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Tree Surgeon Manchester - Arboriculture terms Category: Agriculture and Industry > Tree surgery Date & country: 28/03/2011, UK Words: 41

Arboriculture
The professional care and management of trees.

Bracing
A method used to support a weak area of a tree using rods, cables or straps without having to significantly reduce or remove the weaker area of the tree.

British Standard
Institute which provides a code of practice for all types of industries. Relevant British Standards for tree work include BS5837 & BS3998.

BS3998
Recommendations for Tree Work.

BS4043
Recommendations for Transplanting Root-Balled Trees.

BS5837
Trees in Relation to Construction.

Co-dominant Stems
When two or more main stems of equal size and vigour compete for dominance. Such stems tend to fail much more often than others.

Coppicing
A traditional method carried out on a rotation basis, whereby tree stems are cut down to the stump to stimulate new growth.

Crown
The collective area of the tree formed by the branches and foliage above the stem (the trunk up to the first branch).

Crown Clean
The removal of dead, dying, damaged or diseased wood. It also includes removal of crossing branches, dangerous branches, epicormic growth and climbing plants such as Ivy from the crown of a tree.

Dead/Dying/Diseased/Dangerous
Any trees which are dead dyeing, diseased or dangerous legally permit work to be carried out on them even if they are covered by a Tree Preservation Order or are in a Conservation Area.

Deadwood Removal
Refers to the removal of deadwood which naturally occurs within tree canopy. This has a liability of falling and can pose a risk to the public depending on the tree's location. Extensive deadwood could suggest the tree is in decline.

Decay
Damage of internal living tissues in a tree caused by fungi which affects its strength and stability.

Decline
A term used to describe the appearance of a tree showing signs of stress, lack of vigour or is dying. This could be due to disease, infection or environmental factors.

Dieback
Decline that proceeds slowly from the tips of branches in towards the trunk.

Dismantling
Is the procedure used to fell a tree piece by piece when there is a lack of safe space to fell it whole.

Emergency 24 hour call out service
Providing support and assistance to any storm damaged or fallen trees when you need it most, 24/7.

Epicormic Growth
Small shoots which grow from the base of a tree, on the main stem, on branches and from buds. Can be a sign of stress, damage or is stimulated by pruning.

Formative Pruning
Pruning of a tree while it is still young to maintain a particular shape and reduce likelihood of future problems.

Fruiting Bodies
The spore bearing body of a fungus infecting a tree.

Habitat
The natural environment of an animal or plant.

Hedge Trimming
N,C.F.can maintain your hedging any size, any where, our maintenance which can be arranged to be carried out yearly for effective long term management including trimming back to create a neat and tidy form to reducing in height and width. We can also shape your hedging as requested.

High Hedge
Hedges deemed to be too high and cause a nuisance to the enjoyment of a neighbouring property.

Included Bark
The bark of close parts of a tree which are in face-to-face contact, these areas are commonly weak.

Mulch
The woody material which after being processed into chips can be laid down over the rooting area of a plant to reduce weed growth and retain moisture.

Pathogen
A micro-organism which causes disease.

Photosynthesis
The process whereby plants use the sun as energy to produce carbohydrates required for its growth.

Planting
N.C.F. can also supply and plant a huge range of trees, shrubs and hedging plants. We can also give professional advice on what to plant and where to plant with creation of plating schemes from simple replacement trees up to garden tree and shrub landscaping and up to large-scale commercial planting projects. We can even provide the valued after care maintenance advice and plan formative pruning s...

Pollarding
The complete or partial removal of the crown back to the main stem, this is carried out to encourage new healthy growth and can be carried out on a rotational basis.

Pruning
This involves the removal of twigs, branches or roots by cutting them off with a saw. All cuts wound the tree. Therefore care must be taken, it is also important to ensure pruning takes place at the right time of year for the species.

Remedial Action
This involves tree works which are carried out to remove the risk of injury to people or damage to property.

Ring Barking
Also called Girdling, involves physical damage to the bark on the stem which destroys the internal tissues that transport water and food. This results in the death of the tree.

Root Pruning
Often necessary for the installation of Root Barriers, root pruning is also often required on development sites where digging is essential within the designated Root Protection Area. In these cases it is advisable to use a professional arborist who has been trained, and is experienced in these techniques.

Site Clearance
N.C.F. are Specialists in site clearance for the construction industry, this includes vegetation clearance of all types, with the machinery capable for large or small scale contracts. We are also able to provide a mulching service, allowing to compact all vegetation on site to woodchip mulch.

Stem
The supporting structure of a tree from ground level up to the first branch which slowly expands are the tree grows older. It also transports water and food around the plant.

Stump grinding/removal
With our range of stump grinder sizes we are able to remove any size of tree stump in most locations. This method causes little disturbance and allows the client to be able to use the site straight away for replacement planting or for other work the client may require.

Timber Extraction
N.C.F.have the use of machinery such as a timber trailer and grab for the removal of heavy timber from the site resulting in less manual labour, less mess and saving time and costs.

Tree Condition Surveys
We are able to provide Tree Condition Surveys to the standards of BS5837 for trees in relation to construction as well as for mortgage and insurance reports, health and safety purposes and for subsidence issues.

Tree Preservation Order (TPO)
An order made by the Local Planning Authority. Consent is required for any works to be carried out.

Tree Removal
N.C.F. carry out all aspects of tree care including tree cutting and felling. Capable of dealing with trees of any size for both commercial and domestic customers.

Veteran Tree
Means a tree which, because of its great age, size or condition is of exceptional value culturally and for conservation. Usually measure above 3m in diameter to be distinguished as veteran.