The five substrates of this enzyme are ATP, L-2-aminohexanedioate, L-cysteine, L-valine, and H2O, whereas its three products are AMP, diphosphate, and N-[L-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine. ACVS is an example of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS). It participates in penicillin and cephalosporin biosyntheses. ...