Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

AA amyloidosis
secondary amyloidosis.

AA interval
the interval between two consecutive atrial stimuli.

AA protein
AA amyloid.

AAAS
American Association for the Advancement of Science.

AABB
American Association of Blood Banks.

AACE
American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists.

AAFP
American Academy of Family Physicians.

AAGP
American Academy of General Practice.

AAI pacemaker
atrial demand inhibited pacemaker.

AAIR pacemaker
an atrial demand inhibited pacemaker that is responsive to the patient's respiratory rate and thus to exercise and metabolic needs.

AAMRL
American Association of Medical Record Librarians.

AAO
American Association of Orthodontists; American Academy of Ophthalmology; American Academy of Otolaryngology; American Academy of Osteopathy.

AAO-HNS
American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery.

AAOS
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

AAP
American Academy of Pediatrics; American Academy of Periodontology; American Association of Pathologists.

AAPM&R
American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.

AARC
American Association for Respiratory Care.

Aaron sign
(ar´әn) a sensation of pain or distress in the epigastric or precordial region on pressure over the McBurney point in appendicitis.

AARP
American Association of Retired Persons.

Aarskog syndrome
(ahr´skog) Aarskog-Scott syndrome (ahrs´kog skot´) an inherited syndrome caused by a gene located on the X chromosome; its characteristics are an abnormally increased distance between the eyes, nostrils that are tipped forward, a broad upper lip, a scrotal “shawl” above the penis, and small h...

Aase syndrome
(ahz) an inherited disorder characterized by anemia, mildly delayed growth, an extra joint in the thumbs, narrow shoulders, and late closure of the fontanelles; sometimes there are also cleft lip, cleft palate, abnormalities of the retina, and web neck.

AAT pacemaker
atrial demand triggered pacemaker.

ab
Latin word meaning from.

Ab
antibody.

abacavir
(ә-bak´ә-vir) a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used as an antiretroviral in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection; administered orally as the sulfate salt.

Abadie sign
(ah-bah-de´) loss of feeling in the Achilles tendon, associated with tabes dorsalis.

abaptiston
(a″bap-tis´tәn) a saw used to remove a circular area of the skull, constructed so as to avoid slippage with damage to the brain.

abarognosis
(a″bar-әg-no´sis) loss of sense of weight.

abasia
(ә-ba´zhә) inability to walk. adj., aba´sic, abat´ic., adj.

abasia atactica
(ә-ba´zhә ә-tac´tĭ-kә) abasia with uncertain movements, due to a defect of coordination.

abasia trepidans
(ә-ba´zhә trep´ĭ-danz) trembling abasia

abasia-astasia
(ә-ba´zhә-ә-sta´zhә) astasia-abasia.

abatement
(ә-bāt´mәnt) decrease in severity of a pain, symptom, or disorder.

Abbe operation
attachment of a triangular, full-thickness flap from the median portion of the lower lip to fill a defect in the upper lip.

ABC
argon beam coagulator; aspiration biopsy cytology. airway, breathing, circulation; see ABC's.

ABC's
airway, breathing, circulation, and cervical spine; these are a priority assessment for the basics of life support for a critically ill patient. See also ABCDE.

ABCDE
an expansion of the ABC's to include airway, breathing, circulation, disability, and exposure.

abciximab
(ab-sik´sĭ-mab) a human-murine monoclonal antibodyFab fragment that inhibits the aggregation of platelets, used in prevention of thrombosis in percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; administered by intravenous infusion.

abdomen
(ab´dә-mәn) (ab-do´mәn) the anterior portion of the body between the thorax and the pelvis; it contains the abdominal cavity, which is separated from the chest area by the diaphragm. The cavity, which is lined with a membrane known as the peritoneum, contains the stomach, large and small int...

abdominal
(ab-dom´ĭ-nәl) pertaining to the abdomen.

abdominal aneurysm
abdominal aortic aneurysm a common type of aneurysm, found in the abdominal aorta, usually in an area of severe atherosclerosis.

abdominal cavity
the cavity of the body between the diaphragm above and the pelvis below, containing the abdominal organs.

abdominal delivery
cesarean section.

abdominal fissure
a congenital cleft in the abdominal wall; see also gastroschisis. Called also celoschisis.

abdominal fistula
an abnormal passage between a hollow abdominal organ and the surface of the abdomen.

abdominal hernia
herniation of omentum, intestine, or some other internal body structure through the abdominal wall; it may be congenital or found as a complication of pregnancy or a surgical incision.

abdominal hysterectomy
that performed through the abdominal wall. Called also abdominohysterectomy and laparohysterectomy.

abdominal obesity
android obesity.

abdominal pad
a pad for the absorption of discharges from abdominal wounds, or for packing off abdominal viscera to improve exposure during surgery. Called also laparotomy pad.

abdominal pregnancy
ectopic pregnancy with development of the embryo in the abdominal cavity.

abdominal pulse
the pulse felt over the abdominal aorta.

abdominal reflexes
contractions of the abdominal muscles about the navel on stimulating the abdominal skin. It indicates that the spinal cord from the eighth to the twelfth thoracic nerve is intact.

abdominal regions
the nine areas into which the anterior surface of the abdomen is divided, including the epigastric, right and left hypochondriac, umbilical, right and left lateral, hypogastric, and right and left iliac regions.

abdominal respiration
inhalation accomplished mainly by the diaphragm and respiratory muscles.

abdominal ribs
false ribs.

abdominal ring
deep inguinal ring.

