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iSport - MMA glossary Category: Sport and Leisure > Mixed martial arts Date & country: 09/03/2016, USA Words: 44

Judge
An official who is in charge of scoring fights based on specifically determined criteria. There are usually several judges who sit on the panel for a specific fight.

Judges decision
The result of a fight that goes the entire duration of all rounds in regulation. Judges must designate one fighter as the winner of the bout by using a previously determined judging criteria and/or scoring system.

Hydration
The level of water in one’s body.

Guard
The position when a fighter is on his back with his opponent on top of him.

Guillotine choke
A type of choke applied to a fighter who is secured in the front headlock position. Here, his opponent uses his forearm to apply pressure upward to the fighter’s neck in order to force him to submit.

Half guard
A guard position where the fighter on the ground keeps or hooks one leg in between his opponent’s legs in order to control him.

Heavyweight
The weight class that contains the competitors heaviest in weight: 265 pounds/120 kilograms.

Ground and pound
A strategy where fighters take their opponents down and inflict damage from the top position with strikes.

Grappling
A general term used to describe the combination of wrestling and jiu-jitsu techniques or maneuvers. Grappling typically involves techniques that involve leverage and positioning with no striking involved.

Greco-Roman wrestling
A traditional style of wrestling popular around the world. Rules allow only upper-body attacks.

Full guard
The position when a fighter is flat on his back with his legs tightly wrapped around his opponent’s midsection with his legs or feet locked.

GNP
An abbreviation for `ground and pound.” See Ground and pound.

Full mount
A position in grappling where a fighter is straddling his opponent’s torso with both legs on either side of his body. This is the most dominant position in grappling.

Flyweight
The weight class that contains fighters with a maximum weight of 125 pounds/57 kilograms.

Featherweight
The weight class that contains fighters with a maximum weight of 145 pounds/66 kilograms.

Fight team
The group of individuals that a fighter trains with

Fish hooking
The act of inserting fingers into an opponent’s mouth or nostrils. This is illegal in mixed martial arts.

Dehydration
The depletion of water from the body.

Dirty boxing
The term used to describe striking an opponent from the clinch. The term was coined because it is illegal for boxers to strike one another when tied up.

Disqualification
The elimination of a competitor in a fight due to a violation of a specific rule.

Double-leg takedown
A wrestling technique in which a fighter uses both arms to engage his opponent’s legs in order to take him to the mat.

Draw
The result of a fight that is tied by the judge’s score and does not have a decisive winner.

Cut
This term has two meanings in mixed martial arts:

Clinch
The term used to describe the grappling position of fighters while they are standing. One or both fighters will use their arms in order to control their opponent. Both grappling and striking techniques may be utilized out of the clinch.

Control
The term used to describe the fighter who is in a position to maintain power over his opponent.

Cut man
The member of fighter’s team who takes care of cuts, nose bleeds, and contusions in between rounds.

Cage
An enclosed area where fights take place. Cages are often chain-linked and covered with some type of plastic coating to help protect the fighters.

Championship rounds
This term is used to describe the fourth and fifth rounds of a fight to decide a title or championship; a non-title fight is typically only three rounds.

Chain fighting
A series of techniques performed with each separate movement setting up the next technique or hold.

Cardio equipment
A piece of equipment that has a sole purpose of improving the body’s circulatory and respiratory systems.

Camp
A group of individuals, or several different groups of individuals, who help prepare a fighter for an upcoming bout. Fighters may travel to several locations as a part of a camp, or bring fighters and coaches from other teams into their gyms to help train for an upcoming fight.

Brazilian jiu-jitsu
A martial art developed by the Gracie family that uses the fundamentals of traditional jiu-jitsu and judo. Brazilian jiu-jitsu emphasizes grappling and submission techniques with little to no emphasis on offensive striking.

Catch weight
This refers to a weight between two weight classes that fighters agree upon prior to an upcoming bout. Catch weights usually come into play when fighters primarily fight in two different weight classes.

Carbohydrate
An organic compound that is a major energy source for the human body.

Base
The term used to describe a strong and stable position.

Bantamweight
The weight class that contains fighters with a maximum weight of 135 pounds/61 kilograms.

Belt
This can refer to one of two things:

Body fat
Loose connective tissue that is composed of specialized cells that store energy in the form of fat.

Bout
Also known simply as a `fight,” this is a competition between two fighters.

Arm lock
A technique that requires the control of an opponent’s arm in order to manipulate the shoulder or elbow to force the opponent to submit.

Arm bar
A technique that requires the control of an opponent’s arm in order to manipulate the elbow to force the opponent to submit.

Athletic commission
An organization authorized under law to regulate professional mixed martial arts matches and other sports events. Each individual state in the United States has its own athletic commission.

Ankle lock
A technique that requires the control of an opponent’s leg/ankle in order to manipulate the ankle to force the opponent to submit.

Academy
A place where fighters train. This term is typically associated with places where Brazilian jiu-jitsu is practiced.