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Superglossary - Radar Category: Military and Defence > RADAR Date & country: 09/12/2013, USA Words: 200

Absorption
The process, in which incident radiated energy is retained by the medium without being reflected or

Aerial
Antenna.

Afterglow
The slowly decaying luminescence of the screen of the cathode-ray tube after excitation by an electr

Airborne Radar
An airborne radar is carried by an aircraft.

Airport Radar
Airport radar provides information to air traffic controllers on aircraft in the local air space.

Amplify
To increase the strength of a radar signal or echo.

Antenna
A conductor or system of conductors consist

Anti-Clutter Control
A means for reducing or eliminating interferences from sea return and weather.

Anti-Clutter Rain Control
An electronic circuit that suppresses the reflected radar energy from rain and other forms of precip

Anti-Clutter Sea Control
An electronic circuit that suppresses clutter caused by the reflection of echoes from waves in a sea

Anti-Radiation Missile (ARM)
An anti-radiation missile is able to guide itself to destroy a radar using the signal transmitted by

Attenuation
The decrease in the strength of a radar wave resulting from absorption, scattering, and reflection b

Automatic Frequency Control (AFC)
An electronic means for preventing drift in radio frequency or maintaining the frequency within spec

Azimuth
While this term is frequently used for bearing in radar applications, the term azimuth is usually re

Barrage Jamming
Barrage jamming is used when there is a need to jam over a wide bandwidth simultaneously. Barrage ja

Beam Width
The angular width of a radar beam between half-power points. See lobe.

Beam Width
The horizontal and vertical angular measure of the main lobe of the transmitted radar pulse. (see ho

Bearing
The direction of the line of sight from the radar antenna to the contact. Sometimes called azimuth a

Bearing Cursor
The radial line inscribed on a transparent disk which can be rotated manually about an axis coincide

Bistatic Radar
A bistatic radar system uses different antennas for transmission and reception.

Blind Range
Targets falling within the blind range range from the radar system are not detected.

Blind Sector
A sector on the radarscope in which radar echoes cannot be received because of an obstruction near t

Brilliance Control
Adjusts the intensity or brightness of the screen.

Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT)
The radarscope (picture tube) within which a stream of electrons is directed against a fluorescent s

Chaff
Chaff refers to large quantities of passive reflecting material deployed in the atmosphere to counte

Clear-Air Echos
Radar returns from cloud- and precipitation-free (optical clear) air. Clear-air echos are caused by

Clutter
Unwanted radar echoes ret1ected from heavy rain, snow, waves, etc., which may obscure relatively lar

Contact
Any echo detected on the radarscope not evaluated as clutter or as a false echo.

Continuous Wave Radar (CW Radar)
Continuous wave (cw) radar continually transmits energy in the direction of the target and receives

Contrast
The difference in intensity of illumination of the radarscope between radar images and the backgroun

Cross-Band Racon
A racon which transmits at a frequency not within the marine radar frequency band. To be able to use

Crystal
A crystalline substance which allows electric current t to pass in only one direction.

Definition
The clarity and fidelity of the detail of radar images on the radarscope. A combination of good reso

Depolarisation Ratio (LDR)
Ratio between the reflectivity received at vertical polarisation, but transmitted with horizontal po

Differential Reflectivity (ZDR)
Ratio between the reflectivity of a horizontal polarised pulse and the reflectivity of a vertical po

Diffraction
The bending of a wave as it passes an obstruction. Because of diffraction, there is some illuminatio

Directional Antenna
An antenna that transmits or receives signals only in a narrow angle. Decatur offers police radar w/

Doppler Blind Speed
Doppler blind speed is a major weakness of moving target indicator (mti) radar. Each time the dopple

Doppler Radar
A radar that detects and interprets the doppler effect in terms of the radial velocity of a target.

Doppler Velocity (V)
Reflectivity-weighted average velocity of targets in the pulse volume. Determined by phase measureme

Double Stabilization
The stabilization of a heading upward ppi display to north. The cathode-ray tube with the ppi displa

Duct
A layer within the atmosphere where refraction and reflection results in the trapping of radar waves

Echo
The radar signal reflected back to the antenna by an object

Echo Box
A cavity, resonant at the transmitted frequency, which produces an artificial radar target signal fo

Echo Box Performance Monitor
An accessory which is used for tuning the radar receiver and checking overall performance by visual

Electronic Attack (EA)
Electronic attack (ea), previously known as electronic counter measures (ecm), is conducted on radar

Electronic Bearing Line (EBL)
An EBL control is used to display the relative or true bearing of a target on the display. The ebl i

Electronic Protection (EP)
Electronic protection (ep) aims to ensure continued friendly use of the electromagnetic spectrum des

Electronic Support (ES)
Electronic support aims to gain sufficient information about radar sensors to allow an understanding

Electronic Warfare (EW)
Electronic warfare (ew) describes techniques that exploit an adversary's use of the electromagnetic