abdominal section
laparotomy; incision of the abdominal wall.

abdominal thrust
Heimlich maneuver.

abdominocardiac reflex
any reflex in the heart produced by stimulating the abdominal sympathetic nerves. See also Livierato sign.

abdominocentesis
(ab-dom″ĭ-no-sen-te´sis) abdominal paracentesis.

abdominocystic
(ab-dom″ĭ-no-sis´tik) pertaining to the abdomen and gallbladder.

abdominohysterectomy
(ab-dom″ĭ-no-his″tәr-ek´tә-me) abdominal hysterectomy.

abdominohysterotomy
(ab-dom″ĭ-no-his″tәr-ot´ә-me) abdominal hysterotomy.

abdominothoracic arch
the lower boundary of the front of the thorax.

abdominovaginal
(ab-dom″ĭ-no-vaj´ĭ-nәl) pertaining to the abdomen and vagina.

abdominovesical
(ab-dom″ĭ-no-ves´ĭ-kәl) abdominocystic. pertaining to or connecting the abdominal cavity and urinary bladder.

abdominovesical pouch
the pocketlike reflection of the peritoneum from the abdominal wall to the anterior surface of the bladder.

abducens
(ab-doo´sәnz) Latin word meaning carrying away from; abducent.

abducens nerve
abducent nerve.

abducens paralysis
paralysis of the external rectus muscle of the eye due to lesion of the abducens nerve, with internal strabismus and diplopia.

abducent
(ab-doo´sәnt) serving to abduct a part.

abducent nerve
the sixth cranial nerve; it arises from the pons and supplies the lateral rectus muscle of the eyeball, allowing for motion. Paralysis of the nerve causes diplopia (double vision).

abduct
(ab-dukt´) to draw away from an axis or the median plane.

abduction
(ab-duk´shәn) the act of abducting; the state of being abducted. Abduction of the fingers.

abductor
(ab-duk´tor) a muscle that moves a part away from an axis or from the midline of the body or some other structure.

abductor hallucis muscle
abductor muscle of great toe: origin, medial tubercle of calcaneus, plantar fascia; insertion, medial surface of base of proximal phalanx of great toe; innervation, medial plantar nerve; action, abducts, flexes great toe.

abductor pollicis brevis muscle
short abductor muscle of thumb: origin, scaphoid, ridge of trapezium, flexor retinaculum of hand; insertion, lateral surface of base of proximal phalanx of thumb; innervation, median nerve; action, abducts thumb.

abductor pollicis longus muscle
long abductor muscle of thumb: origin, posterior surfaces of radius and ulna; insertion, radial side of base of first metacarpal bone; innervation, posterior interosseous nerve; action, abducts, extends thumb.

aberrancy
(ab-er´әn-se) aberration (3).

aberrant
(ă-ber´әnt) (ab´әr-әnt) wandering or deviating from the usual or normal course.

aberrant conduction
cardiac conduction through pathways not normally conducting cardiac impulses, particularly through ventricular tissue.

aberrant duct
any duct that is not usually present or that takes an unusual course or direction.

aberrant goiter
goiter of an ectopic thyroid gland.

aberratio
(ab″әr-a´she-o) Latin word meaning aberration.

aberration
(ab″әr-a´shәn) deviation from the normal or usual. imperfect refraction or focalization of a lens. chromatic aberration unequal refraction by a lens of light rays of different lengths passing through it, producing a blurred image and a display of c...

abetalipoproteinemia
(a-ba″tә-lip″o-pro″te-ne´me-ә) a rare autosomal recessive syndrome marked by a lack of low-density lipoproteins (β-lipoproteins) in the blood and by acanthocytosis, hypercholesterolemia, progressive ataxic neuropathy, atypical retinitis pigmentosa involving the macula, and malabsorption. Cal...

abfraction
(ab-frak´shәn) pathological loss of tooth structure owing to biomechanical forces (flexion, compression, or tension) or chemical degradation; it is most visible as V-shaped notches in the cervical area of a tooth.

ABGs
arterial blood gases.

abiosis
(a″bi-o´sis) absence of life. adj., abiot´ic., adj.

abiotrophy
(a″bi-ot´rә-fe) progressive loss of vitality of certain tissues or organs leading to disorders or loss of function; applied especially to degenerative hereditary diseases of late onset, such as Huntington chorea. adj., abiotroph´ic., adj.

ablate
(ab-lāt´) to remove, especially by cutting, usually with a laser or electrocautery.

ablatio
(ab-la´she-o) Latin word meaning detachment. ablatio retinae retinal detachment.

ablation
(ab-la´shәn) separation or detachment; extirpation; eradication. removal, especially by cutting with a laser or electrocautery.

ablation therapy
the destruction of small areas of heart muscle, usually by application of electrical or chemical energy, for treatment of some tachyarrhythmias. See also electrical ablation and chemical ablation.

ABLB test
alternate binaural loudness balance test.

ablepharia
(a″blĕ-far´e-ә) congenital absence, partial or complete, of the eyelids. adj., ableph´arous., adj.

ablepharon
(a″blef´ә-ron) ablepharia.

abnormal
(ab-nor´mәl) not normal; contrary to the usual structure, position, condition, behavior, or rule.

abnormal occlusion
malocclusion.

abnormality
(ab″nor-mal´ĭ-te) the state of being unlike the usual condition. a malformation or anomaly. left atrial abnormality an atrial conduction abnormality accompanied by an enlarged left atrium; on the electrocardiogram it is seen as notched upright P waves in ...