreePPP, or use that supplied with the computer, which is likely to be hidden by a proprietary name.

Protocol
Rules defining format, sequence and control of communications.

Raster Format
Format for representing an image as a matrix/grid of pixels, i.e. a bitmap.

Raster Image
An image in raster format.

Raster to Vector Conversion
A computer application used to convert a raster image to a vector image. This is used primarily in connection with product drawings.

Red-line
Process of annotating an engineering drawing with comments or corrections; directly on a copy of the drawing or as an overlay on an image. See mark-up.

RFC 1421
Internet Society (IETF) specification for Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) applications. Includes Base64 encoding/decoding as used with MIME.

RFC 1661
Internet Society (IETF) specification for Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)

RFC 1866
Internet Society (IETF) specification for HTML version 2.

RFC 821
Internet Society (IETF) specification for SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) as used for E-mail via The Internet.

RFC 822
Internet Society (IETF) specification for ARPA Internet Text Messages.

RFC 959
Internet Society (IETF) specification for File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

RFCs 2045 to 2049
Internet Society (IETF) specification for MIME

Router
Hardware/software allowing networks with interoperable lower layers to be interconnected above the Network Layer. Unlike a bridge, which connects above the Data Link Layer, a router is not transparent and must be addressed.

RT (Remote Terminal)
The end of a communications link that is viewed as 'remote' from the centre. It is often synonymous with Customer Premises (CP).

RTF (Rich Text Format)
Microsoft intermediate format for exchanging files between word processing applications of different versions and from different vendors. Works well for text but produces very large files if graphics are included.

Server
A computer in a network supplying a specialised service to clients on the network. See Client-Server Model.

SQL (Structured Query Language)
The ANSI standard query language for relational database systems.

TELEX
Obsolete communications network for BAUDOT coded plain text. Replaced by FAX

TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)
Tag-based file format designed to promote the interchange of digital image data. Many variants led to the interpretation ‘Thousands of Incompatible File Formats`.

Token Passing Ring
A local area network with a physical topology whereby, in principle, each node is connected to the next and the last is connected back to the first. The logical order may be different from the physical order. Only one node, the token holder, can transmit at any one time and not all nodes need have that capability. See IEEE 802.5

Topology
The description of the physical layout of a computer network.

TyTime
Information Technology Hypermedia/Time-based Structure Language - SGML standard for representations of hyperlinks and time-based relations (ISO 10744)

UN-EDIFACT
(United Nations Electronic Data Interchange for Administration Commerce and Transport) A single international EDI standard comprising an extensive set of internationally agreed-upon standards, directories and guidelines. Their purpose is to facilitate the electronic interchange of structured data that relates, in particular, to trade in goods and s

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
A unique alias for a WWW page or FTP server address used by browsers. WWW URLs commence http:// (not necessarily followed by www) whereas FTP URLs commence ftp:// (for public access via a browser).

UU encoding - decoding
UU was the most popular form of 7-bit encoding/decoding but has been overtaken by the Internet standard MIME, which incorporates base64 encoding.

VAN (Value Added Network)
A proprietary network that distinguishes itself from a basic ISP by also providing news, forums etc. Such services have been surpassed by the World Wide Web.

VDA-IS or VDA-IGES
(Verband der Automobilindustrie - IGES Subsets) Subset of IGES, now used widely both in the UK and German car industries, which was developed after VDA-FS. The document reference is VDMA/VDA 66 319.

Virtual Product Modelling
The concept of building and managing the data, parts definition and product structure, without the production hard copy documents or physical prototypes.

WAN (Wide Area Network)
A network (such as the Internet) which extends beyond the limits of a local site or even a metropolitan area.

Web Browser
Client software which transmits requests for information to a Web Server and displays the returned information on the host platform.

Web TV
Internet access using television only for receiving, a normal telephone line providing the return path.

Wireless LAN
Wireless network limited to a local area such as a factory or industrial site.

Wireless Network
Network relying on radio or optical (e.g. infra red) signals for transmission of data.

WWW (World Wide Web)
The Internet HyperText facility for presenting multimedia (textual, image, audio and video) information via the Internet.

Xtranet
An intranet that allows external users to access specified areas of data often by password only.

G-Lite
The informal name for an early way of implementing ADSL. Also known as Universal or splitterless ADSL.

G5 messaging
proposed service for inter-company communications designed to integrate seamlessly with Fax, Internet E-mail, Intranet or LAN E-mail.

K56 (Rockwell)
Proprietary standard for 56 kbit/s modems.

N-ISDN (Narrowband ISDN)
Class of ISDN used for transmitting data via CATV networks.

V24
Standard for modems transmitting data at up to 33.6 kbit/s.

V42bis
Modem compression standard.

W3C (the WWW consortium)
Consortium formed to ensure harmonisation of World Wide Web standards.

X.400
The International standard for E-mail, used mainly by government departments and large corporations. Overtaken by the Internet but provides a far superior service.

X2
US Robotics proprietary standard for 56 kbit/s modems.