
a theory that relates natural language semantics to syntax. It adheres closely to the principle that the meaning of the whole is a combination of the parts, as well as the way in which they function with each other
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http://all-about-linguistics.group.shef.ac.uk/sample-page/glossary/

Montague grammar is an approach to natural language semantics, named after American logician Richard Montague. The Montague grammar is based on formal logic, especially higher order predicate logic and lambda calculus, and makes use of the notions of intensional logic, via Kripke models. Montague pioneered this approach in the 1960s and early 1970...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montague_grammar
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