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Cattle Seller - Cattle glossary Category: Agriculture and Industry > Cattle Date & country: 21/09/2013, USA Words: 52

F1
The first generation of offspring resulting in the mating of a purebred bull and a cow of another breed.

A.I.
Artifical Insemination - A technique to impregnate a female without the natural service of the male of the species.

TM
Total Maternal

Vealer
Milk fed calf less than 3 months of age.

Wean
The act of taking offspring from their mothers and off milk.

WW
Weaning Weight - Adjusted weaning weight. Expressed in pounds.

Yearling
Animal between 1 and 2 years of age.

YW
Yearling weight - Adjusted weight at 1 year. Expressed in pounds.

Sire
Male parent.

Springer
Female cattle close to calving.

ST
Stayability - Cow's ability to produce a calf after age 6.

Stag
Male castrated after secondary sex characteristics are developed.

Steer
Male calf castrated before secondary sex characteristics are developed.

SC
Scrotal Circumference

Scurs
Any horny tissue that is attached to the skin rather than the bony parts of the head.

Registerd
Purbred animal recognized by a breed association.

QTL
Bovine Quantitative Trait - used to estimate traits such as milk production, growth, meat tenderness.

REA
Rib Eye Area - Measured in square inches.

Purebred
Any animal eligible for registration by a recognized breed.

Open cow
A female that is not pregnant.

Pedigree
The record of parents of a given individual.

Polled
Cattle naturally without horns.

Progeny
All offspring.

NCE
Nearly all purebred beef cattle organizations conduct National Cattle Evaluations (NCE). Used for the genetic evaluation of carcass, growth and maternal traits.

GL
Gestation Length

GM
Grid Merit - Extra carcass value in dollars.

Heifer
Female cattle under 3 years of age.

MB
Marbling - Flecks of fat within the lean muscle that enhances both flavor and juiciness.

MB
Marbling - A determinant of USDA quality grade.

Milk
This is the pre-weaning performance of the calf.

MK
Milk (Important if you retain replacements)

FT
Fat Thickness (lower FT means leaner beef)

FM
Feedlot Merit - Extra dollars based on pounds gained from Weaning Weight to Yearling Weight.

Freemartin
A heifer calf born with a bull calf. Freemartins are sterile and occur 9 out of 10 twin births.

Downer cow
A cow/cattle that can not stand for any reason.

Embryo Transfer
The act of removing embryos from a high quality donor cow and placing them in a less desirable host cow.

EST
Expressed Sequence Tags - A short strand of DNA that is a part of a cDNA molecule and can act as identifier of a gene. Used in locating and mapping genes.

Fat
12th rib fat thickness.

Fat cattle
Cattle, males, and females ready for slaughter.

Dam
The mother of any offspring.

Dehorning
The act of removing horns from cattle.

CWT
100 pounds of weight.

Calf
Offspring of cattle age up to 1 year, either male or female.

CE
Calving Ease - The ease of giving birth to a calf.

CED
Daughters Calving Ease

Closed herd
A group of cattle raised without introduction of outside cattle.

Cow
Female cattle usually over 3 years of age.

Crossbred
Offspring of two different cattle breeds.

CW
Carcass Weight - Expressed in pounds.

Branding
A permanent mark used to identify cattle. Fire branding or feeze branding is most often used.

Bull
Male cattle of any age.

BW
Birth Weight - Weight at birth of a calf.