Copy of `AVRU - Venom and poison index`

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AVRU - Venom and poison index Category: Animals and Nature > Venom and poison Date & country: 25/03/2011, AU Words: 34

albumin
n. protein found in large quantities throughout the tissues of mammals

antibody
n. substance of immune origin directaed against an antigen

antigen
n. substance, usually of biological origin, which precipitates an immune response

antivenene
n. antivenom [now fairly obsolete]

antivenom
n. substance of immunological origin, whose action counters that of venom

arachnid
n. animal belonging to the group which includes spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites and pseudoscorpions

araneomorph
adj. belonging to a group of spider species regarded as more advanced, characterised by various features, the most readily recognizable of which is the opposing action of the fangs [c.f. mygalomoprh]

bovine
adj. of cattle

bradycardia
n. a slow heart rate

cephalothorax
n. fore part of a spider's body, distinct from the abdomen and having all four pairs of legs

coagulation
n. formation of a blood clot

coagulopathy
n. pathological disturbance in the process of coagulation

envenomation
n. process of venom being injected into the body

equine
adj. of horses

fang
n. specialised tooth or toothlike structure associated with the mouth, often hollow or grooved and improving the efficiency of venom injection

genus
n. in the classification of living things, a group of similar species [e.g., the brown snake species all belong to the genus Pseudonaja]

haematological
adj. of blood

hymenopteran
n. animal belonging to the group comprised of the ants, bees, wasps and sawflies

invertebrate
n. any animal which does not have a backbone

LD50
n. median lethal dose; a quantity or concentration of toxin at which half of the test subjects to whom it is administered are killed by its effects

leporine
adj. of rabbits

monovalent
adj. applied to antivenom, acting against a single type of venom [c.f. polyvalent]

mygalomorph
adj. belonging to a group of spider species regarded as more primitive, characterised by various features, the most readily recognizable of which is the parallel action of the fangs [c.f. araneomoprh]

nematocyst
n. stinging cell found on the tentacles of jellyfish and certain other marine creatures

ovine
adj. of sheep

polyvalent
adj. applied to antivenom, acting against multiple venom types [c.f. monovalent]

slough
v. to shed skin [applied to snakes]

synapse
n. junction between adjacent nerve cells across which nerve impulses travel

synaptic
adj. of a synapse

tachycardia
n. a rapid heart rate

tetrodotoxin
n. potent neurotoxin in the saliva of blue-ringed octopi, named after the group of fish (tetrodontids) in which it is found native

toxin
n. substance which has an adverse effect on physiology

urticaria
n. inflammation of the skin, typically with numerous weals and itching

venom
n. toxin actively introduced into the victim's body via a specialised structure [in contrast to being passively introduced through contact or ingestion]