Coulomb`s constant, the electric force constant, or the electrostatic constant (denoted {math|{{SubSup|k|e|s=0}}}) is a proportionality constant in equations relating electric variables and is exactly equal to {math|{{SubSup|k|e|s=0}}} = {gaps|8.987|551|787|368|176|4}{e|9} N·m2/C2 (m/F). It was named after the French physicist Charles-Augustin d....