Elevation
The minimum angular separation in a vertical plan between two contacts at the same range and bearing

Face
The viewing surface (ppi) of a cathode-ray tube. The inner surface of the face is coated with a fluo

Fast Speed Tracking
Track both the strongest and the next faster vehicle at the same time, both in the moving and statio

Fast Time Constant (FTC)
With ftc in operation, only the leading edge of an echo of a long-time duration is displayed on the

Fast Time Constant (FTC) Circuit
An electronic circuit designed to reduce the undesirable effects of clutter. With the ftc circuit in

Fluorescence
Emission of light or other radiant energy as a result of and only during absorption of radiation fro

Frequency Agility
Frequency agility refers to the radar's ability to rapidly change its operating frequency in a pseud

Frequency Diversity
Frequency diversity refers to the use of complementary radar transmissions or multiple radar systems

Gain (RCVR) Control
A control used to increase or decrease the sensitivity of the receiver (rcvr). This control, analogo

Gain Control
Is used to adjust the sensitivity of the receiver and thereby regulating the intensity of the return

Ghost Effect
Sometimes when a radar signal hits a valid target, clutter may originate from multipath echoes creat

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)
Ground penetrating radar uses radar principles to image, locate and quantitatively identify changes

Ground Radar
Ground radar is used to observe targets either on the surface of the earth, or airborne targets.

Guard Zone
An adjustable zone around the vessel set by the guard control. Once a guard zone is set, any target

Half-Power Point
The region of the radar beam where the signal strength drops to 1/2 of that strength measured at the

Heading Flash
An illuminated radial line on the ppi for indicating own ship's heading on the bearing dial. Also ca

Horizontal Beam Width
The beam width of the radar pulse measured in the horizontal plane. The size of which determines the

Identification Friend Or Foe (IFF)
The identification friend or foe (iff) system is an example of a secondary radar system that is in w

In-Band Racon
A racon which transmits in the marine radar frequency band, e.g., the 3-centimeter band. The transmi

Intensity Control
A control for regulating the intensity of background illumination on the radarscope. Also called bri

Interference
Unwanted and confusing signals or patterns produced on the radarscope by another radar or transmitte

Interrogator
A radar transmitter which sends out a pulse that triggers a transponder. An interrogator is usually

Jammer
A jammer aims to degrade the operation of a radio receiver by transmitting a jamming signal that is

Kilohertz (Khz)
A frequency of one thousand cycles per second. See megahertz.

LASER
Laser is light, so this is not a microwave radar band. The laser radar guns operate in the infrared

Laser Radar (LIDAR)
Laser radar (lidar) is a radar that uses light in place of the radio-frequency signals used in conve

Lobe
Of the three-dimensional radiation pattern transmitted by a directional antenna, one of the portions

Marine Radar
Marine radar is used for prevention of collisions between ships and as an aid to navigation when a s

Maximum Detectable Range
The maximum range at which a target can be detected is determined by transmitted power, scanner heig

Maximum Unambiguous Range
The pulse-repetition frequency (prf) of a radar system determines the maximum operating range of the

Megacycle Per Second (Mc)
A frequency of one million cycles per second. The equivalent term MEGA

Megahertz
A frequency of one million cycles per second. See kilohertz.

Microsecond
One millionth of one second.

Microwaves
Commonly, very short radio waves having wave lengths of 1 millimeter to 30 centimeters. While the li

Minimum Detectable Range
The minimum range at which an object can be detected due to antenna height, vertical beam width and

Monostatic Radar
A monostatic radar system transmits and receives its energy through the same antenna system or throu

Moving Radar
Is radar that clocks vehicles while the patrol vehicle is moving. Typically, the targets are those a

Off Center PPI
Offsets the sweep from the center of the screen to a location on the edge of the ppi to permit bette

Offset EBL
An electronic bearing line that can be moved to any position on the screen.

Pacing
Means the patrol car matches the suspected violator's speed. This is done with a calibrated speedome

Paint
The bright area on the ppi resulting from the brightening of the sweep by the echoes. Also, the act

Persistence
A measure of the time of decay of the luminescence of the face of the cathode-ray tube after excitat

Phased Array Radar
A phased array radar uses an antenna that consists of an array of antenna elements along with signal

Phosphorescence
Emission of light without sensible heat, particularly as a result of but continuing after absorption

Plan Position Indicator (PPI)
The face or screen of a cathode-ray tube on which radar images appear in correct relation to each ot

Polarization
The orientation in space of the electrical axis of a radar wave. This electrical axis which is at ri

Primary Radar
Primary radar systems receive reflections of their own transmitted signals as returned signals from

Pulse
An extremely short burse of radar wave transmission followed by a relatively long period of no trans

Pulse Compression Radar
Pulse-compression radars make use of specific signal processing techniques to provide most of the ad

Pulse Doppler Radar
Pulse doppler radars make use of the dopper shift in pulse radar to determine the relative velocity